Two Child Policy in India - Assignment

Running Head: Two Child Policy
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Two Child Policy
Table of Contents
Introduction........................................................................................................... 3
Population facts..................................................................................................... 4
Two Child Policy: Discussion.................................................................................. 4
Family Planning and India’s Two-Child Policy........................................................5
Two Child Policy in other countries like China.......................................................6
The situation of Two Child Policy in India...............................................................7
India policy of two children versus China’s policy of single child...........................8
Judicial View regarding the Two Child Policy..........................................................9
Overpopulation leads to a shortage of resources..................................................9
Steps to control the population...........................................................................10
If a third child born.............................................................................................. 11
Criticisms............................................................................................................. 12
Consequences of Negative Population Growth....................................................13
Discrimination of Women..................................................................................... 13
The Bottom Line.................................................................................................. 14
Conclusion........................................................................................................... 14
References........................................................................................................... 16

Two Child Policy
Introduction
India is the country whose economy is rapidly increasing in the world and it confronted many
challenges such as the unemployment, loss of the resources and the poverty. It is pertinent to
mention here that the reason for these problems is the increase in the Indian Population. As
per 1951 census reports the population of India was about 361 million. India was one of the
countries to innovate a population control plan in the year 1952 but in spite of many family
planning issues and schemes, the population of India is growing day by day(Zeng, Zhang &
Liu, 2017). It is not wrong to say that within a period of 60 years the population of India had
drastically raised from 361 million to 1.21 billion resultantly led to the loss of the sources. By
seeing the present situation, it is expected that by 2028, India will overtake China and
become the most populous country. This population growth might also lead to financial
problems in India. The population control has always been the biggest problem for India as
India from the beginning is the society dominated by males and due to the many cultural and
religious beliefs(Hvistendahl, 2015). It is relevant to mention here that all country formulate
the policies and rules planning of family according to their partialities in demographics. The
policy of two children in the planning of family as per the same, the parentages are required
to have only two children. It might decrease the rate of birth and it may stabilize the growing
number of the people, leading to the financial benefits no doubts which might be impacted
negatively. As India is among the countries that are developing, facing diverse issues such as
the determination of pre-natal sex, gender favoritism, poorness etc(Quin, 2017). It is most
important to mention here that the nation information of this policy that would damage the
condition more which excused to intrude the propagative liberties of an individual. Moreover,
the countries like China who also followed this policy had with dealt with the uncertain
sequel of changes like the unarranged ratio of sex and the abortions because of gender

Two Child Policy
characterization. Besides that, India is not much developed relative to China and also with the
low rate of literacy, is more disposed to these consequences (Zeng, Zhang & Liu, 2017).
Population facts
As per the census report of 2011, the population of India stood at 1210.2 million, which is the
17.7% increase over the 1028.70 million in 2001. The 17.7% increase in the population in the
decade of 2001-11 is lower than 21.5% increase witnessed the decade before(Dodge, 2011).
The Indian government had set up the Family Planning Associations in the year 1949
whereby initially the government of India had aimed at birth control but thereafter they
expanded their view to include the women and children welfare and for their health and
nutrition. Indian government adopted a two-child policy and the general public was
encouraged by way of may government benefits to restrain them for the family size to four
only which includes two children(Lu & Zheng, 2017). It is most important to mention here
that no doubt the success was achieved during different periods since early 50’s this matter
has been debated at a high level by the experts who hold the opinion that the family planning
measures as planned by the Government of India had failed to check the increase in
population in India.
Two Child Policy: Discussion
The policy of two children is formulated by the government of the concerned country
whereby the limit of two children was imposed upon one family. On the other hand, it can
also be said that the benefits of the government will only be limit to first two children per
family only. In today’s era, many countries have adopted this two-child policy such as China,
Hong Kong, Iran, United Kingdom (London). It is relevant to mention here that in some of
the countries it was working good but in some of the countries it was not proved as better
policy(The Lancet, 2013). No doubt it is the way to control the increasing population of the

Two Child Policy
country but it also gives rise to many other problems which as to be faced by the concerned
government. This policy has many demerits also such as reductions in the birth rates and
some sex-based solutions(Yan, 2018).
Family Planning and India’s Two-Child Policy
After the independence, the government of India became aware of the fact that there is need
to control the population growth and also to set up the family planning associations. In view
of this, the Indian government had set up the Family Planning Associations in the year 1949
whereby initially the government of India had aimed at birth control but thereafter they
expanded their view to include the women and children welfare and for their health and
nutrition. Indian government adopted a two-child policy and the general public was
encouraged by way of may government benefits to restrain them for the family size to four
only which includes two children(Lu & Zheng, 2017). It is most important to mention here
that no doubt the success was achieved during the different periods since early 50’s this
matter has been debated at the high level by the experts who hold the opinion that the family
planning measures as planned by the Government of India had failed to check the increase in
population in India. It is pertinent to mention here that during the emergency from 1975 to
1977, the Congress when in power had faced much criticism for using the coercive methods
for family planning and birth control measures, which results that people of India had voted
out the Congress party in 1977. In India nowadays also some of the states have passed the
two child policy(Gong, Xu & Caine, 2016). As till 2014, 11 states of India had passed the law
to stop the Indian Citizen for having only two children. According to this strategy of two
children, some Indian States, the people contesting in the Panchayat elections could be
treated as not qualified if they have not adopted the two-child policy. It is pertinent to
mention here that the approach for the integration of this policy is that common people

Two Child Policy
should idealize the native representatives and should take them as an example for the
planning of the family (Feng, 2014).
That it is submitted that some of the administrations have gone to a foot ahead as there are
policies in some of the states which forms the difficulty for persons who are not politicians
for having more than two children(van Hooren & Becker, 2011). Examples of these
difficulties includes rejection of administration liberties for children more than two, refusal
of care to females and babies, refusal of nutritive enhancements for females who are pregnant
for more than two children, imprisonment and punishment for fathers, a normal decrease in
societal facilities for big families, and retaining the position of government, selection and
advancement (Lin, 2017).
Two Child Policy in other countries like China
In the year 1970, the citizens of China were determined to have only one baby(Chan, 2011).
As the youngest generation of China i.e. who took birth under the policy of single child, have
become the first need for the couples mostly in the year 1979 which came for making of the
generations of the future, but the only left child will take care of his parents and the
precursors. The pursuance of this problem, in the year 2009 all of the states had allowed the
person to have two children as if both couples were only children themselves(O'Connell
Davidson, 2011). After the change in the policy of the government of China in the year 2013,
the most of the Chinese families in 2014, further tranquilized the policy by permitting the
families to have more than one child. The government of China, on October 29, 2015, made
the amendment in the prevailing law of two children policy, by making the declaration from
the Collectivist Party of China. This amended policy allowed the families for having two
children for addressing the issue of aging in China (Yarrow, 2011). Thereafter, a law was
conceded in the conference of the National People's Congress Standing Committee on 27th