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Abstract
People often come across situations where they need to keep a watch over prohibited areas to
avoid trespassing. Now keeping human labor for this purpose is costly and also not reliable for
keeping a watch over an area 24hours, 7 days a week. One would require a huge labor force for
efficient security. Therefore, for this purpose an ultrasonic radar project for unauthorized human /
animal or object detection system was established. This system can monitor an area of limited
range and alerts authorities with a buzzer as an alarm. For this purpose people use a
microcontroller circuit that is connected to an ultrasonic sensor mounted on a servo motor for
monitoring as the simple ultrasonic radar system model.
Experts also interface a buzzer and liquid display (LCD) screen for monitoring the detection
status. The radar keeps monitoring the environment checking the ultrasonic sensor echo. As soon
as an object is detected the data of detection is processed and sent to authorities with an alert of
where exactly the object was detected. Thus ultrasonic radar proves to be a very useful system
for 24×7 monitoring of a particular area or region.
The ultrasonic radar system involves a transmitter and a receiver that have been mounted on a
rotating motor that allows the sensor to go through a 180 degrees radar. Some motors even allow
up to 360 degrees radar. A change in the reflected energy pattern is detected by a transmitting
device from the ultrasonic sound energy that is transmitted back, indicating the presence of an
object in the area of interest. The system therefore works on an echo principle. A microcontroller
thereafter receives these queer signals and observes the receiver output continuously. Once the
distance is calculated, the microcontroller checks whether the object is within the prohibited area
range and old systems used to initiate an alarm to alert authorities, but modern systems have a
display unit showing an image of the object.

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Ultrasonic Radar Security System: Object Detection and Monitoring

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