Demand and Supply Equilibrium in UK during November and December
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This report analyzes the demand and supply equilibrium in the UK during November and December, focusing on the shortage of Christmas products due to a decrease in the supply of raw materials. It also discusses the factors affecting demand and supply and presents hand-made diagrams to support the elasticity of supply and demand of Christmas products.
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Situation of UK November and December
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2 MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................2 1 A basic supply and demand equilibrium diagrams...................................................................2 2 Supply shifting to the right.......................................................................................................3 3 Supply to the left.......................................................................................................................4 4 Demand to the right..................................................................................................................5 5 Demand to the left....................................................................................................................6 6 Elastic supply............................................................................................................................7 7 Inelastic supply.........................................................................................................................8 8 Elastic demand..........................................................................................................................9 9 Inelastic demand.....................................................................................................................10 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
INTRODUCTION The demand and supply of product can be affected by many factors so that it can change rightwards and leftwards direction according to the market price (Arshed and Kalim, 2021). The presents report is based on the situations of UK in the month November and December in which there are many Christmas products are getting shortage because the supply of raw material are comparative less. Also, report identifying the factor by which demand and supply are affected and then applying the hand made diagram of different situation in the market. Further, study will support the elasticity of the supply and demand of Christmas products with the help of presenting diagrams. MAIN BODY 1A basic supply and demand equilibrium diagrams Equilibrium in Demand & Supply Curve The demand curve is showings relationship between price and quantity demanded on the basis of given market. Also, supply curve are related to graphical representations which are helps to provide correlations between cost of goods soldon the basis of given period. According to case study it has been analysed that the demand of Christmas product are increasing in the year 2021 are increasing but the supply of raw materials are decreases. On the basis of present diagram it has been analysed that in the diagram it shows the supply curve in which price will appear in the left vertical axis and on the others hand supply of quantity is appeared on the D S Q P E
horizontal axis. At the points of demand and supply curve are meet it will help to provide the point of equilibrium in which quantity demanded and supply of the product are equal buts the price of the product are constant at that situation (Brinca, Duarte and Faria-e-Castro, 2020). However, it has been identified that there is inverse relationship for the price of good and supply but when the price of the goods are increases whereas the demand are remained same. Also, it affects the demand and supply equilibrium by decreasing the price and increasing the quantity of product. 2Supply shifting to the right Right Shift in Supply In the economy it has been described that there when the goods and services of the products are change output or productions it affects the supply curve. When the market is imbalance it leads the supply curve in right direction because the price of the product are decreases on the basis of availability factors such as change in tax, weathers, consumers reference etc (Bryan and Connor, 2018). The other reason are related to the change in non-price factor such as increasing the number of seller in market, then the technology levels are increasing in order to change by considering the different factors. On the basis of present case study it has been analysed that at the time of Christmas there are increasing the demands of gifts product but at the same time price are increasing just because pandemic. On the other hand, the demand of medical products are increasing in the pandemics at that time there are more firms which are offering the same product so the price of the products are comparatively less so the supply has P Q S1 S2
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directly increases and it has shifted to right ward direction. According to the above diagram it has been presented that due to other factor the supply curve shifts S1 to S2. When the price of the product is constant but other factors are change such as technology, preference of consumers, environmental factor etc (Reynolds and Sethi, 2021). 3Supply to the left Left Shift in Supply There are different factors which are affect the supply curve in the leftward directions because when there is increasing the price of product it directly affects the supply in order to shift in the left ward direction. At that situation people think the prices of the products are high, and they not to choose to buy the product. On the basis of case study it has been presented that there were fewer sellers who have product in the year 2021 so due to less supply of raw material it affects the less supply of finished good. This also impacted negative in the economy which are affected the price of the product. The price of product is increases due to less supply. On the basis of above diagram it has been analysed that supply curve shifts S1 to S2 in which it shows the price of the product is remains constant. P Q S1 S2
4Demand to the right Right Shiftin Demand Curve There are many determinants that cause demand to increase and in which price of products is remained same but due to other factor it will increase. Also, in the economy if the income of the consumers is increases at the same time consumer can easy to buy the products by considering the product can be easily afforded by them (Del Negro, Primiceri and Tambalotti, 2020). So, the demands of the product will directly increases and it causes the curve shift in rightward direction. In this situation consumer can buy the products in the large quantity. On the basis of above case study it has been identified at the time Christmas the demands of gifts are increasing in order to consider the major festivals. Further, the demand of product is increasing that directly helps to increasing the productivity of the product. From the above diagram it has been analysed that there are price of the product is remained same but due to other factor such as occasion helps to attract the customer and increasing the demand of the products as shown in picture the curve shifts D1 to D2. D1 D 2 P Q
