Understanding Hospitality Industry: Types of Businesses, Operational Departments, and Contribution to Economy

This report explores the different types of businesses and operational departments within the hospitality industry, including their contribution to the economy. It also investigates the required skills for roles within the industry and current skills shortages. The report concludes with a review of external and internal factors affecting business decision-making and potential trends in the industry.

Understanding
Hospitality Industry

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
Exploring the different types of businesses within the hospitality industry and the diverse
products and services they offer..................................................................................................3
Examining a range of operational and functional departments within a chosen hospitality
business........................................................................................................................................4
Discussing the contribution of the hospitality industry to local, national and international
economies....................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
Investigating a range of different operational roles within the hospitality industry....................6
Examining the skills required for roles within the hospitality industry and current skills
shortages......................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
PART 2............................................................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The hospitality industry involves such businesses which offers food and beverages
services, restaurant or hotel, travel and tourism and various others services that offers higher
satisfaction and happiness to the customers. The different businesses within a hospitality industry
offers variety of services and products across the world (Ben Youssef and Zeqiri, 2020). Though
a hospitality industry is a service sector but functions its activities with a co-ordination or
different departments such as finance, human resource, research and development, marketing,
etc. The present report comprises of a different businesses within hospitality sector along with
the services they offers. The various functions of a hospitality business along with its
contribution at local, national and international level. Further it includes operational roles and
skills which are needed in hospitality business. In the second part of the report, different external
and internal factors are considered with a review upon the business decision making. Lastly, in
continuation to this, implications of current & potential trends in industry is mentioned. The
industry which is considered in this report is hospitality industry within which Hotel The
Marriott is being chosen.
PART 1
TASK 1
Exploring the different types of businesses within the hospitality industry and the diverse
products and services they offer
The different kinds of businesses in the hospitality industry are discussed below: Accommodation and Lodging: This type of business within the industry of hospitality
business is the most broader business. This includes various types of restaurants or hotels
which provides accommodation to those who travels or visits for a vacation. They offer
diverse products or services such as breakfast, lunch, dinner, room facility, lodging and
laundry, etc. Accommodation also comprises of resorts or luxury suits. Foods and beverages: This sector is the most prominent and developing sector within the
industry which caters large customer's segment in market. Businesses within this segment
offers services like preparation of food, different types of foods such as fast food, dining
or buffets. A business can operate under the banner of restaurants, takeaways, catering,
food foods chains etc.

 Travel and tourism: This type of business in hospitality industry includes those services
which provides an assistance to people who are willing to move from one place to
another. This can be done by either means of transportation such as airways, seaways,
roadways and railways. This also provides services to those business enterprises who are
indulged in the transportation of their goods or services either at local, state, national or at
international level (Hossain and et. al., 2020).
Examining a range of operational and functional departments within a chosen hospitality
business
The various operational departments within the hospitality business in respect to Hotel
The Marriott are mentioned below: Housekeeping: This is the most essential form of function in hotels as this has a direct
impact upon the experience of guests or visitors. This ensures common areas, guest
rooms, hallways, lobbies, restrooms and many other which are available for public to use.
Employee's under the housekeeping department use to take care of proper room cleaning,
guest check-in and check-out, etc. The major focus by this function in The Marriott hotel
is to maintain high benchmarks of cleanliness inside the hotel and its rooms.
 Food production: This is related with the processing or preparation of foods that are
offered by hotel or restaurant to their customer's. This involves chefs, cooks, kitchen
manager or porter, etc. who performs the activities within this operation. In The Marriott
hotel they are responsible for ensuring the proper and hygienic preparation of foods by
complying with all the food safety norms (Jain, 2020).
The various functional departments within the hospitality business in respect to Hotel The
Marriott are mentioned below: Marketing: The marketing department is concerned with satisfying and understanding
the customer's needs or preferences along with a promotion of their offerings. The
marketing department within The Marriott hotel conducts market research for the
effective understanding of guests demands & preferences. They also contribute to the
enhancement of sales and organisation of various promotional campaigns.
 Human resource: The department of human resource within hotel industry is responsible
for caring out various tasks such as job design, job development, structuring
advertisements for jobs, hiring & training new employee's for hotel or restaurant, etc. In

