Understanding and Leading Change

This report discusses the impact of change on organizational operations and strategies, and how it affects leadership, team, and individual behavior. It compares different organizational examples and explores the actions taken to minimize negative influence of change within a firm. It also discusses the barriers for change and different leadership approaches in the context of Just Eat, an online food order and delivery service.

Understanding and
Leading Change
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
LO1..................................................................................................................................................4
P1 Comparison of different organizational examples where change have been impacted on
organization operation and strategy.............................................................................................4
LO2..................................................................................................................................................8
P2 Evaluates the way internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour within organisation....................................................................................8
P3 Actions taken to minimise negative influence of change within firm..................................10
LO3................................................................................................................................................12
P4 Discuss about the different barriers for change and identify how they influence leadership
decision making in “Just Eat”....................................................................................................12
LO4................................................................................................................................................14
P5 Identifying the different leadership approaches to deal with change in “Just Eat”..............14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17
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INTRODUCTION
For an organisation, change is consider an integral part as they have to adopt it. It is not
possible for a firm to survive for a long time without change. There are several types of changes
that occurs within firm. It can be either because change can be external or internal drivers.
Therefore firms have to adopt it more successfully so that there can be easy to implement such
changes. So for doing so leaders are consider as core members that can supports within this
changes. Furthermore they direct workers and guide them in order to work as according to
changes (Fernandez, 2019).
Present Report describes about Just Eat which is a considered as an online Food order as
well as delivery services. It operates within 13 nations within Asia, Europe, America and
Oceania. Its headquarter is within London and its acts as an intermediary between consumers and
takeaway food outlets. It has approximately 3,600 employees( 2018) and net incomes is £79.9
million (2018).Present Report focuses about several external and internal drivers that influence
on team behaviours, leadership and many more. In addition to this it will be discussed about
several measures that can be taken in order to minimizes influence of change on the behaviour of
firms. Furthermore describes about several leadership approaches in order to deal within firm’s
context. It describes about several barriers regarding change as well as examine how they impact
leadership decision making within an firm’s context (Coruzzi, 2020).
LO1
P1 Comparison of different organizational examples where change have been impacted
on organization operation and strategy
There are number of changes in external environment that have directly and indirectly
impacted on strategy and operation of business therefore manager need to conduct effective
market research in order to find corrective steps that it can take for benefit of organization. Such
as changes in policies, increase in competition level or more availability of alternative options,
rapid changes in taste and preferences of people or technological development. These are major
drivers that have motivated ort influenced to adapt external changes so that company can grow
and sustain its business for longer time frame (Flanding Grabman and Cox, 2018). All these
changes have affected different organization in different context. So a PEST model is used to
illustrate and compare the way numerous changes have affect organizations such as Deliveroo
and just eat that are operating in food industry of United Kingdom. Such as:
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Change in organisational structure is transformational change that is used by Just eat in
order to promote flow of information from superior to subordinate so that best services can be
renders to end individuals. Company have make changes in organisational structure in order to
reduce chances of conflict and motivate individuals to work as team for achievements of
common goals.
System and process: It is strategy changed that is used by Just Eat so that company can
easily and effectively perform its several functions and deliver qualitative services to end
customers. Company through improving its internal systems and process is trying to deliver
maximum value to customers or seamless experienced so that they are motivated to be part of
organisation for longer run.
Deliveroo have make use of planned changed that is have make several changes or improvement
in its operations for effective achievements of organisational goals. Such as company keeps on
adding new food products in menu card with an motive to attract new and existing customers
within organisation.
Organization
2- Deliveroo
Drivers of
change
Impact on strategy Impact of operations
Political Free trade
policy
It has positively impact
on strategy as company
is able to easily expand
its business across
worldwide.
Company have
changes its operation
as per market
condition.
Economical Economic
slowdown
Economic recession has
make strategy of
Deliveroo ineffective.
It has to change in its
operation so that
services can be
offered at minimum
rates.
Social People People like to be part of Sustainable operation
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preferring
more
personalised
and
qualitative
products at
reasonable
price.
company that have
strong image so it has
contributed positively to
strategy of company
(Clack, 2020).
have to be accepted
by company.
Technological Use of
innovative
technology
It has positively impact
on strategy of Deliveroo
as company has highly
invested in new
technology.
It has impact on its
operation as company
have to adopt
technology as per
customer’s
requirements.
