Impact of Tourism on Global Economy and Employment

The assignment discusses the importance of tourism in generating maximum income for various countries, creating employment opportunities, and promoting peaceful relations between nations. It also touches upon the influence of micro and macro factors on the tourism industry. The assignment references several books and journals that provide insights into destination competitiveness, social network formation, and the impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals.

Tourist Destinations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Main tourist destinations which generate maximum income around the world...................1
1.2 Statistics for identifying current and future trends of tourism destinations..........................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Cultural, social and physical feature of visiting places.........................................................5
2.2 Comparison between leading and developing destinations..................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Covered in PPT...........................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Issues which influence the popularity of visitor places........................................................8
4.2 Potential for liable tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourism places...9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism aspect have a noteworthy development in last 4-5 decades due to
greater success of this industry like enactment in mode of transportation and modernization of
technology. Europe is seen as one of the perfect destination to visit or to spend holidays because
of its impressive environment with rich heritage which seek the attention of millions of domestic
and foreign clients (Ahmad, 2013). In fact travellers prefer travelling due to number of reasons
for example recreational activities, to see religious places, to expand their business, wanted to
know about great love stories, to feel relaxed, energetic etc. Individuals living in growing nations
such as USA and UK wish to explore various regions like Spain, India, Germany etc. Therefore
this assignment is going to highlight the top most tourist destinations where visitors wanted to
spend their quality time or to fulfils their other objectives. Trip advisor and Virgin holidays is
successful company in tourism sector by running their business operations around the world for
generating maximum revenue. Thus, report also analyse various current and future trends which
emerges at visitor places by predicting with the help of accurate data or information. Number of
issues which influence popularity of tourist destinations is also become part of this assignment.
Later on report will highlight necessary characteristic of few places which were famous for its
attractive things.
TASK 1
1.1 Main tourist destinations which generate maximum income around the world
There are number of countries which started believing in tourism industry after recession
of 2009 and giving more importance to this sector due to number of reasons (Armenski, and
et.al., 2011). For example employment increases, generate maximum revenue, create healthy
relations between two countries like India and china etc. Basically, tourists is classified into two
different parts; one is domestic another is foreign and both of them are fully differentiate from
each other which is mentioned below:- Domestic:- Transfer of goods and services within the country comes under this category.
 International:- Whereas, when business operations are extending across the globe is
known as foreign tourist.
Trip advisor is one of the successful enterprise in tourism industry due to its on time
services with qualitative products and having its subsidiaries in almost millions of nations for
1

generating maximum revenue. Tourist destinations increases day by day because it becomes
source of income for number of companies as several of individuals are who love to travel in
various nations. According to data of UNESCO tourism economy is developing in a fastest way
which might touched 200 billion GBP before 2020. Therefore, accurate information about
different nations is expressed as follows:-
Issues France China Spain UK USA
Share in
economy
This nation is
seen as most
impressive
nation by
millions of
travellers due
to its
monuments,
historical
places etc.
Rich people
prefer this
country which
resulted in
development
in economy of
France.
Last few years
this country
was not that
much of
importance as
compare with
others due to
its traditional
systems. But
after 1990
china also
paying full
attention on
tourism sector
due to which it
contributed
almost ¥ 1620
billion.
Therefore, it
means Chinese
market have
approximately
2.6 % share in
national
It considered
as most
achieved
player in
tourism sector
due to its
strong
promotional
techniques.
Thus, Spain
has
contributed
almost 161
billion euro in
their economy.
This country is
also
developing
due to its
rough phases,
Brexit,
economic
slowdown and
having almost
3.5% shares in
national
salary. In fcat
they are
growing with
5% which is
considered as
a decent rate
of upliftment.
In this nation
tourism sector
have almost
3% shares on
total economy.
Basically this
industry is
very useful by
generating
maximum
number of
jobs.
2

