Understanding Different Types Of Functions And Structures Of

Understanding Different
Types Of Functions And
Structures Of
Organisations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Define the different types of organisation...................................................................................1
Purpose, legal structure and form of different organizations......................................................2
Evaluate structure, size and scope of different organizations link to the business objectives
and products or services..............................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
Define the size, scope of the range of different types of organization........................................4
Critically analyse the impact of interrelationships of different organizational functions which
are affected by the complexities of structures.............................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
Describe the different organizational functions..........................................................................6
Interrelationship between these functions...................................................................................7
Linking between functions and organisational objectives and structure....................................8
Analyse the advantages and disadvantages of interrelationship between organizational
functions and its impacts on structure.........................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
Examine the impacts of macro environmental factors through PESTLE analysis and highlights
the positive and negative impacts also........................................................................................8
Facilitates detailed evaluation of macro environment within an organisation..........................10
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................11
Conduct the internal and external analysis of an organisation by using SWOT analysis.........11
Justify the influences of SWOT analysis on decision-making..................................................11
Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external factors..................................12
Critically evaluate the micro and macro factors which impacts on business objectives and
decision-making........................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organization is a place where an organized group of persons work together to achieve a
specific purpose. It is an entity of structured and well managed functions which shows how
several activities are oriented in order to accomplish the objectives. Organisational structure
impacts on performances and facilitates the foundations which defines standard operating
procedures. For this project British sky broadcasting is chosen as a private sector organization. It
deals in telecommunication mass media industry as a trade name of sky, it was founded in 1990
in London and owned by Comcast. This company deals in direct broadcast satellite,
broadcasting, pay television, broadband as well as telephony services. In this report discussed
about the different types or organization such as private, public and voluntary with its legal
structure and purposes. Also, analyse the interrelationship between different functions and
structure of an organisation and evaluate its complexities. With the help of PESTLE and SWOT
analysis tool study the different micro and macro factors which impacts upon the internal
strengths and weaknesses that influence the business objectives and decision making.
TASK 1
Define the different types of organisation.
Business is an economic activity where a group of people work together to accomplish
the objectives and goals in profitable manner through which buying and selling of goods and
services (Zwikael and Smyrk, 2019)
. There are several kinds of organization that are considered as follows: Public sector organization: This kind of businesses are owned and controlled by the
government and they facilitates goods and services for the purpose of benefits to the
community or general public. For example: Network Rail. Private sector organization: It is owned and controlled by an individual or a group of
persons privately, there is no interference of government. Earning maximum profit is the
main motive of private company. For example: British Sky Broadcasting.
 Voluntary organization: This is comprised from a group of individuals who works
together for the benefits of society instead of making profits. They all have common
purpose and enter into an agreement with a particular business organizations. For
example: Save the children.
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Purpose, legal structure and form of different organizations.
1. Public organizations: Network Rail is chosen as a public sector company.
Purpose: This businesses provide services to the general public for benefits of them that involves
public goods and government services.
Legal structure: Central government: The companies which are under the control of central government
and they provides funds to operate the activities. Money is collected from the community
in a form of income tax which are invest in businesses. State government: These kind of organisations are owned in a particular state and
controlled by the state government because it is limited in the specific area or state. Local government: Local authorities like municipal corporation or local bodies support
and controlled that organizations which are owned in local areas such as in a specific city
or villages.
Size: It is the UK's 12th largest public sector employer along with 34000 employees and have a
wide network of standard gauge lines of 15811 kilometres.
Scope: It have a wide scope with innovate UK and both will do SBRI innovation in rail security
surveillance analytics competition.
Objective: To improve safety and give contribution to economic growth and social opportunities
along with the reducing environmental impacts.
Products and services: The product range of the company is public transport.
Mission: Network rail is emphasised on publishing updated edition of vegetation establishment
standard in early 2020.
2. Private organizations: British sky broadcasting is taken as a private sector organization.
Purpose: The private sector businesses are owned for the purpose of making profits as well as
they provides employment opportunities to many people in comparison of public sectors
organisation.