LO2
P2 Evaluates the way internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviour within organisation
Internal drivers like qualitative products, strong brand image, availability of resources,
employees behaviour, management practices of Just eat have drive company to incorporate
changes in firm so that it can make best use of available opportunities. Lack of communication
between employees, reward and punishment are some other internal drivers that have affects
leadership, team and individual behaviour of Just eat (Kelley, 2016). Whereas, external driver
like high competition, technological development, economic condition and free trade policies
have encourage company to accept changes in order to grow and survive in competitive market.
The way all this external and internal drivers affect leadership, team and individuals behaviour
can be stated as follows:
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Organization 1-
Just eat
Drivers of
change
Impact on
strategy
Impact of
operations
Political Policies of UK
government are
changing over
time and
recently it has
implemented
Brexit that have
resulted in
instability of
political
condition.
Therefore,
changes in
policies of
government
have make
difficult for
companies or
management of
Just eat to decide
appropriate
strategies that
they can used in
order to attain
particular
objectives (Berg
Danilova, 2019).
Policies of
government
have impact on
operation of Just
eat as it have to
considered all
legal laws such
as food and
safety laws,
regulation
related to
hygiene so that
no harm or
threat can be
caused to
customers.
Economical Ever changing
economic
condition of
United Kingdom
have forced
company to
accept change in
order to deliver
qualitative
services to end
customers within
limited time
frame and cost.
Economic
slowdown in UK
have positively
impact on
strategy of Just
eat as company
by offering best
services at lower
prices is able to
motivate and
influenced large
number of
individuals to be
Company in
order to deliver
maximum value
to customers
have decided to
minimize its cost
of production,
reduce wastage
of products,
errors and
mistakes.
Therefore, Just
eat in order to
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part of
organization.
Thus, it have
enhance
profitability and
market share of
firm in food
industry.
adapt itself with
economic
condition have
changes its
operation and
gain competitive
advantages.
Social With
globalization,
Covid-19,
people demand
have changed
due to
availability of
several
alternatives
options. So they
like to be part of
firm that offer
organic
products, ensure
hygiene and
quality of its
while delivering
to customers.
Therefore, Just
eat have adapted
or change its
strategies to
deliver quick
and more
efficient
services.
Introduce
organic and
healthy food
products so that
maximum
individuals are
happy and
satisfied with
firm.
Social factor
has also
impacted on
operation of
business as
before there
were limited
services or
products but
now Just eat
have expand
them so that
needs of wide
range of
individuals can
be fulfilled.
Technological The world is
moving towards
digitalization or
making use of
internet, social
The way
technology have
impacted on
strategy of Just
eat can be said
At the same time
advancement in
technology have
also impacted on
operation of Just
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media to connect
or build
relationship with
wide range of
customers for
growth and
expansion of
business. So,
innovation in
technology have
driven business
to invest some
amount of
capital in new
techniques or
method to retain
large market
share (Kelley,
2016).
that it is online
food order and
delivery services
so it helped in
provide
qualitative or
seamless
experienced to
number of
individuals.
eat as it have to
make more and
more use of
innovative
techniques to
deliver best
services to end
users for
expansion of
enterprise.
Change Internal/
External
Impact on
leadership
behaviour
Impact on team
behaviour
Impact on
individuals
behaviour
Organisational
structure and
culture
Internal driver
that is Lack of
communication
have contributed
Just eat to make
changes in
organisation
It can be stated
that changes in
organisation
structure and
culture has
impacted on
behaviour of
Improvement in
organisational
culture and
structure has
contributed in
effective
communication
Impact of
organisation
culture and
structure or
changes have
enhance
productivity of
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structure so that
employees can
easily
communicate or
share
information with
each others. Just
eat have planned
to set definite or
functional
organisation so
that individuals
are aware of their
task and
activities.
leaders of Just
eat is they have
to accept
leadership styles
that could used
to motivate
employees to
adapt changes so
that company can
meet its overall
objectives (Berg
Danilova, 2019).
and better
interrelationship
between several
employees. Thus,
they are
motivated and
inspired to work
together as a
team rather than
individuals for
common goals.
employees as it
have motivate
them to easily
perform there
task and
contribute in
achievement of
goals.
