Leading Change in Various Contexts

This assignment delves into the concept of leading change across different domains. It examines diverse leadership styles and their effectiveness in facilitating organizational change within contexts like education, healthcare, and innovation. The analysis draws upon scholarly articles and research to understand how leaders navigate complex challenges, implement best practices, and drive sustainable transformation.

Understanding and
Leading change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparison between different organisational operational strategies after adopting changes
.....................................................................................................................................................1
P2 Measurement of internal and external drivers of change on leadership, individual and team
.....................................................................................................................................................3
M1...............................................................................................................................................4
M2...............................................................................................................................................5
D1................................................................................................................................................5
P3 Evaluate how to minimize negative impact of change on organisation.................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Barriers which effect the change and affect leadership decision making strategies..............6
M3...............................................................................................................................................7
D2................................................................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P5 Application of suitable leadership style in organisational context........................................8
M4...............................................................................................................................................9
D3................................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Chances becomes high of making a business successful by adopting various tools and
techniques with utilising capabilities for a long period of time in the modern scenario. Apart
from that, dynamic nature needs to be adopted as well (Aslan and Reigeluth, 2013). There are
certain changes in marketplace that happens due to change in trends, tastes and desires of
customers. Organisation can get strong and smooth when the flexibility is being adopted and
thus, changes are accepted in an easy manner. In this report, company chosen are Starbucks and
Costa as well as they both are MNCs that are dealing in coffee products across the globe. In this
report, particular things which will be highlighted are like impacts of modifications in an
organisational structure and its policies. Moreover, there are other sections which will be
discussed like drivers which have direct impact on the behaviour of team and leaders for
attainment of aim and objectives in an effectual and effective manner.
TASK 1
P1. Comparison between different organisational operational strategies after adopting changes
There are various changes that take place in market due to many factors like culture,
tastes, technology and many others. This entire process of modification can be called as
organisational change. These kinds of changes need to be adopted by an organisation in order to
grab the best opportunities for gaining better position in the future along with employees and
establishing long term with customers (Clarke and Persaud, 2011). There are two companies that
are operating at multinational platform and have food chain which is large in number and those
are Starbucks and Costa.
STARBUCKS
This is one of the largest and popular companies that is a multinational brand and deals in
coffee products. This company was established in the year 1971 by three people whose names
are Grodon Bowker, Jerry Baldwin and Zev Siegel in Washington DC, United States. There are
approx. 15000 stores across 50 countries.
COSTA
This company can be termed as a competitor to Starbucks as it deals in similar kinds of
products like coffee products and refreshments. This company was established in the year 1971
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in London and has been dealing approx. in 31 countries. There are around 3500 stores over the
globe and has been expanding their operations.
Various policies and strategies are being made and adopted by both companies but still
there are certain differences and they are described as below:
Strategies Starbucks Costa
Competency
based strategies
Main focus of company is to
determine the needs and wants of
customers and thus, modify their
products as per needs. Even the
menu card of Starbucks has gone
through various modifications as
there are various items which have
been innovated and classified as
per the needs.
The main products of Costa Coffee are
the infusions and mock-tails which they
deals in. There is main difference
between the costa and Starbucks and
that is Costa does not mainly focus on
demands of customers. The prices of
products are high in nature and thus, it
becomes hard to maintain the budget
for having a cup of coffee. The main
focus are of this company is innovation
of new ideas and experiments so that
taste of people can be modified.
Pricing strategies When the company got the high
brand name, they uplifted the
prices of products and that in turn
affected their profitability ratios in
a negative manner as the high
price level was not being accepted
by them (Doppelt, 2017). Thus,
after conducting in-depth market
research, they redefined the
pricing strategies for uplifting
ratios.
This company has adopted various cost
effective strategies so that they can lead
in the competitive market. They add on
unique tastes and various flavours so
that new experience can be given to the
coffee lovers.
Promotions and
advertising tactics
The main focus of this company is
adopting effective marketing
This is not among the priorities of
company but due to dynamic nature of
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strategies in which they have
invested a huge amount of funds
so that company get benefits of
advertising in starting stage. They
acquired a large market share
through adopting and utilising
various effective strategies.
market share, there are various
strategies which they have adopted and
they are focusing on promotional
activities so that high market share can
be obtained.
