Explore the scope of key UK and worldwide tourist destinations, analyzing visitor numbers, income generation, cultural, social, and physical features, and future trends. Understand how destination characteristics affect appeal to tourists and issues affecting popularity.
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1 UK and Worldwide Tourist Destinations
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2 Table of Contents Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................................4 Task 1...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................4 LO1 Understand the scope of key UK and worldwide tourist destinations.................................................................................................................4 1.1 Analyse the main tourist destinations, at least top 10 destinations and to include the main generators in the world in terms of visitor numbers and income generation e.g. identify number of visitors, visitor nights per visit and spending by purpose - comparing 2016 to 2015....4 Why are the countries in that order of most visited…? E.g. France is the most visited country in the world because…....................................6 Why do people spend more in certain countries…?.............................................................................................................................................7 Why do some countries attract visitors from certain countries…?.......................................................................................................................7 Does the data differ for each of the years (’15 / ’16)? If so why do you think this is?.........................................................................................8 Choose 1 country and explain, from the statistics, the possible reasons for the trends. Statistics for 2-5 years’ period or longer can be used to analyse trends. Ensure that you use the most recent data.........................................................................................................................................8 What future trends will there be for the country: tourist numbers, generating regions… and why…? (100-150 words)......................................10 Assessment: LO 2.......................................................................................................................................................................................................11 2.1:Analyse cultural, social and physical features of tourist destinations explaining their appeal to tourists.......................................................11 2.2 Compare features of developing and leading tourist destinations.You must choose a specific developing and leading tourist destination..12 LO3 Understand how the characteristics of destinations affect their appeal to tourists............................................................................................13
3 3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with that of currently developing tourist destinations.........................................13 3.2 Evaluate how characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal.............................................................................................................18 LO4 Understand issues likely to affect the popularity of tourist destinations...........................................................................................................19 4.1 Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations.......................................................................................................................19 4.2 Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourist destinations...........................................20 Conclusion..................................................................................................................................................................................................................21 Reference list..............................................................................................................................................................................................................22
4 Introduction The tourism sector is gaining the top most position among all the section of the hospitality industry.The tourism sector is there to satisfy the utmost quest of the tourist to know about their target field. In this section, the national economy is vastly impacted by this revenue of this tourism sector. For this reason the government puts special focus to improve the tourism sector in order to create the positive image of the country to the international tourism sector.The aim of the assignment is to describe the major tourist’s destinations in the world and specially the United Kingdom. Now a day the USA, Africa, Middle East, Indian Ocean, The Far East, The south pacific and others in the hit lists. Virgin Holidays Ltd. which is situated in Crawley, West Sussex, is offering the special worldwide holiday packages to attract the international tourists
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5 Task 1 LO1 Understand the scope of key UK and worldwide tourist destinations Virgin Holidays Ltd. is the subsidiaries company of the Virgin Group, and now holding the top most position to the tourism industry of United Kingdom. This report is the description of the world tourists from the view point of a junior product analyst of the company Virgin Holidays Ltd. The company is offering the special trip to the 5 main tourist destinations of the world in accordance with the visitor numbers and income generation. 1.1 Analyse the main tourist destinations, at least top 10 destinations and to include the main generators in the world in terms of visitor numbers and income generation e.g. identify number of visitors, visitor nights per visit and spending by purpose - comparing 2016 to 2015 Complete the following table of the Top 10 most visited tourist destinations in 2016: R a n k Country‘15 (M) ’16 (M) visitor nights pervisit ‘15 visitor nightsper visit ’16 Total Spending ’15 ($bn) Total Spending ’16 ($bn) Spending by Purpose ‘15 Spending by Purpose ‘16 Wherearethetourists from?(generating regions) ‘15 Where are the tourists from?(generating regions) ‘16 1France84.582.626.6N.A.39.340.5N.A.US$41 billion France France, Belgium , 2U.S.A77.575.674.0N.A.114.7123.6N.A.US$122 billion France,Japan,USA USA,France,Japan 3Spain68.575.663.7068.20153.3158.9N.A.N.A.Belgium , FranceBelgium , France
6 4China56.959.350.7456.12249.8261.1N.A.US$261 billion Hong Kong 79.45 Macau 22.89 Taiwan5.51 USA 2.03 Russia 1.58 Hong Kong 81.06 Macau 23.50 Taiwan 5.74 5Italy50.752.427.928.724.425.0N.A.N.A.France, Belgium , France,USA,Japan 6U.K.34.435.864.269.463.363.6N.A.US$64 billion Spain- 39.8 France 39.6 Germany 9.8 Ireland 9.8 (In millions) France4.06, Germany3.34, republicofIreland 2.89, Spain 2.39, Belgium1.04 Netherlands 2.06 7Germany35.035.683.7N.A.72.479.74N.A.US$81 billion France,JapanFrance ,Belgium , 8Mexico32.135.028.2429.93283.4(Eur o) 286.6(Eur o) N.A.N.A.N.A. N.A. 9Thailand29.932.619.5921.47N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A. N.A.