Legal structure: Sole proprietorship: This kind of firm's are owned by an individual who have full control
over their operations and individually bear all risks and profits (AliIslam and Rahman,
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2019). These corporations are registered for self assessment as well as they record
income tax return on regular time period according to the lawful object of UK. Partnership: These businesses are established by two or more then two group of persons
and agreed upon the partnership deed agreement. They all are equally liable to perform
the day to day operations, profits, loss as well as bear risks together. Companies: These are considered as joint stock ventures where all shareholder is having
limited liability and they are legally bound as per the rules of memorandum and article of
associations.
Size: It is the UK's largest pay-TV broadcasters with 23 million subscribers and more than 31000
employee's as of 2019.
Scope: Emission from business air travel and waste going to landfill.
Objectives: To show the creative and high quality services and results to support the learning and
knowledge of people.
Products and services: It provides television and broadband internet services, fixed line and
mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in UK.
Mission: The company wants to be at the heart of 21st century living and to make everyday
extraordinary for every customers of its.
3. Voluntary organizations: save the children is chosen as a voluntary organization.
Purpose: Voluntary businesses are established for the purpose of making social wealth and
works towards the benefits of the society instead of earning profits.
Legal structure: It is classified in the following terms that are described below (Legal Structures
for Voluntary and Community Groups, 2019). Trust: This type of organisation is mainly considered as a charitable trust which involves
the individual's group they all are worked together for social well beings. These are
legally bounded to follow the legal laws and rules of trustee act, 2001and governed by a
deed of trust. Unincorporated association: This includes the companies which are limited by guarantee
and considered as a incorporated body. The members of this kind of organisations are
bound by Memorandum and article of associations (Yamamoto and Zhi, 2019).
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Size of save the children: The company is having a international network which is operating in
more than 120 countries across world wide.
Objectives: To reducing the death ratio of children and facilitates better survival and educational
opportunities to them.
Products and services: It facilitates the social services as well as make efforts to increase the
lives of children across the world.
Mission: The mission statement of save the children is to accomplish current and future changes
in the children lives for their betterment.
Evaluate structure, size and scope of different organizations link to the business objectives and
products or services.
British sky broadcasting have well organised structure of company and widely growth
and sustainability in the global market then they needs to formulate the effective policies and
develop a clear objectives along with its products and service range. When company focused on
continuous development and improvement increase the company scope and size as well as it is
able to expand in more countries (Baporikar, 2019). This will helps in enhancing customer base
and this directly influence the products and service range. This also assists in accomplishing the
business objectives effectively and efficiently in a specified duration of time.
TASK 2
Define the size, scope of the range of different types of organization.
There are three types of organization operating in neck to neck competitive world. Small,
medium and large organization. All this organization are playing vital role in growth and
development of the economy in positive way. Below are deeply explained market share, profit
share, growth, objectives and sustainability which are as follows:
Basis Small scale organization Medium scale
organization
Large scale
organization
Objectives &
Goals
Marshfield Bakery is a
small size organization as
it has very less turnover
and employees working
in the company. It's main
LMA recruitment is a
medium size organization
has it's annul turnover is
less as compare to
multinational companies.
British Sky Broadcasting
is a large organization as
thousands of employees
are working day and
night to meet the set
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objectives and goal is to
serve quality goods to the
customers over the years.
By doing so positive
image is build in the eyes
of the customers.
Moreover they train their
employees to work hard
to gain goals in the set
deadline.
It's goals and objectives is
to gain maximum profit
from the customers by
providing them innovative
product.
objectives. Firm Goal is
to grow the business in
other nation and
segments in order to be
in the leading position.
Market share The market share covered
by small size
organization is limited to
local area or sate. They
cover small area of
market share.
Within the nation this
medium size organization
covers the market share.
LMA recruitment is
serving services to the
client with the particular
nation in effective manner.
But are trying to grow in
other nation as well.
Large scale organization
is covering huge market
place across the
boundaries and are
serving conducting
research and
development work in
order to raise their
market ratio.
Profit share Here, there is no profit
sharing as owner run the
business all alone on
small scale.
In this case, partners take
the profit sharing ratio as
well as need to give some
amount to the government.
In large organization a
large section of the profit
is contributed for the
welfare of the society as
well as some part is
given to the government
as per the agreement.
Growth or
size
The size of the
organization is small as it
has employees from fifty
one to two hundred. They
There are more than
hundred to thousand staff
members working in LMA
recruitment so it is
In this case, more than
five thousand skilled
employees are working
in order to meet the
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are working day and
night to meet the set
goals and objectives in
intense competitive
world.
considered as medium size
organization in intense
competitive world.
emerging needs and
wants of the customers
in neck to neck
competitive world.