Process There is certain structure which
was made earlier and thus, they
have been following it but with
time. They have modified it so that
customers can be approached in a
better manner (Fullan, 2014).
There are different tactics which are
being followed and the most used one
is traditional method of customers
serving like presenting coffee on the
table. There are various changes made
like in hospitality, communication
behaviour and presentation as well.
P2 Measurement of internal and external drivers of change on leadership, individual and team
Leadership
Leadership is basically a process in which there is group of people which can be stated as
a team, that is being led by a person called leader for certain attainment of objectives. There are
particular capabilities needed for becoming a leader and lead a team. Various qualities are being
required as per the structure. While conducting operations and manufacturing the products and
services, time is being needed to process every element. These can be stated as internal and
external drivers of an organisation.
Internal drivers
 Various structures are being defined like capital structure and goodwill of the company
and those are being included in the marketplace.
 In order to improve the goodwill, there are various factors like creativity and innovation
who play a major role (Fyke and Buzzanell, 2013).
 It is essential for a company to maintain effective and comfortable environment at
workplace in order to implement the changes in an easy manner.
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External drivers
 This can be said as the most essential driver on which whole business process truly
depends along with growth factors.
 There is another element which has a direct impact on the ratios of company and that is
competitor present in marketplace.
 There are number of things which can be considered as external drivers of changes and
these are investors, government, technology and many more who can directly put impact
on them.
Linkage of leadership with drivers of changes:
Chances of an individual to become a leader are high when particular set of skills and
knowledge is present to lead group of people. It is necessary for a leader to determine and study
the nature of an organisation so that skills can be applied for needed modifications.
For a leader it is highly necessary to analyse skills and capabilities and as per that various
plans and strategies can be adopted in order to make target attained (Gupta, 2011). This in turn
can help in providing various kind of advantages for company.
Leadership goals and motive:
There are number of leadership objectives and that are described below:
Direction: Leader directs the team and other members so that effective guidance can be provided
for various purposes and error chances can be minimised.
Control: it is highly essential ton monitor and regulate in order to enhance the performance level
of an organisation.
Authority: there are certain roles and responsibilities are being allocated to leader along with
power so that effective and appropriate guidance can be issued to members of team (Hrebiniak,
2013).
Influence: There are times when the company faces adverse kind of situations and thus effective
appropriate guidance is being required, so a leader should have certain abilities to handle this
kind of situations. This entire elements can be attained by the help of several theories for
achieving objectives.
M1
Direct impacts can be observed of organisational activities and other operations due to
number of drivers and most essential among those are internal and external. These can be
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explained by the elaborating as culture of an organisation, employees, management,
competitors , Govt. and many others who play effectual role in success of an organisation.
M2
Adoption of concept of change management is highly required by firm so that response
can be attained to environmental changes. Kotter's changes can be applied in this kind of scene
so that up-gradation can take place in performance level of an organisation.
D1
There are certain plans and policies which are being made and to make them effective in
nature it is highly essential to analyse them in deep manner for modification in process of
company (Keppel and et. al., 2012). Training and development sessions are provided to
employees so that ways can be discovered for dealing with outside environment.
P3 Evaluate how to minimize negative impact of change on organisation
In the elements of change, there is high risk involved and this in turn will affect the
culture and framework of company. For Starbucks, appointment of sector is being done who has
focus on resolving out the risk factors which are being involved in business. There are new
methods which are being implemented and thus they can have negative impacts and those are
being described below:
Employee resistance:
It can be stated as universal truth that changes in company directly affects the structure of
an organisation (Mukherjee and et. al., 2012). Traditional Process is being used by company
while conducting the process. Example can be stated that by implementing the artificial
intelligence in regulating records and data of manufacturing process which may happen in
certain elements in apprehending of system.
Expenses:
There are changes which are being needed and thus to make them successful in nature ,
innovation is being required so that they can be applied within Starbucks. For a large scale
company it is easy to arrange large amount of funds from the investors whereas for small scale
industries, they have obstacles for applying those changes. Financial planning needs to be
effective so that chances of high costing can be observed. Various options of finance can be seen
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and thus analysed by managers and leaders and thus selecting the best one for meeting
requirements.
