TWELVE PREVIOUSLY UNKNOWN PHAGE GENERA ARE UBIQUITOUS IN GLOBAL

TWELVE PREVIOUSLY
UNKNOWN PHAGE
GENERA ARE
UBIQUITOUS IN GLOBAL
OCEANS

INTRODUCTION
• The viruses play an important role in the biogeochemical cycles which ranges from mortality and
nutrient cycle and to the transfer of gene. The paper highlights the phage Bacteroidetes which is
represented by the genome present in the GenBank. These bacteriodes actively inhabit the
Antarctic soil surface.

SUMMARY
• The paper implements comparative genomics which helps delineate the 12 phage groups. Each of this
group helps to represent a new genus, represent a novel and four viral families that are well known.
• It has been seen that in spite of the fact that there are 12 Cellulophaga phages which represents a new
genera, among them the podovirus and the icosahedral, nontailed ssDNA phages were exceptional. For
these the genomes were up to as twice as large as the phage type which were previously observed.

• There were experiments required in order to understand the structural novelty which were substantial in
order to identify the 83% of the structural proteins1. There is the presence of the uncommon nucleotide
metabolism genes that is present in the fur genera of the scavenging nutrient-rich molecules that are
important in having the underscores as is seen in the marine environments.
• There was also an implementation of the metagenomic recruitment analyses which helped in
suggesting that the Cellulophaga phages which are under the study are quite rare and are able to
represent the first glimpse of the phage side related to the rare biosphere. The analyses conducted also
showed that these phage genera are widespread which in turn showed that there are 94% present of
137 investigated metagenomes.
Holmfeldt, Karin, Natalie Solonenko, Manesh Shah, Kristen Corrier, Lasse Riemann, Nathan C. VerBerkmoes, and Matthew B. Sullivan. "Twelve previously unknown phage
genera are ubiquitous in global oceans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 31 (2013): 12798-12803.

The table shows the general feature of the Cellulophaga phage genera

This figure shows the percentage of shared genes existing between the 31 Cellulophaga phages.

The following figure shows the genome size comparison of the Cellulophaga phages

Conclusion
This showed that there is a diverse along with novel collection of phages which is identified as
a small however ubiquitous fraction of unknown and marine viral diversity. This provides an
environment that is numerous and is relevant to the system of phage-host that is related to
the experiment of the hypothesis testing.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Holmfeldt, Karin, Natalie Solonenko, Manesh Shah, Kristen Corrier, Lasse Riemann, Nathan C.
VerBerkmoes, and Matthew B. Sullivan. "Twelve previously unknown phage genera are
ubiquitous in global oceans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 31
(2013): 12798-12803.