Sustainability
or scope
Small scale business has
wider scope as they have
huge opportunity to
expand their business as
less competition is there.
For medium size firm there
are ample scope in the
market as they focus on
growing the business by
serving high quality
services to the customers.
For large scale
companies scope is
wider but there are many
barriers for them as
numerous competitors
are prevailing in the
open market place due to
which developing
business is difficult.
Critically analyse the impact of interrelationships of different organizational functions which are
affected by the complexities of structures.
All kind of organizations are structured in a well manner and all are different from each
other but legal rules and regulations complexities leads in lack of coordination among all
departments. British Sky Broadcasting company is a large organization which deals with the
more legislations and governances that results in inflexibility in operational activities. This will
helps in managing the whole working into different departments which results in achieving goals
and objectives effectively and on time also because every divisions or their staff knows their
roles and responsibilities. Whereas, interrelationship arises more conflicts and disputes among
workers which leads in delay in performances that directly impacts on profitability and
productivity (Jabłoński, 2019).
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TASK 3
Describe the different organizational functions.
There are several functions which defines as a set of activities that are carried out in a
department of company. In the context of British Sky Broadcasting, different functions of an
organisation are described below: Marketing: This department is accountable for keeping the whole information about the
market and communicate effectively between British sky broadcasting and its customers
or subscribers. It is very important for promoting company's products and services in
order to improve sales and revenue (Xiong,Ye and Wang, 2019). Production: This function of sky broadcasting is responsible for producing,
manufacturing as well as supplying the superior quality of products and services for
satisfying customers requirements. Research & development: This is to functioning the research activity on time which
helps in providing new and creative ideas as well as make sure that the company use
advanced technology for success and growth of sky broadcasting.
 Finance: This department is liable to prepare appropriate budget and financial reports to
investing money in valuable things and timely monitor and control the financial
activities.
Interrelationship between these functions.
British Sky Broadcasting is a media and telecommunications combined and it has
operations in UK, Ireland, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy and Spain. Being a multinational
mass media, it has complex organizational structure as it combined several functions to produce
their products and services effectively (Khatun and Miah, 2019). Also, proper coordination
between all departments and its activities should be needed. This can be described as follows: Finance and marketing department: Both are functioning together to achieve the
objectives of an organization to ensure the effective use of marketing activities as finance
should be appropriately allocated. This will helps in proper implementation of marketing
practices and strategies for creating more awareness about sky broadcasting services and
attract more customers and subscribers.
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 Production and research & development department: These two departments are
interrelated with each other because it provides market informations and suggest the use
of advanced technologies in order to produce sky's products and services. This will helps
in minimising the wastages and cost as well as increase their sales, productivity and
profitability through facilitating high quality of services.
Linking between functions and organisational objectives and structure.
Organizational departments are used to distribute the responsibilities and tasks among all
members and manage their entire working performance. This helps in organising and managing
tasks in an effective way in order to achieve the tasks on time and improve overall efficiency
(Nikitina and Lapiņa, 2019). If the functions of Sky broadcasting are performed well then the
company consider as a having of effective structure because all responsibilities are allotted to
their workers. This leads in accountability of persons and completion of tasks on time with
efficiency and effectiveness.
Analyse the advantages and disadvantages of interrelationship between organizational functions
and its impacts on structure.
Interrelatedness between organizations functions is beneficial for British sky
broadcasting because it improves performance of employees that leads in increasing productivity
and profitability of a company. It facilitates the proper coordination among several departments
that assists in creating high market shares as well as raise subscribers in the marketplace. In
addition interrelationship is not appropriate for all kind of organizations and it arise disputes
among staff members which delays in accomplishing the goals and performance (Ruohomaa and
Salminen, 2019). Whereas, it considered as a part of organizational structure because it designed
the functions of business which are performed effectively. This includes the purpose, roles and
responsibilities, some techniques to measure the performance, accountabilities etc. for each
specific departments and their working.
TASK 4
Examine the impacts of macro environmental factors through PESTLE analysis and highlights
the positive and negative impacts also.