wages.
Number of
tourist
Approximatel
y 60 million
tourist are
travelling in a
single year
and almost
1276.53
expenditure is
earned by
nation.
Nearly 20
millions guest
arrives and
almost 39.88
expenses per
person.
Around 32
millions
visitors prefer
this nation.
Nearby
36.115 million
tourist comes
in UK on
yearly basis.
Almost 60
millions
individuals
selected USA
in 2015.
Top most
visitors
destinations
Eiffel tower,
French
Riviera, Viex-
port,
chamonix.
Forbidden
city, Karst
hills,
Tiananmen
square
Gaudi
building,
Royal Palace,
Prado
museum.
Buckingham
Palace,
Glasglow ,
Lochs, peaks
& Armadle
castle. Royal
mile shops,
Kelvingrove
gallery.
Walt disney
land, national
park, zion
national park,
State of
Liberty.
Above informations shows top most destinations of five nations which may succeeded in
attracting number of customers (Beritelli, 2011).
1.2 Statistics for identifying current and future trends of tourism destinations
Travel and tourism industry have been considered as a fastest growth in last 3-4 decades
because of its effectiveness and very much appropriate in generating maximum revenue. Due to
increase in tourism sector, number of people who prefer travelling and wanted to experience
different things. According to above information, it has been identified that china, France, Spain,
USA and UK are seen as highest nation in term of tourism because of their impressive
destinations which succeeded in seeking the attention of numerous of customers (Crouch, 2011).
While exploring around the world for understanding recent trends of tourism sector it can be
3

determined that number of individuals which are eager to know about places and believe in
travelling entire world. London is considered as a perfect site for exploring and people love to
travel in Europe because of its historical monuments, roads, big buildings, parks etc. For
example almost 16.7 millions tourist are visiting in London on yearly basis as well as Edinburgh
and around 14.2 prefer Manchester. Thus, there are numerous of other reasons which shows
London as most visited places is mentioned as follows:-
 Standardized educational facilities which is selected by number of students for post
graduation such as MBA.
 Availability of various successful business attract companies to make joint venture with
them for profit maximization.
 Love stories and full of surprising histories.
 Museums with past weapons, utensils used by kings etc.
Later on government of UK also plays a very drastic role in tourisms sector by
introducing number of acts, norms, plans and policies for defending individuals or tourist from
discrimination. Additionally, they also trying to create job opportunities for unemployed people
by motivating firms to come up with new plants and machinery. Apart from this dressing sense
also changes due to emergence of creative ideas or trends such as increase in demand of western
dresses that is; jeans, t shirts, crop tops etc.
Hence, as per statistics changes in current trends act as a major tool of growth and
success in UK because various foreign industries are partially or fully impressed by western
attire and thoughts. Recently Olympics and Paralympics was held in UK creates instant flow of
income in tourism sector because sports and games plays a major role in capturing minds of
customers. Thus, if in future similar event is going to organize then it automatically affects profit
of travelling agencies. Trip advisor always be active by implementing various unique and
impressive promotional methods. Thus, after evaluation it has been identified that in coming
time period demand of tourist destinations get maximized which resulted in high growth of a
entire nation as well as industry (Datzira-Masip and Poluzzi, 2014).
Apart from above data, an appropriate table is also used which throw lights on recent
trends of visitors who prefers UK for their holidays as compared with other nations. Here is a
approx. data in tabular form:-
4

Rank City 2008 2009 2010 Total
1 London 14752 14210 14705 59010
2 Edinburgh 1190 1323 1314 5156
3 Bristol 890 812 799 3471
4 Birmingham 764 710 738 2911
5 Manchester 492 422 375 1759
After assessment of above information it has been determined that London is seen as one
of the highest tourist place as compare with other nations due to its different theme and idea of
welcoming foreign clients.
TASK 2
2.1 Cultural, social and physical feature of visiting places
London and India is chosen for this task as a visitor place for whom physical, cultural and
social features are highlighted and to understand the benefits of these two places in a proper
manner (Di Pietro, Di Virgilio and Pantano, 2012). Thus, effective evaluation is conducted for
explanation that is described as follows:-
 Physical :- London is popularize for its most impressive themes, parks and monuments in
international market and become successful nation in terms of tourist destinations due to
more reasons. These are:-
1. Educational facilities.
2. Employment opportunities.
3. Mysterious stories.
4. Theme based restaurants.
5. Mountains.
In fact number of youngsters leave their home just to improve their personality or to become
more studious by gaining maximum knowledge by enhancing their leaning skills. On contrary to
this India is also famous for tourist places because of hilly areas which is preferred many couples
for spending their quality time. Additionally, various foreign companies prefer India for business
purpose also because land of this nation is famous for agriculture which grow rice, wheat in
maximum quantity (Fourie and Santana-Gallego, 2011).
5