The Marriott hotel the HR department organises interview and training sessions for their
employees, chefs, housekeepers according to the need of situation or circumstance (Koo
and Chang, 2021).
Discussing the contribution of the hospitality industry to local, national and international
economies
The hospitality industry is known for its fast growth and development as this is the most
fastest growing sector in market. The hospitality industry in overall contributes to more than
10% in the development of economy through different ways. The contribution of hospitality
industry at local, national and international level are mentioned below: Creation of employment: The hospitality industry offers wide range of services that
needs an indulgence or contribution of labour or staff. The hospitality industry thus
contributes economy to generate huge employment at both local as well as at national
level. They offer jobs like tourist guides, housekeepers, chefs, travel consultants, planners
or organisers, etc. In the year 2020, the hospitality industry has generated nearly 2.38
billion jobs across UK which represents approximately 6.9% of the whole UK's
employment. Boosts various local businesses: The hospitality industry indirectly provides job or profit
earning opportunity to various other businesses such as to agricultural business, foods
and vegetables, laundry or other retail businesses. Since hospitality industries offers wide
range of services or food & beverages which demands for several items which the hotels
or restaurants buys from their local businesses. By the year end 2020-2021 the UK
economy experienced a boost by 9% in the growth of local businesses through the
contribution of hotel and restaurants.
 Foreign exchange earnings: The contribution by hospitality industry in respect to
earning of foreign exchange money holds international place. This involves all those
expenses which are made by foreign tourists or by those travellers who visits other
country for their purpose (Lei and et. al.,2020). In some countries it is important for
visitors to carry foreign currency with them during the period of journey or stay. In
respect to UK, the contribution by hospitality industry at international level results to the
amount of £59.3 billion which is nearby 3% of UK's GDP and output.

TASK 2
Investigating a range of different operational roles within the hospitality industry
The industry of hospitality business comprises of a wider area of fields in the category of
service industry which highly focuses upon proving different facilities such as accommodation,
restaurant, event planning, etc. The hospitality industry is known as the multibillion dollar sector
with a high contribution by hotels, restaurants and travel.
The Marriott Hotel is able to have a diversification within its operations through an
emphasis upon their growth & direct operation. This is done through different sections like
porters, housekeeping, bartenders, marketing, kitchen work, human resource and various others. Caretaker: An attendant or a caretaker is held responsible in interacting with the visitors
directly by providing them different kinds of services. They also act as a co-ordinator in
hotel by meeting their needs and connecting with other staff at Marriott. Their main role
also includes a work of providing high customer service which helps to meet the
operations of hospitality business at front (Mendrofa and et. al., 2021).
 Event Planner: The event planner within hospitality business or in relation to The
Marriott hotel is held responsible in caring out different meetings with their customer's or
conducting conferences through a proper convention planning. Their role is to maintain
an effective and clear communication among hotel & with their customer's. They are also
responsible for conducting and organising various supportive works behind the stage like
making different arrangements of supportive resources, having a backup plan for event,
etc.
Examining the skills required for roles within the hospitality industry and current skills shortages
The essential skills which are required in The Marriott Hotel within the industry of
hospitality business are mentioned below: Customer service skill: Since the hospitality industry includes a regular conduct of
effective communication with their customer's where they expect high level or services
and a good quality of products form them. In this the hotels or restaurants are required to
gather customer's feedback which is highly crucial for them in order to offer effective &
high quality services. High quality of services will only satisfy the customer's and can
have an opportunity of customer retention.

 Communication skills: This involves an interaction between two or more people for a
particular task or objective. The businesses within hospitality industry demands for a high
focus upon satisfying customer's demands which could be analysed through having
effective communication with them. A communication is required to be made by
managers, chefs, housekeepers or other staffs at The Marriott hotel which will help them
to understand the communication and perform their duty accordingly (Moosa and He,
2021).
 Cultural awareness: This in respect to The Marriott hotel is related with caring of follow
up through focusing upon satisfying customer's needs or demands. This involves a
sensitive understanding for the different religion and culture covering different nations.
The main emphasis under this skill is to have open minded thoughts so that The Marriott
hotel can make their customer's comfortable during their stay.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that there are different forms of businesses
which are operated under the umbrella of hospitality business. The organisations within
hospitality sector offers wide range of services like accommodation, food and beverages,
tourism, etc. There are different operational as well as functional areas which takes their
existence in hospitality business. An industry of hospitality sector does not only aim at
generation of higher revenues but also contributes to the economy at local, national and
international level. In order to work in hospitality businesses there are certain skills which are
needed to be present in the employees of respected hotel so that can satisfy their customer's.
PART 2
TASK 3

In the second part of the ppt, different external and internal factors are considered with a
review upon the business decision making. Lastly, in continuation to this, implications of current
& potential trends in industry is mentioned. The industry which is considered in this report is
hospitality industry within which Hotel The Marriott is being chosen.