Macro environment consists a set of external factors which are not under the control of
businesses which impacts upon the operational activities and performances. This tool is used by
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British Sky Broadcasting company to analyse the market situations and gather informations
which impacts on the business activity either in positive or negative manner (Shu, Jain and
Liang, 2019). These forces are described below along with their impacts:
Political factor: It involves the government stability, taxation policy, trade restrictions
etc. that will impacts on the operational activity of businesses. Sky is subjected to regulations in
UK and all European union. Positive impact: The company achieve success in a dynamic media industry across the
many countries is to diversify the systematic risks of political environment.
 Negative impact: Some changes in future by the government could results in loss for
British sky Broadcasting as well as may make it hard for the company to compete
effectively in the market.
Economic factor: Some of the examples of economic factors are inflation rate, interest
rate, savings, foreign exchange rate etc. These factors affect the BSB operational activities and
investment value in up coming years. Positive impact: High consumer spending and lower the interest rate will encourage the
Sky Broadcasting for new technologies and offer its product much cheaper to the
customers.
 Negative impact: Suppose in the coming years economy did not do well then the
company's income if effected in a negative manner.
Social factor: Some of the examples of this factor is tradition, beliefs, values,
background as well as culture etc. BSB is a major player in giving cultural and sporting life for
its subscribers as well as support different charity organizations across the world (Singh, 2019). Positive impact: Sky employees do many kinds of free of charges works that could helps
in increasing the types of charities
 Negative impact: Shared beliefs and values of population plays an important role in how
marketers at Sky plc will understand the target market customers and then they design
content for media industry customers. This will negatively impacts because many of the
customers are unhappy or unsatisfied as the company can not deliver the message as per
the individual demand.
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Technological factor: These includes the technological advancement, automation etc.
needs to applied in tough competition era of competitive marketplace to fulfil the emerging
needs of the customers. Positive impact: Sky is taking an advantages of new technologies which includes mobile
phones getting common in everyday usage, film has launched where customers can
access news, movies and sports anytime form their phones. It creates challenging bench
mark for their competitors which is positive sign for the Sky plc.
 Negative impact: Technologies has been transforming speedily which may give a
company little or short time to cope up and be profitable in that market conditions.
Legal factor: Legal framework are not robust enough to protect the rights of intellectual
property of Sky plc. This includes the copyright law, consumer law, discrimination law, trade
law as well as health and safety regulations which is imposed by the company according to its
nature and size (Sousa and Rocha, 2019). Positive impact: The company is able to make loyal customers over the years and
customers ensured that they are dealing with the company which performed it all
activities in a lawful manner. This will increase the productivity and profitability ratio of
Sky plc.
 Negative impact: In the open and dynamic market if BSB is fails to implementing laws it
will be results in government interference and penalties for misconduct. This will
negatively impacts while satisfying customers demand as they are unable to fulfil them.
Environmental factor: The company support the earth day in April and world
environmental day in June to protect the environment. They ensures that none of its employees
breaks law that can effects the company's reputation. Positive impact: A company use resources in effective way to achieve a long time
competitive advantages. Resources are scare so a company needs to utilise these
resources in systematic manner so they gain productive results.
 Negative impact: The company continuously waste resources which may results in cancel
the licence that negatively impacts on the image in the market.
Facilitates detailed evaluation of macro environment within an organisation.
Macro environmental factors are understand by using PESTLE analysis which provides
detailed knowledge about the dynamic marketplace environment and helps in formulating
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business strategies for reducing their negative impacts. This will assist in facilitating several
opportunities in adopting new technologies and timely innovation in order to satisfy the needs of
the customers. It will enable in designing long term goals by setting specific standards in order to
attain objectives of BSB effectively.
TASK 5
Conduct the internal and external analysis of an organisation by using SWOT analysis.
Identification of internal and external analysis is essential to understand about the British
Sky Broadcasting strengths and weaknesses, it will assist in examining current situations of
business (Tura, Keränen and Patala, 2019).
SWOT analysis of British Sky Broadcasting
Strengths Weaknesses
 It is one of the largest television
broadcaster in UK and Ireland and
provides news, sports as well as movies
on mobile phones also.
 3d viewing capability and their quality
content of news are considered as a
major strengths of BSB.
 One of the major weakness is slow rise
in their advertisement revenue and
customer base.
 In recent years the cost of sports rights
are increases which have results in
stress profits or less profits.
 Political corruption can cause in
operational difficulties.