7 1 0 Turkey39.5???11.9111.95N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A. N.A. 1.1Analyse the table, Why are the countries in that order of most visited…? Franceis the most visited country in the world because the variety of tastes to satisfy various types of tourists is there.There are six major tourists’ destinations to catch the attraction of the tourists. The city of light which gains the tourist over 30 million in the year 2016 is the centre of attraction in France. The second one is the multiple views of the sun, sea and the mountains in different time and season (Joshiet al., 2017). Didier Arino, the president of tourism industry of France stated that the strategic locations of France which is best for the summer. The food, history, culture, art and behaviour are another reason to increase the tourist’s number and the income. Major number of tourists used to visitUSAto see the Hail Caesar, National Park, Pearl Harbour, the National Blues Museum and others. In this context, USA is famous for the Nantucket Wine Festival and the universal studio of Hollywood. There are more than 32,000 museums in accordance with the US government report. The macaroni, fried chicken, cheese and others delicious American dishes along with the Mexican food is another reason to bring the tourist to visit this country. Spainis the most visited country in the world because the tourist can enjoy the trip in very low cost (Huete-Alcoceret al.,2018). Spain is the collection of pearl cities like Madrid, Valencia, Malaga, Madrid, Seville and others. Spain is also known as the cultural giant for its paintings and architecture. Chinais the 4thmost visited country because it has the breath taking scenario and landscape along with the amazing food culture. However Chinese food is in the top rank of world food list. Another reason behind this tourist generator is the Chinese product and terracotta designs.
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8 United Kingdomis the 6thmost visited country because of the natural sceneries and bright history of England. The world class events and festivals are there to catch the attraction of the tourist. Why do people spend more in certain countries…? People used to spend more time in France to enjoy the mild climate to visit the tourists’ destinations which are enriched with the ancient art and culture. On the other hand, the reason behind the long spending time of the tourists in USA is the gathering of museums which are the source to gain the world historical knowledge. Secondly the flora and fauna of the country which are best suited for each and every tourist. The reason for the long spending period of time in Spain is the incredible collections of the art and culture which are enough to present the value of the country in front of the international tourism sector. The tourists used to spend more time in the country Chine because of the scenic beauty and suitable atmosphere of the country which is alone there to welcome the tourists. Lastly United Kingdom is no gaining the popularity in the international tourism sector with the precious historical collection and natural beauty. Why do some countries attract visitors from certain countries…? France has 39 sites which are on the Unesco’s World Heritage lists. The Monalisa has more than 34,560 artworks, artifacts to bring more than 9.7 million tourists in the year 2016. USA is enriched with the tourists spots innumerable museums, several types of cuisine and others. The tourists from Taiwan, usa, Russia used to visit China to enjoy the scenic beauty, world famous foods, highly technical equipments and others of China. United Kingdom attracts the major portion of the tourists from the country Spain, Germany, Netherland, France and others. Does the data differ for each of the years (’15 / ’16)? If so why do you think this is? From the above table of data, it can be said that, the tourists number is varies in the year 2015 and 2016. In general, the data from 2015 to 2016 is in the rising mode. For example, in the year 2015, china there is 56.9 million visitors to visit the country whereas the year 2016 gives 59.3 million visitors. On the other hand, United Kingdom welcomes 34.4 million tourists in 2015 and 35.8 million tourists in the year 2016.