Political: Also, the hotel as well as the whole hospitality industry experienced a huge negative or
unfavourable impact because of Covid-19 impact where all businesses within the
industry was not allowed to conduct their operations. With this unfavourable impact the
hotel failed to generate any revenue through the period of political guideline (Pal,
2021).
Economical: In relation to The Marriott hotel, which operates its functions at international level
involves an exchange of foreign currency. Where there is a high level of fluctuations in
exchange this sometimes does not produces actual value of money which is not
favourable for The Marriott hotel.
Social: This increase in customer spending is beneficial for The Marriott hotel in terms of higher
amount of customer visit or greater revenue generation.

Technological: In context to the technological environment, The Marriott adopts a
digital technology method in order to provide online booking services to its clients (Park and
Min, 2020).
Legal: Due to this The Marriott is asked to pay a sum of amount in a form or penalty
which impacted the business in highly negative way.
Environmental: This initiative by The Marriott proved to be a successful step due to
which the business is able to gain high market recognition as now a days people are more
concern towards the sustainable business.

The above mentioned SWOT analysis informs the decision-making procedure of The
Marriott hotel in a way that the weaknesses of business is required to be considered while
making any decision so that they can be turned into either profitable manner or at no profit no
loss stage. On the other hand, the available opportunities to The Marriott hotel brings scope of
higher revenue so that the management would decide its things accordingly (Reis and et. al.,
2020).

TASK 4
The implications of current as well as potential trends within the hospitality sector are
mentioned below:
As per now many hotels or travel agencies are offering ticket booking via online means
of channel which is satisfying their needs and assuring their confirm booking. But there could be
a trend with time where the visitors may prefer the use of Artificial intelligence or robotics for
the services due to the presence of communicable risk while contact (Sann and Lai, 2020).

On the other hand, it is also concluded that previously there were different trends within
the hospitality business and there is a difference in current trend. So the future development of
change in time will present another picture of hospitality business trend.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ben Youssef, A. and Zeqiri, A., 2020. Hospitality Industry 4.0 and Climate Change (No. 2020-
23). Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université
Côte d'Azur, France.
Hossain and et. al., 2020. Factors influencing customer citizenship behaviour in the hospitality
industry. Annals of Leisure Research, pp.1-24.
Jain, D., 2020. Corona Virus and Food Safety in India–Is the Panic in Customers and Hospitality
Industry Warrantable?. Corona Virus and Food Safety in India–Is the Panic in Customers
and Hospitality Industry Warrantable.
Koo, C. and Chang, Y., 2021. Guest editorial: New technologies for the tourism and hospitality
industry. Industrial Management & Data Systems.
Lei and et. al., 2020. Engaging customers in value co-creation through mobile instant messaging
in the tourism and hospitality industry. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism
Research, 44(2), pp.229-251.
Mendrofa and et. al., 2021. Evaluation of Job Productivity Factors in the Hospitality
Industry. Journal of Environmental Management & Tourism, 12(6 (54)), pp.1504-1512.
Moosa, A. and He, F., 2021. Impact of environmental management practices on corporate
sustainability: evidence from the Maldives hospitality industry. International Journal of
Emerging Markets.
Pal, D., 2021. Socially responsible investment, ethical rating, and separating contracts: A
theoretical exploration in hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality
Management, 93, p.102771.
Park, J. and Min, H.K., 2020. Turnover intention in the hospitality industry: a meta-
analysis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 90, p.102599.
Reis and et. al., 2020. Service robots in the hospitality industry: The case of Henn-na hotel,
Japan. Technology in Society, 63, p.101423.
Sann, R. and Lai, P.C., 2020. Understanding homophily of service failure within the hotel guest
cycle: Applying NLP-aspect-based sentiment analysis to the hospitality
industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 91, p.102678.
Tu, Y., Li, D. and Wang, H.J., 2021. COVID-19-induced layoff, survivors’ COVID-19-related
stress and performance in hospitality industry: The moderating role of social
support. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, p.102912.
Online
Contribution of hospitality industry in UK, 2021. [Online] Available through
<https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-9111/>