System and
internal process
Both internal and
external factors
have drive Just
eat to make
changes in its
system and
internal process
so that best
method can be
used for giving
reward,
punishment to
employees or
better
communication
among
System and
internal process
impact behaviour
of Leaders of
Just eat as it have
to find
alternative
method that
could be used
inform and
motivate
employees to
accept new
system and
procedure. So,
that qualitative
System and
internal process
impact team
behaviour as they
have to abide
new standard,
rules, procedure
and system that
are decided by
top management
for growth of
enterprise. Team
member after
new systems and
internal process
are able to know
It can be said that
change in
internal process
and system has
also affect or
impacted
employees as
they have to
accept new styles
to complete
particular task to
deliver services
to customers
(Clack, L.,
2020).
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individuals. products or
services can be
delivered to
customers.
their respective
roles and
contribute in
success of
organisation.
P3 Actions taken to minimise negative influence of change within firm
Whenever any type of change is implemented within a firm it creates a kind of negative
impact on firm operations and its workers’ performance. It happens because employees resist
change and they are unable to work with new methods. Thus it is vital to find out various areas
when there is negative influence of changes that can be minimised. If the impact is not mitigated
then it highly influence of changes occurs so that can be reduced. If influence is not mitigated
then it can highly influence on entire operations of a firm. In addition to this, it can be tough to
implement such changes. Thus, effective measures can be taken so that reduces the negative
impact within firm. Mentions below are several measures such as
Engage within decision making- Here staff members can be included within decision making as
the managers can engage them in order to take suggestions that how such changes can be
adopted. Therefore on the basis of these decisions can be taken as well as gaining satisfaction
also. Therefore, employees provide their views within such a way that they fell more comfortable
in order to work with as well as what types of methods are suitable for them. Within such way it
can be easier for firms to work together along them as well as apply several changes.
Communicating changes to staff members- It is considers as the best suitable measures in order
to reduces impacts of several changes. Here leaders and managers also needs to communicates to
workers that what changes can be done, how, when, where and many more. They gives complete
data associated with change (Upchurch, 2020). Thus the purpose is to creates an awareness
among staff members so that they are well prepared for work as well as cannot resist change. In
addition to this benefit of change is communicated to them, Thus this can given clarity regarding
each and everything.
Taking their feedback- It is known as the measure system that can be implemented in order to
take feedback of employees. It also provides an idea that what types of issues can be faced
through them while implementing as well as adopting changes. So if problems are recognised
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during changes and before changes that it can be easy to take appropriate measures and also
resolves such issues. Also, providing feedback giving information regarding several changes
that can be made through them.
Fringe benefits- It is known as a measure that can be taken in order to encourage employees so
that the impact of change can be decreased. They can provide fringe benefits through working
peas per change. Therefore it also boosts leader so that they able to put more hard efforts so that
it creates positive environment so that change can be applied will be successful. Thus within
such way goals are achieved as well. Therefore these are several measures that can be taken by
abc in order to reduces the negative influence regarding change. Thus such measures can be
taken by abc so that there is a decrease negative influence of change. It will also allow within
successful implementation of change without impacting the business operations (Baird. and
Boak, 2016).
Long term implications of drivers on firm
It is evaluated that there are several long term implications of abc’ drivers. These are
highly impact on its operations as well as growth. Thus, such implication requires can be
reduced. Thus during Covid 19, drivers will also impacts on its revenue for long period. Because
of this pandemic the needs of the people changed. Thus there are highly concerned about its
health. Thus the requirement will also remain stable for long time. The entity will also have to
assures that products can be safe as well as healthy and also there can be no influence on health.
Also there are changes within policy will impose firms in order to maintain sustainability and
protect environment. Therefore it will have to make several contribution to society as well as
assures that environment cannot be harmed. Thus here CSR requires to be adopted within an
effective way for long time (Boyatzis.and Cavanagh, 2018).
LO3
P4 Discuss about the different barriers for change and identify how they influence leadership
decision making in “Just Eat”
Understanding the barriers to change management can help for “Just Eat” business to create as
successful strategies for identifying and implementing. It is considered the important aspect of
enterprise and its target shifting from one state to another. There are different barriers exists in
the Just Eat enterprise which is directly impact on the leadership decision-making.
Lack of employment involvement-
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It is one of the most common barrier in the change where employees have a fear of
change, unless they are involved in the operational process. it is highly likely that event most
loyal staff members that will resist the change (Andrade, 2020). Sometimes, lack of employment
involvement will directly affecting on the performance of Just eat enterprise. in order to
minimise revenue of organization in global marketplace. But this type of barrier can handle by
sufficient resources to drive them towards change and necessary thing to do.
