TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................31.1 Key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector in London.................................31.2 Explanation of the structure of the travel and tourism sector....................................................4TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................5P2.1 Analyses the function of government, government sponsored bodies and international agencies in travel and tourism........................................................................................................................5P2.2 Explanation of the local and national economic policy influences the success of the travel and tourism sector...................................................................................................................................5P2.3 The implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in different countries..6Task 3....................................................................................................................................................7P3.1 Description of factors affecting demand in tourism................................................................7P3.2 Explanation of change in supply in order to meet the effects of demand................................8Task 4....................................................................................................................................................9P4.1 Evaluation of positive and negative economic, environmental and social impacts of tourism9P4.2 Explanation of strategies that can be used for minimization of negative impact and maximization of positive impacts .................................................................................................10Conclusion..........................................................................................................................................11References..........................................................................................................................................122
INTRODUCTIONTourism sector is defined as the industry which provides the visitors to visit interested places aswell as fund the commercial operation of holidays by the tourists. Travel and tourism sector is one ofthe largest and fastest growing industries in the UK (Travel and Tourism, 2014). For conducting thepresent research, travel and tourism sector is selected is London. This report includes historicaldevelopment and structure of travel and tourism sector of the London. It also gives introduction aboutdomestic and international government, demand and supply of this sector and various effects on thissector. TASK 11.1 Key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector in LondonThe key historical development in the travel and tourism sector in London is developing day-by-day to attract large number of customers of the London. There are numerous sites, buildings;individual structures, which are there from many different periods. The London city dates back to theRoman times so there is no shortage of historic attractions to visit by the people. In mid of 1800, therewere very short lived attractions and charges to see that monuments were very high which cannot beaffordable to all the people. In late 18th century, travel and tourism sector started the new craze in thevisitors which is skating (Dickinson and Peeters, 2014). For that, tourism industry started ice skatingwhich could be enjoyed at numerous sites in severe winters. In 18th century era, women could not join new and fashionable amusements like rifle shooting,archery etc. but slowly this changes and later on women can also enjoy these various developments. Inearly era, women were restricted to enter various monuments and churches but slowly time changedand they started enjoying various attractions which were introduced by travel and tourism sector toattract women visitors. By the end of 19th century, the various exhibitions had attracted number ofvisitors to the London (Wells and et.al., 2016). This exhibition was aimed to attract large scale ofcustomers to know their expanding culture and to increase their reputation as a global city.Today, people from every corner of world are visiting to see their impressive monuments, itsvibrant culture and the theatrical performance. The travel and tourism sector is developing thesehistorical attractions so that people can know more about these places. This also increases their socialcondition in terms of infrastructure and technology. The revenues which are generated include allaspects of the tourism industry such as accommodation, transportation, eating out and attractionentrance fees (Mason, 2015). There are some of the important London landmarks which are Tower ofLondon, Buckingham Palace, Tower Bridge, Westminster Abbey, Kensington Palace, Windsor Castleetc. These places are the main attractions for the people who visit there and know more about them.3
Buckingham Palace is the most famous tourist attraction in London which is the royal residence ofQueen. But some of the rooms are opened to the public during the summer months when specialguided tours are conducted. Kensington Palace also serves traditional afternoon tea to the visitors.There are various museums which are also opened for the visitors which include exclusive objects.1.2 Explanation of the structure of the travel and tourism sectorThe structure of the travel and tourism sector can be analysed through vertical and horizontalintegration which focuses on its diversification. It can be classified on the basis of six components andare hospitality, transportation, attractions, tour operators, tourists etc. and they are as follows:Hospitality: In this, one of the important aspects is accommodation which is very important tothe travel and tourism industry. It consists of hotels facilities which comprises of travel inns,camp sites, self catering villa which contributes the industry (Estol and Font, 2016). Thetourism industry is also increasing its self catering where they supply their own meals to theircustomers. The travel and tourism is also growing their popularity by offering breakfast andevening tea with snacks.Transportation: This is one of the essential parts of the travel and tourism industry. There arefour modes of transport in tourism and they are road, rail, water and air. The tourist's choice oftransport mode is dependent on several factors (Leung and Baloglu, 2013). According to thedistance and time involved between the places and its geography, status and comfort of thevisitors is also one of the factors. Safety and price of the transportation also plays major roles inthe choices of transportation. Attractions: In London, there are various attractions in some, they are natural and some areman-made. Man-made attractions like Big Ben are made to attract large number of tourists tothe London by which they can generate revenues (Morrison, 2013). Buckingham Palace, St.Paul Cathedral, Tower of London is some of the famous attractions of the London which hasdifferent culture and values.Tour operators: They produce holidays in the form of a package. The tour operators sold to thetravel agents which buy in the bulk which reduces overhead costs and the holiday is presentedas a brochure to them (Buck, 2011). There are mass market tour operators and one of the mostfamous tour operator of London is Thomas Cook. Tourists: it is one of the essential part of the travel and tourism industry which helps indeveloping the travel and tourism industry. The industry is trying their best in developing thiscomponent of the structure to grow its profitability (Goeldner and Ritchie, 2009). It ensure thatprospective visitors learn of their location and all it has to offer by extensive advertising and4
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