 Social :- According to this factor tourism industry provides seasonal employment
because few every areas have their speciality in certain seasons like in winter is perfect
time for travelling in India whereas UK is well known for its rainy season means rainfall.
In fact almost in whole year rain is expected in London even at height of hotness that is;
summer.
 Cultural:- Customs of India is fully different from UK and both the nation have unique
norms or culture which is distinct as per areas. Basically, famous culture of India is girls
in Sari and boys in kurta Pajmas and it also considered as a sovereign state whereas UK
follows Christian religious life with liberal democracy. Therefore famous festivals of
Europe and India is mentioned as follows:-
India :- Diwali, holi, Maha shivratri, Raksha bandhan, dusshera, janamasthami etc.
UK:- Burns night, Jorvik viking festival, Hay festival, Aldeburgh, Isle of Wight etc.
These above informations shows physical, social and cultural feature of india and uk as
well as comparison between tourist destinations of both the places (Brouder and et. al., 2016).
2.2 Comparison between leading and developing destinations
There are several number of nations which is popularize for its attractive places which
succeeded in seeking attention of numerous of domestic and foreign clients. Leading nation in
terms of visitor place means an area which is selected by individuals on priority base whereas
developed means further improvement is not required because country is grow from all sides.
Thus it is suggested to conduct research team for understanding the difference between growing
and leading destinations and requires comparison to final outcomes. Therefore it is compulsory
to choose two best nations; one as a processing nation and another one is developed before
conducting comparison. Hence, an appropriate table is used for highlighting differences between
two nations with the help of essential factors which have a greater impact on a tourism industry
that is ; described under beneath:-
Basis India UK
Social This nation is consider as a
struggling country because poverty,
unemployment, differences on the
basis of colour, caste, religion, sex,
UK is highly educated and every
individual believe in self improvement
by experiencing new and innovative
things. In fact, society have different
6

income etc. Therefore due to these
differences they are not able to
focussed on upliftment of society.
But in India people share similar
culture and try to make their country
sovereign in nature by giving same
respect to every language.
customs with their own views on it and
all of them respect culture of each
community.
Technological India is legging behind in term of
comparison because few areas of this
nation still left in using modern
technology. Because people are not
much educated and talented which
affects their life style (Bruwer and
Joy,2017). Therefore India comes
under developing country because it
requires many more improvements
and changes.
UK comes under developing nations
because most of the latest or modern
technology is initially used by them
only. In fact few modern machinery is
introduced by UK companies due to
availability of creative people who
believes in doing something different.
Economical Initially India have very worst
economic condition due to absence
of successful organizations. But later
on changes comes in a fastest way
and number of scientist comes with
innovative and unique ideas which
motivate firms towards expansion
process.
UK have a maximum growth rate due
to emergence of various creative
companies as well as advanced
technology. Along with this they are
also famous for their lavish services at
tourist places which may seek attention
of several number of visitors.
Legal Criminal activities are increases day
by day which also influence success
of this nation like terrorist attacks on
yearly basis, theft , robbery, murder,
attacks on girls etc. Legal bodies
Absence of criminal attacks due to high
safety measures which protect every
individual of a nation. All this happens
due to active role of armed forces
which is also one of major reason
7

have to take strict action against
these acts because it affects their
business operations as well as
success of tourism industry which
indirectly affects economy of a
nation.
behind success of UK because every
persons wants their security.
Cultural Customs, norms, values, culture of
India attracted various western
countries because of their traditional
outfits, sweet languages and entire
method of completing any spiritual
activity. In fact India is famous for
its impressive culture and national
festivals like Holi, Diwali, Dusshera,
independence day etc.
There are numerous of cultures are
celebrated in UK. Every festival have
their own styles, values, techniques etc.
TASK 3
Covered in PPT
TASK 4
4.1 Issues which influence the popularity of visitor places
There are many challenges which can influence the demand of traveller goals which is
clearly define as follows:
Psychological warfare: In country if any kind of movement happen then it will directly effect
the ratio of tourism place and destination. The number of tourism increase or decrease with time
there is some certain time in which the demand of tourism place increase.
Harmful events: If there is any harmful or any danger event happen at destination place then it
impact on tourism place negatively. The demand of tourism place can decrease due to harmful
event or any activity (Bruwer, Gross and Lee,2016).
8

