Treaty Report on CITES - Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

This report provides a detailed overview of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). It covers the history, purpose, appendices, and the roles of the Conference of the Parties, Standing Committee, and Secretariat. The report also discusses the importance of national laws for implementing the Convention and the success of CITES in tackling illegal trafficking and trade of wildlife.

Running Head: Treaty Report on CITES
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CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA
(CITES)
TREATY REPORT
System04128
[Pick the date]

Treaty Report on CITES 1
Table of Contents
Question 1..................................................................................................................................1
Question 2..................................................................................................................................1
Question 3..................................................................................................................................1
Question 4..................................................................................................................................1
Question 5..................................................................................................................................1
Question 6..................................................................................................................................1
Question 7..................................................................................................................................1
Question 8..................................................................................................................................2
Question 9..................................................................................................................................2
Question 10................................................................................................................................2
Question 11................................................................................................................................2
Question 12................................................................................................................................3
Question 13................................................................................................................................3
Question 14................................................................................................................................4
Bibliography...............................................................................................................................5

Treaty Report on CITES 2
Question 1
It is an international agreement between countries known as Washington Convention and The
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) (Anon., 2019).
Question 2
On 3 March 1973, the treaty for CITES convention was penned down in Washington D.C.
Question 3
The official citation of the convention is 27 UST 1087; TIAS 8249; 993 UNTS 243.
Question 4
This convention came into force on 1st July 1975.
Question 5
This convention is having 183 signatories and out of these 183 signatories, 172 have either
ratified or acceded the treaty until the end of December 2017 (Anon., 2019).
Question 6
CITES came into force after two failures in controlling wildlife management: London
Convention was planned to make sure about the protection of different species of wild fauna
in Africa in 1900 and London Convention related to protection of Fauna and Flora in the way
they are. CITES was designed and adopted by IUCN (The World Conservation Union) in
1963 (Sand, 1997).
Question 7
CITES was setup as a reaction as towards developing concerns, which were over-abuse of
wildlife via illegally trafficking globally. It was adding to the fast decrease of numerous types
of flora and fauna around the globe (Anon., 2016) .
Question 8
CITES looks over universal trafficking of wild flora and fauna. CITES gives direction to
parties through guidelines on various flora and fauna recorded in three different supplements.

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Appendix I have records of species imperiled because of global exchange, allowing such
exchange just in outstanding conditions. Appendix II includes species that may end up
imperiled if exchange of these species overlooked, subsequently. They require dominance for
forestalling use, which is not sustainable, keeping up environments, and keeping species
away from Appendix I. In Appendix III, those animals and plants will fall which are
subjected to local guideline by a gathering asking for the participation of different gatherings
to control universal exchange that species (Anon., 2019). In total, there are 5,600 fauna and
30,000 flora in Appendices (Anon., 2017).
Question 9
CITES have Conference of the Parties, which meet every two or three year depending on the
circumstances. The main reason of these meetings is to check on the species, which are
endangered, and putting them into the appendices accordingly (Anon., 2019).
Question 10
Executive committee of CITES is known as Standing committee. The Committee gives
strategy direction to Secretariat dealing with the execution of Convention and administers the
Secretariat’s financial plan. Except these vital roles, it organizes and regulates, where
required, crafted by different boards of trustees and working gatherings; does undertaking
given to it by Conference of the Parties; and make goals for thought by Conference of the
Parties (Anon., 2019).
Question 11
Secretariat of CITES is regulated by United Nations Environment Programme and its
headquarter is situated at Geneva. It has a significant job, principal to the Convention and its
capacities are set down in Article XII of the Convention. They include:
• playing a planning, warning and overhauling job in the working of the Convention;
• assisting with correspondence and observing the execution of the Convention to
guarantee that its arrangements are regarded;
• arrangement of the gatherings of Conference of the Parties and changeless
Committees at standard interims;
• providing help with the fields of enactment, authorization, science and preparing;

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• undertaking, under concurred programs, intermittent logical and specialized
investigations into issues influencing the usage of the Convention;
• making suggestions with respect to the execution of the Convention;
• circulating of data to few or all Parties;
• issuing latest releases of Appendices, at whatever point alteration is required, just as
of the decisions received by the Conference of the Parties at its gatherings, and data to
help ID of species recorded in the Appendices; and
• preparing yearly documents.
Question 12
Countries which are members of CITES should have national laws to make way for the
implementation of CITES’ rules and regulations. National laws for actualizing CITES are
basic to guarantee that exchange ensured species is lawful, feasible and recognizable.
Enactment engages government authorities to act, controls human conduct and explains
arrangement in connection to preservation and exchange natural life.
Question 13
In spite of the fact that CITES is legitimately authoritative on States it is commonly not self-
executing. This implies it cannot be completely executed until explicit household measures
have been received for that reason. It is along these lines significant that CITES Parties have
enactment set up enabling them to actualize and uphold all parts of the Convention.
Just through sufficient enactment, which is forever forward thinking and effectively
authorized, both at the outskirts and inside nations, can CITES truly work. Satisfactory
national enactment is vital to successful natural life exchange controls by the State
organizations accused of executing and authorizing the Convention. It is additionally an
imperative essential for guaranteeing that a country conforms to arrangements of the
Convention (Anon., 2019).
Question 14
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species is apex as well as significant
international treaty in protection of wildlife. Almost every country in the globe is the member
of CITES hence, they are responsible for giving special attention and concern towards

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endangered species in their region. These member countries should take special attention
towards illegal trade, poaching, hunting and illegal trafficking. There are three levels of
protection in CITES. Species, which are on the verge of extinction, are in Appendix I whose
commercial trade is strictly prohibited. Appendix II controls global trade of species that may
be on the edge of extinction without trade controls. Appendix III jots species for which at
least one country has asked help in controlling the trade. Due to CITES efforts have increased
to tackle the illegal trafficking and trade of wildlife. Each year the number of confiscated
wild animals are increasing due to efforts put by CITES. Whenever there is Conference of
Parties, they include all the animals, birds and plants, which are on the verge of extinction in
respective appendices till the time they are out of endangered lists. Every member country
makes a survey in its geographical area, find out about these endangered species, and then
recommend these species in the meeting of Conference of Parties. It can be said that this
convention is globally successful in helping in survival of endangered species.
Bibliography

Treaty Report on CITES 6
Anon., 2016. Summary of the Sixty-sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
[Online] Available at: http://enb.iisd.org/vol21/enb2187e.html [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Anon., 2017. Appendices. [Online] Available at:
https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Anon., 2019. Conference of the Parties. [Online] Available at:
https://www.cites.org/eng/disc/cop.php [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Anon., 2019. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora. [Online] Available at: https://www.cites.org/eng/disc/what.php [Accessed 12 March
2019].
Anon., 2019. How Cites Work? [Online] Available at:
https://www.cites.org/eng/disc/how.php [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Anon., 2019. List of the Parties to the Convention. [Online] Available at:
https://www.cites.org/eng/disc/parties/index.php [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Anon., 2019. National laws for implementing the Convention. [Online] Available at:
https://cites.org/legislation [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Anon., 2019. Standing Committee. [Online] Available at:
https://www.cites.org/eng/disc/sc.php [Accessed 12 March 2019].
Sand, P.H., 1997. Whither CITES? The Evolution of a Treaty Regime in the Borderland of
Trade and Environment. European Journal of International Law, 8(1), pp.29-58.