9 Choose 1 country and explain, from the statistics, the possible reasons for the trends. Statistics for 2-5 years’ period or longer can be used to analyse trends. Ensure that you use the most recent data. Country: United Kingdom, London 20162015201420132012 Visitor Numbers35.634.433.332.6931.08 Visitor nights per visit69.464.259.252.149.3 Average Spend63.663.361.558.851.3 Spending by purpose In billion 64N.A.453932 Tourist generating Regions (TGR’s) –where tourists are from! France4.06, Germany 3.34 , republic of Ireland 2.89, Spain 2.39, France4.06, Germany 3.34 , republicof Ireland 2.89, Spain 2.39, Germany, France, Italy Spain And others Belgium Republicof Ireland And others .........
10 Belgium 1.04 Netherlands 2.06 Belgium1.04 Netherlands 2.06 Other data / informationBlueplanet aquarium, Towerof London British museum Natural history museum And others. samesamesamesame 1.2 Explain any patterns / trends in respect of the data; are there any differences in the data for the years, if so why…? What future trends will there be for the country: tourist numbers, generating regions… and why…? The report of last five years shows the uprising number of tourists in the country United Kingdom.Virgin holidays Ltd. takes the country united kingdom as the centre to create their holiday packages (Waligoet al., 2015). In order to explain the future trend of the tourist in this country, the given data is very helpful. However, the data shows the rising format in every single year. Therefore the transportation system of the country is
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11 preparing their service to cope up with the future growth in the tourism sector. In accordance with the statistical report, the year 2020 will welcome a hike of 4.7% of the tourists number, which will increase the revenue towards£23.6 million and approximately 8.9% hike in the GDP of the country in this section. The report of UNTWO shows that the international tourism number is growing to reach the number of 43 million in coming year. Though the report expecting that Asia and Pacific will welcome nearabout 331 million to 535 million within the year 2030. Conclusion The statistical report of the internal tourism is to present the uprising graph of the tourists number in the top ranked countries in the world. This report is very helpful for tour operators and the external stakeholders of the tourism service also. However this will enable them to get the exact information to set or plan an holiday package.
12 Assessment: LO 2Understand the cultural, social and physical features of tourist destinations 2.1:Analyse cultural, social and physical features of tourist destinations explaining their appeal to tourists Virgin Holiday Ltd. has arranged many a packages to provide the attractive holiday packages to visit the famous country like china and United Kingdom. CulturalUnited Kingdom:Amsterdam, New York, Paris and Berlin are there to present the culture of England. The British Museum, Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park and others comes under this cultural section of UK tourism. The theatres, art galleries, exhibitions, festivals and others come under this cultural section of tourism industry. China:In order to describe the cultural side of the tourism sector of the country china, Tibet comes in the first place to attract the visitor to enjoy the cultural factor of the china (Huibinet al.,2018). The culture of Buddhism is the pride of china. The above mentioned sites and factors are important to the cultural section of both the countries because there are
13 there to present the authentic culture and traditional values or ethos of the countries. SocialUnited kingdom:The social part of the country consists of several national games and festival of the country. The hallmark events and occasional events are also included to get the attraction of the tourists. China:The social section of the Chinese tourism industry included the heritage sites, the local infrastructure, cultural programme and others festivals to present the society of the country. National games of UK are mainly there to attract the tourists to visit their country. Another part of this section is the food festival of both countries which are o f world class. PhysicalThe physical characteristics of the country United Kingdom scenic view of the mountains, the national parks and other natural beauties to gain the highest tourist percentages (Hristovand Petrova, 2018). Chine is there for the special beauty of the country and the special and innovative creation of the engineering industry of the country. The physical features of these two countries are famous because these are in the current trend and demand of the tourism industry. The present tourists are fond of this physical beauty of the country to gain more and more k knowledge. 2.2 Compare features of developing and leading tourist destinations.You must choose a specific developing and leading tourist destination. FeaturesCountry: united kingdomCountry: china CulturalThe award of the William Morris gallery, the world heritage sites list of England, the special trip named ‘culture and heritage’ is in the Tibet is the main reason to attract the tourist to enjoy the cultural value of the country (Tseand Prideaux,