Opportunities Threats
 Mobile digital television facilitates
huge opportunity for British Sky
Broadcasting company to reach the
billionaires of people.
 Have an opportunity to tie-up with the
international players in order to
maximise their penetration and reach.
 Unfavourable governmental and
industry policies can hamper business
and its performance.
 Fragmented market area also creates
some kind of threats for BSB.
 High competition arise threats its
competitors are Virgin media, Time
Warner cable etc.
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Justify the influences of SWOT analysis on decision-making.
SWOT is a proven management framework which enables a British Sky network to
benchmark its business and performance in comparison of their competitors. The major strengths
of the British Sky Broadcasting is the superior quality of content and their 3d viewing capability
which helps in taking a competitive advantages against their competitors. The cost of sports
rights is increased which gives stress profits to the company which is treated as a weakness and
need to be controlled because it provides an opportunity. Decisions of the company impacted
through analysing the opportunities and threats like management of the company focused on tie-
up with international rivals to maximise their market area and profits.
SWOT Analysis of Rail Network
It is also necessary to find out about the strengths & weaknesses of the Rail Network so
that it can help in the growth of the business. The SWOT analysis here will be very much useful
to determine the opportunities and threats lying for the Rail Network:
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
 Provides employment to many people.
 The cost of transportation is low
compared to other transports.
 The connectivity of the Rail Network is
good.
 No traffic issues.
 Lot of Political Pressure.
 Lacks connectivity issues in the
isolated areas.
 Passenger trains sometimes makes
losses.
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 Applying new technologies will help in
more efficiency.
 Easily availability of funds.
 Lack of passengers on various routes.
 People are having other options such as
road transport and airlines.
 Customer chooses other mode of
transportation.
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Justify the influences of SWOT analysis on decision-making.
By doing the SWOT analysis of the Rail Network it will give an upper hand to the
company so that it can beat its competitors by determining its strengths and weakness. Because
of the low transportation cost it act as a strength in comparison to the other transport options
available to people but there is also weaknesses such as presence of political pressure while
starting a new train project. Also the opportunity by applying new technologies to the Rail
Network will help it in attracting more passengers. It must be taken into consideration that there
are also various threats present because there is a possibility that other competitors can give
various other facilities to the customers.
Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external factors.
Macro environmental factors impacts on the internal strengths and weaknesses of British
Sky Broadcasting company that impacts on the business functions, performance as well as
success factors (Wirtz, 2019). Within the context of BSB it can be analysed as follows: Political: Unfavourable governmental regulations create some kind of threats on the
business operations and performance and this is to be overcome within the time period to
achieve the success. Economic: Imagine that in the coming era, economy conditions will not healthy then
company's income if impacted negatively. This will have treated as a major weakness for
the British Sky Broadcasting. Social: Shared values and beliefs of customers will negatively impact because many of
the customers are unhappy or unsatisfied as the company cannot deliver the message as
per the individual demand. Technological: Capability of viewing 3d is a big strength of the company as they adopt
this technology firstly as compared to its competitors. Legal: Formulating legs policies in the company helps in completing the task in
appropriate manner as well as if it is offences then it may be penalised in huge fines
which creates a big threat for the company.
 Environmental: Protect the environment in an effective manner by applying
environmental protection acts helps the company in building positive image in the
marketplace which will gives better success in future.
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Critically evaluate the micro and macro factors which impacts on business objectives and
decision-making.
Internal and external environment plays an important role in business organizations and
these factors impacted the success and growth. It should be considered in detail during the
decision making procedures related to the strategic marketplace and influence their performance
and success. In addition, when businesses are not aligned with macro factors effectively then it
leads in ineffective operational activities. Also, using these tools to analyse the market conditions
are considered as a expensive and time consuming.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above report that every businesses are operates in
different ways and all have their own functions and structure which needs to be understand in
appropriate manner. There are several types of businesses such as private, public, voluntary,
micro, medium and large all they are formed in unique way in order to achieve success and better
performance. Systematic interrelationship between all functional departments are useful for
accomplishing the tasks in attainable manner as well as using SWOT and PESTLE analysis helps
in evaluating and understanding about internal and external factors which influence the business
performance. These forces directly or indirectly impacts on the internal strengths and weaknesses
of a company in either positive or negative manner which influence the decision-making process
of an organisation.
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