5Demand to the left Right Shiftin Demand Curve There are different factors which are affect the demand curve in the leftward directions because when there is increasing the price of product it directly affects the demand in order to shift in the left ward direction. There are different situations that are affect demand curve such as when the income of the consumer is decreases its causes the demand of products will also decreases because at that time it may be causes that consumer thought they will not afford the same time at that time they would like to shift on the inferior goods (Goyal and Kumar, 2021). Due to pandemics there are many people who have lost their job at the same time they want to celebrate Christmas as well but they do not have enough money to spent on gifts so the demand of the goods are decreases. According to the above picture it has been analysed that due to many reasons the demands curve is shifted to leftward direction from D to D1. Also, it may be possible that the demand of the product may be change due to complementary goods that is consumer shift to other goods. D1 P Q D
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6Elastic supply Elasticity of supply Price elasticity refers to the situation in which there are quantity supplied is change due to change in price. It can be presented in the numerical form in which there are related to percentage change in quantity supplied that are divided by the percentage change in price. There are some causes which is need to measure on the basis of producer or industry change the demand of the product. Also, the availability of the critical resources is related to the technology, competitors and innovation. The price of the commodity is related to the major factor that can be control on the basis of supply (Ilk, Shang and Zhao, 2021).Further, it has been identified that there are some of the situation in which technology innovation is the major factor that can be run in order to work more efficient so that the production of goods are help to reduces the cost and it will helps to allows for larger production at lows price. From the above diagram it has been identified that the price of the commodity will shows on the basis of Vertical line and on the others and horizontal axis will show quantity supplied and the factor are change accordingly. P Q S
7Inelastic supply inelasticity of supply Inelastic supply refers to the situations in which the percentage change supply is less than the percentage change in price. The goods which are belongs to inelastic are known as necessities and the impact on demand of the consumer also the supply of goods are willing to buy or not. Some common example are related to the inelastic goods such as gasoline, water, food housing. This is meant that inelastic supply is able to make production on the same rate where the price of goods can be easy to pay by consumer on the basis of market pay (Khalafi, 2021.). For example, soft drink are not necessary for livings so at the same time the price of soft drink are increasing at highs rate if affect the choice of consumers in order to shifts to other brand. In this situation consumer is not totally depend on one brand because they haves the mindsets in order to shift to other brand. From the above diagram it has been identified that the price of the commodity will shows on the basis of Vertical line and on the others and horizontal axis will show quantity supplied and the factor are change accordingly. P Q S
8Elastic demand Elasticity of demand Price elasticity refers to the situation in which there are quantity demanded is change due to change in price. It can be presented in the numerical form in which there are related to percentage change in quantity demanded that are divided by the percentage change in price. There are some causes which is need to measure on the basis of producer or industry change the supply of the product. Also, the availability of the critical resources is related to the technology, competitors and innovation (Lux and Pfluger, 2020). The change in demand can be on the basis oftechnologybecausewhenorganisationsadoptnewtechnologyitcanproducemore commodities and because of this it can attract large number of customer. Also, it helps to build this good brand image of the company by increasing the productivity. From the above diagram it has been identified that the price of the commodity will shows on the basis of Vertical line and on the others and horizontal axis will show quantity deamnded and the factor are change accordingly. P Q D
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9Inelastic demand inelasticity of demand Inelastic supply refers to the situations in which the percentage change supply is less than the percentage change in price. The goods which are belongs to inelastic are known as necessities and the impact on demand of the consumer also the supply of goods are willing to buy or not. Some common example are related to the inelastic goods such as gasoline, water, food housing. This is also help to create the formula of value greater than 1 and the demand is elastic and in this situation quantity changes is faster than the price. When the value is less than 1 it wills shows the demand is inelastic. For examples, if the price of Patrols is high then the quantity demanded wills remain change because it is the necessity of people. In context to organisation it has been analysed that there are when the firm deal with inelastic it can increases the prices and able to get more profit (Naqellari, 2020). CONCLUSION It has been concluded that there are different situations in market that affect the demand and supply of the product also some of the major factors in order to change in quantity, price, technology, weathers etc. Also, report discussed demand and supply curves, elastics and inelastic demand, shift in supply and demand curve. Furthers, report presented the diagram that shoes the situation of demand and supply with the help of example. P Q D
REFERENCES Books and journals Arshed,N.andKalim,R.,2021.ModellingdemandandsupplyofIslamicbanking deposits.International Journal of Finance & Economics,26(2). pp.2813-2831. Brinca, P., Duarte, J.B. and Faria-e-Castro, M., 2020. Measuring sectoral supply and demand shocks during COVID-19.Frb st. louis working paper, (2020-011). Bryan, B.A., Ye, Y. and Connor, J.D., 2018. Land-use change impacts on ecosystem services value: Incorporating the scarcity effects of supply and demand dynamics.Ecosystem services.32. pp.144-157. de Gorter, H., Drabik, D., Just, D.R., Reynolds, C. and Sethi, G., 2021. Analyzing the economics of food loss and waste reductions in a food supply chain.Food Policy.98.p.101953. Del Negro, Primiceri, G.E. and Tambalotti, A., 2020.What’s up with the Phillips Curve?(No. w27003). National Bureau of Economic Research. Goyal, A. and Kumar, A., 2021. Asymmetry, terms of trade and the aggregate supply curve in an open economy model.The Journal of Economic Asymmetries.24.p.e00206. Ilk, N., Shang, G.,and Zhao, J.L., 2021. STABILITY OF TRANSACTION FEES IN BITCOIN: A SUPPLY AND DEMAND PERSPECTIVE.MIS Quarterly,45(2). Khalafi, M., 2021.Predicting supply curve of electricity in an intra-day market using state-space models and sequential markov chain monte carlo methods(Doctoral dissertation). Lux, B. and Pfluger, B., 2020. A supply curve of electricity-based hydrogen in a decarbonized European energy system in 2050.Applied Energy.269. p.115011. Naqellari, A., 2020. Market Model with Positive Demand Curve Overthrows Marxist and Keynesian Model.Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies.9(3). pp.59-59.