Lack of effective communication strategy-
It is another type of barrier in the business change management process. In “Just Eat”,
staff members have no effective communication strategy. In fact some top leader always
consider that once and announce the change. At that time, people will try to adjust and ready to
get adopt new things (Massoudi and Hamdi, 2019). Lack of communication will create barrier
regarding coordination or interaction between employees and management in the “Just eat”. In
some situation, many employees were not about the current planning so that it will happen due to
lack of communication.
Poor culture and environment-
A working environment or culture will effect on the performance of employee so that it
plays important role within organization. In this way, planning team always fails to make better
decision regarding business growth and development. A poor environment will influence staff
members to develop or create conflicts on particular business decision. Usually, this type of
barrier will arise during decision making. It is important for Just eat enterprise to break this
barrier while creating a healthy environment for employees. Each and every team members can
share their innovative idea regarding business improvement. In order to achieve desirable
organizational goal and objective.
Lack of trust-
it will be developing as barrier within Just Eat enterprise where existing client do not show a
proper trust and not taking as proper facilities and services. This kind of barrier will reduce the
strong relationship with potential consumers.
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Fear of losing Job-
Many peoples are facing the problem of unemployment so that they have fear of losing a
job. This type of barrier will influence leadership style to adopt the maintain or control the
satisfaction level of employees.
Lack of focus and involvement
There is lack of employment involvement is one of the most common barrier within
organization that will increase a problem among staff members and leaders. Sometimes, it will
be developed a situation of conflicts. Staff members are not showing interest within business
operational tasks.
Force field theory
Lewin’s Force field model is based on the strategic management that tries to ensure a
business responds to the environment in which it operates (Tang, 2019). In “Just Eat”, it will be
using this force field theory that help for contribution to change management. By using this
model, it consists of different forces driving change, restraining it.
Figure 1 Lewin’s Force field model
Force field analysis carries a significant in “Just eat” business and consider as useful
technique of analysing all essential force. It can help for just eat company in strengthening the
forces, which support to make better decision, reducing rate of errors. On the basis of analysis,
Just eat company has decided to maintain their flexibility while doing change in business.
Forces for change include:
 Intense competition- There are huge competition in the food chain delivery business.
Nowadays, it is considerable as highly competitive world, “Just Eat” firm need to have
pace with alternative competitors and try to develop new products and gain competitive
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advantage in global marketplace. “Just Eat” should launch a new product which are
providing within affordable price or cost of their potential consumers.
 Customers- The taste of consumers are constantly changing so that just eat firm keep
understand need or requirement of existing client. Added new changes in their product as
well as delivery services (Massoudi and Hamdi, 2019). In this way, it can easily attract
more and more customers. This will help to meet expectation level of potential client as
possible manner.
 Technology- it plays important role in food delivery services. Just Eat firm is mainly
focused on the innovative tool or platform that can apply within business activities. in
this way, they are able to give more preference of their client. Hence, Just Eat Firm
should allow to use technological tool and running long term business in global
marketplace.
 Health conscious among the customers- Today’s customer have focused on health
conscious and they want best quality of product to gain more energy, rather than giving
them any type of suffering. “Just Eat” is based on food chain business which is the most
priority to fulfil all need or requirement of customer regarding meals. In this way, it help
for organization to build loyalty through healthy products services.
In above discussion, there are various barriers identified in the “Just Eat” company but needs to
implement as suitable strategies approach that support for eliminating all operational threats in
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the organization (Clack, 2020). By using Lewin’s Force field model, resisting every barriers to
eliminate within organization, implementing change forces. It help for increasing overall
performance of enterprise while establishing a strong position in marketplace.
LO4
P5 Identifying the different leadership approaches to deal with change in “Just Eat”
In “Just Eat” company, it is mainly focused on the actions in which enterprise alters a
major components of its current environment, culture. Underlying the modern technologies of
infrastructure uses to operate internal process.
The primary reason for change management in “Just Eat” whereas improving the food
services. In some situation, there are lot of issues arise within organization such as lack of
communication between staff members, poor employment involvement (Galli, 2019). These type
of issues will create problem for business growth and development. In this way, it would require
to deal with change management in “Just Eat” company while making an effective decision.