Lack of Support and failure:
There are certain situations which arises due to miscommunication and lack of exchange
of vital data. This in turn can be reason for certain changes in the nature and environment of
organisation and employees (Parsons and Cornett, 2011). This needs to be ensured by managers
and leaders that everything should be remained at same place. Employees should learn certain
tactics in order to uplift the performance level for certain tasks and objectives along with the
modification which takes place in an organisation.
Morale:
There are certain elements which are considered as human nature like confidence level,
skills and willingness for attaining the aims and objectives of the firm within given period of
time. While working in an organisation, certain situations arises when the confidence level and
morale level gets low and this in turn can affect the productivity and profitability ratios of the
company. There are modifications which are needed by the firm to adopt and that too in
favourable circumstances. The most important duty of management team is to launch effectual
communication funnels so that dynamic changes can be adopted within marketplace.
TASK 2
P4 Barriers which effect the change and affect leadership decision making strategies
The main focus of leadership and management remains effective and efficient while
conducting of operations. Aims and objectives of firm can be attained by the leader as it is their
main role to achieve the objectives. There are effective plans and strategies which are being
needed to formulate in order to make effective process of decision making. In Starbucks, various
number of elements which are being present for affecting leadership and decision making
process.
There is a department in Starbucks which can be taken as example and that department
mainly looks out for effective innovative strategies regarding marketing (Suchman, Sluyter and
Williamson, 2011). While conducting decision-making process, there are certain elements which
needs to be kept in mind like sorting out of plan, applying policies and plan and thus allocating
them roles and responsibilities. There are number of team members who have different point of
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view and thus huge difference occurs while opting out effective options for company. Change
management is the main cause behind various number of effects in an organisation and thus
those effects directly affects various departments like sales, finance, operational, production,
administration and many others. Due to presence of several elements and factors of complexity,
performance level of an employee can be fluctuated while applying those changes.
Certain elements are being needed like sound knowledge, awareness and vital data so that
structure of change management can be formulated and thus supported within an organisation. It
is highly essential for a leader and and company to adopt various changes like latest technology
and other tools and techniques so that environment of an organisation can be made dynamic in
nature. In this kind of situation, seeking out is being done by leaders and managers and they
focus on determining the workers who have high set of skills and are able to achieve the
objectives (Thomas and et. al., 2013). Various tactics needs to be adopted so that dealing with
situations can be done. Therefore, leaders and management of Costa Coffee and Starbucks faces
problems regrading time consuming process of functions implementation due to lack of high
experienced employees.
On the decision making process of company, mainly two factors are present which has
direct impact on costs and budgets. Moreover, conduction of training and development sessions
are being provided so that elements which are being needed to learn about change management.
For example: An organisation seeks out for expansion and thus in that situation managers have to
two options: either finance can be generated via loans or it can be generated through debentures.
Thus it is required to have capital cost determination and seek out for final outputs.
M3
There are number of barriers which occurs specially while taking leadership for changes
and other modifications. The reason behind barriers are low discipline and self confident, poor
communication, high cost, impulsiveness and many others. All these factors have potential to
directly affect the productivity and profitability in negative manner. By an example it can be
stated clearly that it is highly essential to have effective communication channels otherwise vital
data will not be shared and processed for future decision-making process.
D2
In order to determine the performance stage of staff members, minimisation is being done
by force field reasoning so that actual skills and abilities can be determined for certain
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modifications. Training is being provided to employees in order to improve their skills and
capabilities so that tasks and activities can be executed in smooth manner.
TASK 3
P5 Application of suitable leadership style in organisational context
According to the nature of business, particular types of leadership theories are being
applied. Starbucks have adopted various tools and techniques along with effective styles of
leadership as it is coffee shop industry and it will lead to effective management and along with
that obtaining aims and objectives (Different type of leadership styles, 2017).