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14 centre.2017). The regional culture is also important to gain the favour of the tourists. SocialThe architecture and heritage sites of the country UK is the centre of attraction to the tourists. The wine festival and other seasonal games are the reason behind the developing number of the tourists. The massive population of the country is the country is mainly responsible to present the multiple dialect andtradition.Theinnumerouscommunityand social ethics are present in the country china. PhysicalThe scenic beauty and mountains including the national park and the arrangementofwildsafariistheretogaintheinterestothe international tourists to visit the country United Kingdom (Timothy, 2017). The physical feature of China comprising with wild sanctuaries, the natural resources and others. LO3 Understand how the characteristics of destinations affect their appeal to tourists 3.1 Compare the appeal of current leading tourist destinations with that of currently developing tourist destinations There are lots of differences between current leading tourist destination and current developing tourist destinations. According to the case study, Virgin holidays always provide their services to every tourist destinations whether it is developed or developing. There are many key factors that should provide to discuss the comparison between both destinations. In order to complete the comparison a table has been organized between recent developing tourist destinations and current leading destinations. FactorsCurrentleadingtourist destinations Currentlydevelopingtourist destinations PhysicalMost of the current leading tourist destination has all kinds of physical Most of the currently developing tourist destinationssuchasEgypt,Tunisia,
15 features that needed for a traveller (BenurandBramwell,2015).In order to satisfy a tourist, from hotel brands to government of a country all provide physical features such as proper water supply, transport availability,luxuryhotelsand resorts, accommodation and many more.Asoneofmajortour operatorofUnitedKingdom, Virgin Holidays promise each and everyphysicalfeaturetotheir customers.Currentleading destinationssuchasEngland, Wales and others all of them are developedintermsofproviding physical facilities to their tourist. Palestine and others, all of them are still lackingofphysicalfeatures.Some places lacking of water supply and again some places lacking of proper transport service. Without proper physical features thesecountriesarehavinglotsof problemsinthetravelandtourist sectors. Virgin Holidays also lacking to provide services in these places, as most of the tourist are attracting in to the developed destinations. EconomicEconomic condition of most of the developedtouristdestinationsis welloptimizedandorganized. Government of all those countries alwaystaketravelandtourism On the other hand, in the developing tourist countries are facing several issues with their economic situation. As a result thesedestinationsarehavinglotsof trouble to attract travellers (Rodríguez-
16 sector as one of key part of their economic condition. In the places like England, Wales and others, UK government always provide all kind of supports to travel and tourism sector.RecentlyBREXIThas reduced the value of pound which madelotsofchangesinthe economicconditionofUnited Kingdom.Thisparticularchange also produced a huge support to the travel and tourism sector of UK. Peoplefromothercountriesare nowabletovisitseveralUK countrieswithinasmallbudget. AdditionallyVirginHolidayalso providingtheirholidaypackages within a minimum cost. Molinaetal.,2015).Countrieslike Egypt, Palestine and others have poor economic condition and they are also facing issues in order to develop their tourist destinations. This also promote badimageofthecountrytothe economic world. This situation can be handled by proper economic strategies andtodosothesecountriesmust increasetheirworkingforcewith experiencedandtrainedaccountant. Economicgrowthinthegovernment always takes major part of travel and tourism sector. PoliticalPoliticalissuesarealsooneof major part of travel and tourism sector as it make lots of impact on it.Alltheleadingtourism Withhavingpoorpoliticalsupport Egypt, Palestine and other countries are stillbackwardintermoftraveland tourismsector.Politicalcorruption
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17 destinations are well developed in terms of political factor. Countries likeEngland,Walesandother European countries are corruption freeasitattractsmostofthe travellers from all over the world. Proper political factors also provide all types of safety and security to thevisitors.Intherecent generation,allthepeoplefirstly analyse about the destination before visit and people can get all types of information from internet. always provides negative impact on the country’s image. It also decreases the numberoftravellersinthese destinations. In order to overcome this situation,developingcountriesmust work on their political issues. Because a proper political support always increase theattractionoftourismsectorina country. SocietalOne of biggest factor of leading tourismdestinationissocietal factor (Chunget al.,2015). If a country has the best communication channels then they can get massive numberofvisitorstotheir destinations.Ontheotherhand, countrieswithhavingminimum Countrieswithhavingless communication always been through lots ofissueswiththeirtourismsector. People always want places where they can visit easily and communicate with their family easily. Such issues of the country always provide negative impact in the tourism sector. On the other hand,
18 number of poverty and high life expectationalsoincreasetheir tourismbusiness.Peoplealways attract to those places where they cangetopportunitiesfortheir survival and this also makes that country socially powerful. Most of the destinations of United Kingdom are poverty free which also give a boost in their travel and tourism sector. Places like England, Spain, Italy and more are leading tourism destinations, these places are very easy to reach and people got no issues with their communication. ifadestinationishavingpopulation issuesthenitcan also failtoattract people.Inordertodeveloptourism sector, each destinations must organize theircountryandincreasetheir communication channel. This is one of the major ways which can increase the tourism sector of a particular country. 3.2 Evaluate how characteristics of a tourist destination affect its appeal Given case study of this assignment observed that some of vital characteristics of tourism destinations making several impacts on the demand of this industry. These vital characteristics also affecting the demand of leading tourism destinations along with developed tourism destinations. There are four key factors that analysed for better understanding. Those four key factors are physical, economic, political and societal.