It is important for considering change management model such as Lewin’s, providing the
brief idea about the requirement of changes in “Just Eat” company. Also supporting to
implement suitable changes and then identifying their positive impact on the enterprise.
Model of change management
There is need or requirement for “Just Eat” enterprise that should bring more changes,
which are providing the advantage or benefit for company (Galli, 2019). In order to maintain
long term business. Basically, “Just Eat” firm can improve their action by conducting research
and development, then implementing the best possible measures. By implementing, Lewin’s
Change management model, it would be introduced three different steps, which help for “Just
Eat” business in implementing positive change in its working. There are considered as three
basis phases such as unfreezing, changing and refreezing.
Type of change
Unfreeze is a process where individual sets aside old behaviour towards the product and
service of organization. It is directly affecting on the growth of “Just Eat” company. This
organization should identify its internal operations and diagnose where lacking behind in term of
product services.
In Just Eat, manager is mainly focused on the different change management within
organization. It involve Communication, Rewards and Punishment. These are considered the
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important area that needs to change in business (Massoudi and Hamdi, 2019). During analysis, it
has been identified that “Just Eat” Company face a lack of communication between employees
and management. This will directly affecting on the decision making process in organization. In
this way, it has been evaluating the effective communication strategies to establish a strong
coordination or interaction between staff members. It help for identifying the specific needs,
demand of existing client.
Furthermore, it is also concerned about the rewards which is always attracts more
customers. So that they can do their task within efficiently. On the other hand, punishment is
another driver that needs to create or develop better legislation in the “Just Eat”, providing the
equal right of their employees so that they can do their task in proper manner.
Changing: Current impact on the company
In this step, “Just Eat” company should develop as individual employee so that they can
learn new method of working, behaviour and then applying new roles and responsibilities.
Additionally, it should consider new guideline for “Just Eat” to follow change in communication,
award and rewards etc. these help for improving the overall performance result or outcome.
Manager is responsible for doing changes and motivated their employee towards organizational
operations and functions.
Refreezing: Desired impact
It is last stage in the model for change, which utilise to identify the current states
whatever individual can learn in workplace. By applying the changes within “Just Eat” company,
it will develop or create a new beliefs, feelings and behaviours for every employees. On regular
basis, it has been reminding the staff members to handle the complex operational activities
through effective communication skill (Massoudi and Hamdi, 2019). This type of change will
improve the overall performance of “Just Eat” company in context of growth and development.
It is clearly identified that continues change management process which directly positive impact
on the business. In order to achieve desirable goal and objective.
Furthermore, it ensuring that can maintain or control swapping of shift in the workplace.
Reward and award is always inspire or motivate the staff members so that they can put extra
efforts in their business tasks. This can useful for both organizational and employees to handle
overall business activities.
Leadership approaches
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 Autocratic- this type of leadership approach is help to make decision without consulting
their team member, even is their input is only useful. It is to be considered as appropriate
when needs to make a quickly decision within In Just eat. There is no needs for team as
input.
 Democratic- In Just eat, it is mainly representing the discussion with team members,
whereas each and every one can share their own idea or view point regarding business
growth or development. As a result, it tends to have a high job satisfaction level.
 Transformational- In Just eat, it can support for leader to encourage team members
towards current situation of enterprise. this can help to grow and shape the future success
of enterprise.
 Transactional- It is based on the managerial, focus on the supervision of particular
person, identify performance and implementing or assign task of people.
 Situational- In Just eat, An effective leader can use this style to adopt the current
environment according to situation. Afterwards, handling business activities of Just eat
enterprise.
CONCLUSION
From above it had been concluded that report focuses on uniqueness and brand image of
a firm as it also focuses on communication gap that existed within the interior of firm such as
miscommunication leads to the dilemma in workers as creating confusion. Such as what kinds of
changes will be occurs and also focuses on another barrier of changes such as political changes.
It also focuses on change in the economic conditions of a country within society. Such as if a
firm is unable to build the trust among its employees than it will be very difficult for employees
to accept such changes within more effective manner. Furthermore Report also focused on
several leadership styles such as democratic leadership focuses on view of employees that are
listened to their peers regarding best work and workers feels more motivated as they feel boosted
and also firms gets several new opinions, new ideas for the firm’s as it will aids both the firm and
17

workers to grow in future. Autocratic leadership is focused on higher authority where the firm
can makes all of its decisions without involving the staff members in order to takes decision very
fast.
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