(Sources: Leadership Styles, 2017) Autocratic- In this kind of approach, leadership is being performed by collecting our
feedbacks and surveys from staff members and other members of company. Democratic- In order to lead and promote an organisation, this kind of approach is highly
useful in providing participation scope and feasibility to people. Platform of opportunities
can be provided to the employees of Starbucks so that they can uplift and polish their
skills and abilities and thus can show them in future in an organisation (van der Voet,
Kuipers and Groeneveld, 2015). Laissez Faire – In this kind of approach, there are certain fundamentals which can be
applied specially on an individual. There are certain rights which are being provided in
order to choose appropriate ways so that various tactics can be applied along with
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methodologies so that it can be ensured that balancing is being done and the operations
are being conducted in smooth manner. Transformational – in this type of approach, various types of skills needs to be possessed
by a leader so that changes can be analysed and apart from that aims and objectives can
be formulated and thus team can be provided with a guidance along with innovative ideas
and thoughts. Strong relations can be maintained with staff members and thus it can
provide flexibility to Starbucks.
 Transactional: The main focus of this kind of leadership is on maintaining healthy
relations with staff members. Certain tools and techniques can be utilised while
formulating policies and strategies like appreciation, rewards and recognisance,
promotions and positioning (Yoder-Wise, 2014). Leadership and management skills are
the perfect combination.
M4
There are various leadership styles which can be used by a company as per the needs of
situation and those styles are Autocratic, Democratic, Laissez Fair, transactional and
transnational. This enablers managers to create such environment in which high level
performance can be given by staff members and thus they can attain the aims and objectives of
firm within allocated period of time and that too in effectual manner.
D3
If the managers of an organisation wants some modifications in the activities and
operations which are being conducted, they need to adopt various plans and strategies along with
leadership styles. This will in turn will help an organisation to attain the aims and objectives of
firm in particular period of time. Kotter's model of change management and certain styles of
leadership needs to be adopted in managing the practices of business in effectual and systematic
manner.
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CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that in a business process it is highly required
to understand and grab the benefits of changes which are being adopted. In order to determine
and define the explaining endeavour of adopting modifications and advancements, there are two
organisational context in a business process and along with that modifications are being
connected in an organisation with customers and environment. Apart from that there are various
things which are being discussed like different situations and obligations which can directly
affect the operations and management in order to implement those changes. Moreover, there are
other factors which has direct impact on operations which are being conducted and those factors
are internal and external drivers which can help in attaining aims and objectives of firm in an
efficient and effective manner.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Aslan, S. and Reigeluth, C.M., 2013. Educational technologists: Leading change for a new
paradigm of education. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.18-24.
Clarke, C.M. and Persaud, D.D., 2011. Leading clinical handover improvement: a change
strategy to implement best practices in the acute care setting. Journal of patient safety.
7(1). pp.11-18.
Doppelt, B., 2017. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for
business, government and civil society. Routledge.
Fullan, M., 2014. Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John
Wiley & Sons.
Fyke, J.P. and Buzzanell, P.M., 2013. The ethics of conscious capitalism: Wicked problems in
leading change and changing leaders. Human Relations. 66(12). pp.1619-1643.
Gupta, P., 2011. Leading innovation change-The Kotter way. International Journal of Innovation
Science. 3(3). pp.141-150.
Hrebiniak, L.G., 2013. Making strategy work: Leading effective execution and change. FT Press.
Keppel, G., and et. al., 2012. Identifying and understanding safe havens for biodiversity under
climate change. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 21(4). pp.393-404.
Mukherjee, and et. al., 2012. Leading virtual teams: how do social, cognitive, and behavioral
capabilities matter?. Management Decision. 50(2). pp.273-290.
Parsons, M.L. and Cornett, P.A., 2011. Leading change for sustainability. Nurse leader. 9(4).
pp.36-40.
Suchman, A.L., Sluyter, D.J. and Williamson, P.R. Eds., 2011. Leading change in healthcare:
Transforming organizations using complexity, positive psychology and relationship-
centered care. Radcliffe Publishing.
Thomas, T., and et. al., 2013. Leading change and innovation in teacher preparation: A blueprint
for developing TPACK ready teacher candidates. TechTrends. 57(5). pp.55-63.
van der Voet, J., Kuipers, B. and Groeneveld, S., 2015. Held back and pushed forward: leading
change in a complex public sector environment. Journal of Organizational Change
Management. 28(2). pp.290-300.
Yoder-Wise, P.S., 2014. Leading and Managing in Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
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Online
Different type of leadership styles, 2017. [Online] Availavle
through<https://www.pinterest.com/pin/486670303463675723/>
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