19 In terms of physical factors if a country is having lots of physical features in their tourism destination then a large number of travellers will attract to visit those destinations. Destinations like China, UK and others are the key that have availability of proper physical features (Prayaget al.,2017). Some features like luxury hotels, supply of water and food, proper transport system and many more. These features are important for tourism destinations as these are the minimum requirement for normal people. Economic condition of a tourism destination always provides impact on their tourism industry. In terms of UK government, BREXIT recently decreased the value of pound which helps all the travellers in a different ways. People are likely to visit destinations from UK more than any other destination. In terms of China, they are that country who have strongest economic situation in all over the world. This also provides huge impact on the tourism destinations of China. UK is one of that places where the political power is one of their strongest factor. This is also a key reason why people from entire world attract to visit places from United Kingdom more. Political factors also provide safety to the visitors as political parties make sure that the visitors are having their best time. In terms of China the situation is also same, as they are also one of the strongest countries where the political situation is very powerful. Another biggest factor of tourism destination is the societal factor. If a country is having best communication channels then those destinations can have large number of tourists as well. China and UK are those places where communication channel is their strength and accordingly tourist destinations of their country also making positive impacts in the travel and tourism sector. LO4 Understand issues likely to affect the popularity of tourist destinations 4.1 Analyse issues that affect the popularity of tourist destinations Being a leading tourist destination United Kingdom always has to very concern with their image of tourism sector to entire world. Still some of the places where they also fail to impress visitor. Some of the issues which affecting the popularity of UK tourist destinations are,
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20 Environmental Impact:Each and every destinations of United Kingdom are having a large number of visitors per year (Horner and Swarbrooke, 2016). As a result these destinations also have to goes through from several pollution issues. Such pollution can affect the tourism sector in a major basis. London is one of them which destination is having such issues with the excess of visitors every year. In order to solve this situation Government of United Kingdom must implement different strategies which can reduce the pollution. High investment:In order to build proper physical structure of a tourism destination, government of this country must increase their investment in to the travel and tourism sector. On the hand it is also affecting the economic situation of that country as well. London is one of a historic place where the government have to invest a large amount of money to maintain all those historic testimonials. As a result UK government has to face little bit downfall in their economy situation. Social riots:Social Riots is a major factor which leads political instability in the United Kingdom. In the year of 2011, London has to face social riots because of the economic disaster and this situation also promoted negative impression in the UK tourism sector (Wooet al.,2015). This issue also decreased the number of visitors in the London as well. Tourism leakage:Another major factor of tourism sector which affect the economic situation is tourism leakage. In terms of UK tourism sector, 80% of the income goes to the airlines, luxury hotels, coffee shops and other business and rest goes to the government. 50% of the goods and services of UK tourism sector are come from outside of United Kingdom. All those products have to purchase by UK government. 4.2 Discuss the potential for responsible tourism to enhance the host community at worldwide tourist destinations The actions from travel and tourism sectors also take a huge part in order to decrease the bad impacts in the culture, economy condition and social life of certain destinations. Such actions like employment in the tourism sector, different local business to large business and other services.
