Nursing Strategies for Health Literacy Improvement in Elderly Patients: A Case Study of Mrs. Reynolds

Running head: NURSING STRATEGIES
NURSING STRATEGIES
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

1NURSING STRATEGIES
Assessment task- 1
Q1) Identify two health challenges facing Australian communities?
The two major health challenges faced by Australian communities are as follows
(Aihw.gov.au, 2019):
a) Equity issues and health inequality
b) Rapid urbanisation health issues
Q2) List and explain two environmental health issues facing Australian communities?
The two primary environmental health issues faced by Australian communities are as
follows (Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet, 2019):
a) Ultraviolet radiation: sun exposure, Vitamin D and skin cancer- Compared with other
countries, Australia has a high level of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation and the excessive
exposure has been linked to various types of skin cancer.
b) Extreme weather events- Extreme weather events often have substantial social and
economic impacts and may be hazardous to human life. Resulting health effects may be
immediate and physical (such as death and injury due to bushfires), short term (for example,
loss of shelter or access to clean water due to cyclone or floods) or long term.
Q3) A) Enlist principles of primary health care and write how you would apply principles of
primary health care in practice.
There are five major principles of primary health care, which are mentioned as
follows (Aihw.gov.au, 2019):
a) Accessibility- Making sure that primary care services are available, affordable and
provided equally to all individuals irrespective of their gender, age, ethnicity or location.

2NURSING STRATEGIES
b) Public or community participation- Involving all of community’s resources in promoting
health and addressing health problems at the grass roots level.
c) Health promotion- Helping a community to strengthen the socioeconomic conditions that
contribute to good health.
d) Appropriate use of technology- Using medical technologies that are affordable, feasible
and culturally acceptable to individuals and the community.
e) Inter-sectorial collaboration- Recognizing that any community’s health and well-being
does not depend solely on effective health care services.
B) State the philosophy of the primary health care model in Australia as defined by the
WHO.
Primary health care became a core policy for WHO in 1978, with the adoption of the
Declaration of Alma-Ata and the strategy of "Health for all by the year 2000" (Who.int,
2019). It is useful to understand primary health care as involving both core principles and a
variable set of basic activities.
Q4) List 4 reasons that can lead a person to become confused.
The reason that can lead a person to become confused are as follows (nhs.uk, 2019):
a) A stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
b) Head injury
c) Alcohol poisoning or alcohol withdrawal
d) Certain prescription medicines

3NURSING STRATEGIES
Q5) explain the pathophysiology of dementia and state two types of dementia.
Vascular disease is mainly caused by hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis) due to
a thickening of the artery lining from fatty deposits or plaques (atheroma). Vascular disease
may manifest acutely when thrombi, emboli, or acute trauma compromises perfusion
(Alzheimer's Society, 2019).
Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are two types of dementia.
Q6) Give 2 nursing diagnosis that will apply to the person with dementia and identify for
each diagnosis two nursing interventions (care of a person with dementia)
The two nursing diagnosis with their interventions for dementia are as follows
(Bickford et al., 2019):
a) Enhancement of socialization and fulfilment of intimacy needs- The nursing intervention
are:
 Use touching to maintain contact with patient. Tactile stimulation is easiest to
interpret.
 Introduce the family members and friends using names which is familiar to the patient
b) Maintenance of a balance of sleep and activity- The nursing intervention are:
 Avoid use of restraints
 Design a balanced schedule of activity / sleep
Q7) what is the emergency and first aid management for the following conditions and injury:
The emergency and first aid management for the following conditions and injury are
(Ww2.health.wa.gov.au, 2019):