Governmental issues: This type of factor can develop situation of disturbance. It can harm
tourism life in negative way. The government policies and rules can effect tourism at higher
level.
Change in atmosphere conditions: If there is any change in environment of country then it can
influence peoples strengths as people are not ready to visit destination place in any kind of
climate.
Cost of products and enterprises which are offered at the season of visit: Individual go to
those places which fits into their financial plan. People go to destination places according to their
salary and their budget.
Tourism Trends: It is important element which help to mulled into various way. People love to
go to such kind of spots and places which are in vogue. Their decision influence in high level
which impact on various spots (Buosi, Lima and Silva, 2017.).
Visitor places are affected by number of factors as all the elements are interlinked with
each other. Basically, fluctuation is taking place at international marketplace due to emergence
of various close substitutes. Thus, influence of various issues on visitor places are describing as
follows: -
 Natural disasters: - It influence the popularity of tourist destination as it is uncontrollable
and not managed by organization. For example; earthquake affects the sale of dstinations.
 Terrorism: - Attacks of terrorist decrease the options of a place as a tourist destination.
4.2 Potential for liable tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourism places
Tourism sector plays a very eminent role in with relation to the tourism sectors, other
parties needs to assurance that the effects of various variables like monetary, political, culture
and society will be small or will be mitigated to zero. It is critical in the ways of the fact that
profits can be augmented and standing of a specific goal can be raised. Enterprise ought to be
made to expand the collective rate of occupation with the goal that the monetary state of the host
nation is additionally raised. In the event that the work rate ascends because of the tourism then it
is said that the specific partners are effective in satisfying their duty towards the general public
(Chen and Chen,2017). A respectable measure of assets is got from the administration with a
specific end goal to secure the legacy of the nation and it is the obligation of individuals in
charge of same to make a successful utilization of resources. Obligated tourism will likewise
attempt to diminish the effects of social issues by supporting the urgent issues which are detest in
9

the general public for example admission of herb, kid work or entertainment in UK. They by
formulation of associations like ECPAT of London can take activities against such practices and
can acquire change the general public. Along with these lines an appropriate set of principles is
built up which takes activities against these practices, if seen at any place in the effective
locations (Content Marketing for Travel, Tourism and Hospitality, 2017). It has been assessed
that number of organization are identified which are involved in this.
CONCLUSION
From the above assignment it can be summarised that world is full of impressive places
where visitors wanted to travel due to its inner and outer beauty. This report is mainly focussed
on top most destinations which is preferred by most of the individuals for example Eiffel tower,
national park in UK, statue of liberty etc. Basically assignment also explains best services of trip
advisor and virgin group around the world. In fact above information highlighted various issues
which was faced by various popularize places due to expansion of tourist industry in number of
countries for generating maximum income. Apart from this, one of a major benefit because of
travelling is that it creates maximum employment opportunity and promote various nations
towards peaceful relations with their enemy. Lastly, assignment also shows influence of different
micro and macro factors on tourism industry.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ahmad, A., 2013. The constraints of tourism development for a cultural heritage destination:
The case of Kampong Ayer (Water Village) in Brunei Darussalam. Tourism
Management Perspectives. 8. pp.106-113.
Armenski, T. and et.al., 2011. Destination competitivenes: A challenging process for Serbia.
Human Geographies. 5(1). p.19.
Beritelli, P., 2011. Cooperation among prominent actors in a tourist destination. Annals of
Tourism Research. 38(2). pp.607-629.
Crouch, G.I., 2011. Destination competitiveness: An analysis of determinant attributes. Journal
of travel research. 50(1). pp.27-45.
Datzira-Masip, J. and Poluzzi, A., 2014. Brand architecture management: The case of four
tourist destinations in Catalonia. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management.
3(1). pp.48-58.
Di Pietro, L., Di Virgilio, F. and Pantano, E., 2012. Social network for the choice of tourist
destination: Attitude and behavioural intention. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism
Technology. 3(1). pp.60-76.
Fourie, J. and Santana-Gallego, M., 2011. The impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals.
Tourism management. 32(6). pp.1364-1370.
10

Brouder, P. and et. al., 2016. Tourism destination evolution. Routledge.
Bruwer, J. and Joy, A., 2017. Tourism destination image (TDI) perception of a Canadian
regional winescape: a free-text macro approach. Tourism Recreation Research. pp.1-13.
Bruwer, J., Gross, M. J. and Lee, H. C., 2016. Tourism destination image (TDI) perception
within a regional winescape context. Tourism Analysis. 21(2-3). pp.173-187.
Buosi, M. D. A., Lima, S. D. O. and Silva, Á., 2017. Relationship between the perception of
sustainable development and the place image for residents of an international tourism
destination. Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo. 26(1). pp.128-149.
Chen, M. and Chen, J., 2017, July. Effects of Internet Word-of-Mouth of a Tourism Destination
on Consumer Purchase Intention: Based on Temporal Distance and Social Distance. In
International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management. pp.
321-330. Springer, Cham.
Online:
Content Marketing for Travel, Tourism and Hospitality. 2017. [Online]. Available through:
<https://thetomorrowlab.com/2016/03/content-marketing-travel-tourism/>. [Accessed
on 26th October 2017].
11

12

13

14