21 Tourist destinations must analyse employment services of their industry. United Kingdom is a place where out of 12 people at least 1 from the tourism industry. In order to increase the number of employees in this industry UK must promote their tourism business in all over the world. This way people can increase their attraction to do business with UK tourism sector. With proper promotion UK can have big business in their destinations (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). On the other hand, China already a developed country in terms of tourism industry and they also have large number of employees in this industry. By enhancing economic condition of a tourism destination, they can make a positive image to all over the world. If a country is having lots of issues with their economy situation, then people are going to ignore that particular country. UK and China, economy condition of both places are strong enough to provide all kind of facilities to their visitors. Additionally this factor also promises all types of safety and security to their visitors. This also makes a positive impact of UK and China in the tourism industry. In terms of Virgin Holidays, this is one of leading Tour Operator Company of United Kingdom. This company also make lots of impacts in the UK tourism industry. With observing all factors of the travel and tourism industry Virgin Holidays also making lots of changes in their business. This way this company can improve their services towards their customers. Apart from all of these, this company also maintaining proper discipline in the tourism industry (Chew and Jahari, 2014). Not only Virgin Holidays, there are also lots of other tour operator company of United Kingdom is maintaining all kinds of factors in order to improve their business. In addition these companies are also promoting UK tourism industry to all over the world.
22 Conclusion The complete statistical report of the world tourism industry is the key point to get the complete idea about the important tourists destinations in accordance with the tourists number generator and to gain the attractive revenue from this service sector. The home page of the tour operator Virgin Holidays Ltd. is overloaded with many attractive holiday packages to serve the world trip. The strategy of this tour operator is to sell the holiday packages with some discounts.The top ranked countries are there to provide the appropriate strategy and maintenance service to the start-up tour operators.
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23 Reference list Benur, A.M. and Bramwell, B., 2015. Tourism product development and product diversification in destinations.Tourism Management,50, pp.213-224. Chew, E.Y.T. and Jahari, S.A., 2014. Destination image as a mediator between perceived risks and revisit intention: A case of post-disaster Japan.Tourism Management,40, pp.382-393. Chung, N., Han, H. and Joun, Y., 2015. Tourists’ intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site.Computers in Human Behavior,50, pp.588-599. Horner, S. and Swarbrooke, J., 2016.Consumer behaviour in tourism. Routledge. Hristov, D. and Petrova, P., 2018. Destination management plans–a new approach to managing destinations in England: evidence from Milton Keynes.Current Issues in Tourism,21(2), pp.133-153. Huete-Alcocer, N., Martínez-Ruiz, M.P. and López-Ruiz, V.R., 2018. Assessing the Use of Archaeological Sites as Cultural Tourism Resources: The Case of Segóbriga (Spain). InHandbook of Research on Technological Developments for Cultural Heritage and eTourism Applications(pp. 173-190). IGI Global. Huibin, X., Marzuki, A. and Kostopoulou, S., 2018. Destination Brand-Building of Cultural Heritage Tourism.Digital Marketing and Consumer Engagement: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, p.278. Joshi, O., Poudyal, N.C. and Larson, L.R., 2017. The influence of sociopolitical, natural, and cultural factors on international tourism growth: a cross-country panel analysis.Environment, Development and Sustainability,19(3), pp.825-838.
24 Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015.Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism in the third world. Routledge. Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Muskat, B. and Del Chiappa, G., 2017. Understanding the relationships between tourists’ emotional experiences, perceived overall image, satisfaction, and intention to recommend.Journal of Travel Research,56(1), pp.41-54. Rodríguez-Molina, M.A., Frías-Jamilena, D.M. and Castañeda-García, J.A., 2015. The contribution of website design to the generation of tourist destination image: The moderating effect of involvement.Tourism Management,47, pp.303-317. Timothy, D.J. ed., 2017.Managing heritage and cultural tourism resources: Critical essays, Volume one. Routledge. Tse, T.S. and Prideaux, B., 2017. Tourism planning requirements from a private sector perspective: the case of Hong Kong.Current Issues in Tourism,20(12), pp.1210-1214. Waligo, V., Clarke, J. and Hawkins, R., 2015. Embedding stakeholders in sustainable tourism strategies.Annals of Tourism Research,55, pp.90- 93. Woo, E., Kim, H. and Uysal, M., 2015. Life satisfaction and support for tourism development.Annals of Tourism Research,50, pp.84-97.
25 Appendixes
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