Understanding and Leading Change in Organizations - Desklib

This report analyzes the drivers of change and their impact on organizational strategies. It evaluates the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team, and individual behaviors within an organization. The report also provides recommendations for minimizing negative impacts of change on organizational behavior by applying theories and models. The subject is Understanding and Leading Change, and the course code is not mentioned. The report is relevant to students studying organizational behavior, change management, and leadership. The report is suitable for students from any college or university.

UNIT 17 UNDERSTANDING
AND LEADING CHANGE

Table of Contents.
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY (LO1 & LO2)...........................................................................................................3
Introduction to the drivers and impacts of change also evaluating it affects organizational
strategy by giving different organizations examples..................................................................3
Evaluating the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team
and individual behaviours within an organization.......................................................................7
Evaluating measures for minimizing negative impacts of change on organizational behaviour
by applying theories...................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
LO3 & LO 4...................................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................13
DIFFERENT BARRIERS FOR CHANGE ..................................................................................13
FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................14
APPLICATION OF FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS IN MEETING OBJECTIVES ......................15
DIFFERENT LEADERSHIP APPROACHES TO DEAL WITH CHANGE .............................15
EXTENT TO WHICH LEADERSHIP APPROACH CAN DELIVER ORGANIZATIONAL
CHANGE.......................................................................................................................................16
EFFECTIVENESS OF LEADERSHIP APPROACHES AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT
MODEL ........................................................................................................................................18
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................19

INTRODUCTION
Organisational changes are described as various actions and movements taking place
from one place to another. Changes in organization helps in retaining and encourages employees
for working better and developing skills for leading better opportunities which helps in
improving staff morale. Leading change in company helps in retaining and better functioning in
organization by taking initiative for achieving success. Tesco operating as multinational national
retailer Selling different food and non-food products to large consumers. Company is offering
wide range of product portfolio to various consumers including fresh food items also various
grocery and household appliances, electronics. The main objective of company is to serve large
consumers with good quality of food products with establishing cost leadership by offering low
cost products for establishing competitive advantage in dynamic market. This report provide
details about analysing drivers of change and its impact on organisational strategies. Also,
evaluating influences that drivers of change on organizational behaviour evaluating external and
internal drivers effect leadership and teams. Applying theories and models and critically
evaluating organizational response.
MAIN BODY (LO1 & LO2)
Introduction to the drivers and impacts of change also evaluating it affects organizational
strategy by giving different organizations examples
Organizational changes are described as the forces which is improving and strengthening
progress. Changes in organization helps in increasing productivity and also helps increasing
profits in business. Drivers of changes are mainly external and internal drives which impacts the
internal operation of business also impacts in changing the external behaviours of Tesco's
operating in dynamic environments. Various drivers of changes includes :
Shifting of cultures : This internal driver of change , As by establishing new enterprise
in new global countries, also shifting culture in company changes interrelate operations
employees affecting business. As changes into working culture impact the business operations
positive and negative (Alnuaimi and et.al., 2021). Changes in culture occurs due to various
factors as of technical changes, economic changes, various new interventions. Example: Asda
shifting culture as for establishing open communication and treating all employees working in
company in flexible manner. For this company is surrounding and providing various incentives

to employees working in company for increasing productivity and gifting cards by recognising
employee achievements. Thus, Shifting culture help company in retaining employees of Asda
and achieving competitive advantages over others as by providing flexible working culture helps
in performing more efficiently. As shifting in culture impacted employees motivation and
retaining practices in company because as working environment changes due to cultural changes
in big companies.
Demand of consumers: Consumer behaviours changes products and services offered to
consumers. It is and external driver of changes which mainly aids in describing about the
changes in consumers preferences and demand impact company as with the covid impacted and
changes consumer demand as with preferring more organic and preferable goods. As with
consuming more packaged and organic food products which are healthier and promoting heathy
lifestyles (Brand and et.al., 2021). Changing demand of consumers impacted and drives changes
in company as by changing sales patterns also impacted with adopting continuous changing
needs as for surviving into dynamic global marketplace. Example: Sainsbury is answering all
consumer demand by offering convenient shopping experience. As by establishing the stores all
over the world by enabling the consumer market for driving sales online and fast tracking
consumer purchases. Also, considering consumer demand ass for lowering prices of products by
cutting down various operational cost of the company. Also, achieving the micro convenience by
establishing stores and establishing online business whereas selling and more organic food
products and making more convenient by offering and distributing range of products with
distributors while shopping online form mobile phone. With the change in demand as for
purchasing the organic and healthier products adopting this demand by selling more recycle food
packaging products and focusing on healthier food products.
Technological innovation: As with technological innovation, with the advent of digital
technological environment with the rapid growth in techniques used with latest adopting
technology helps in changing shopping pattens of consumers (Ford and et.al., 2021). This is the
external driver of changes which results in by shifting form offline to online stores with adopting
the latest technological trend help in providing more convenient products with shopping online
easily just by using mobile apps and ordering from website of stores. Example: Tesco,
Operating online store by using websites helps in easily changing price of various product
offered to consumer and also offering products with customization with changing dates

information on addressing the latest website feature with adopting the technology. Thus,
technical innovation helps in changing various online also offline operation in Tesco company.
Strategy changes: Changes in strategy is considered as an internal driver of change in
various companies. As strategy changes as for changing and boosting competitiveness and
increasing market share in the dynamic market (Holtström, 2021). Forming various strategies as
for increasing profits and achieving more target market changes the internal operating and
working pattens for achieving objectives. Example : In Morrison changes occurs due to
adopting New card option strategy, card option is introduced for purchasing products from
supermarket stores. As any shoppers whose card is lost and damages, affecting its shopping
experience in Morrison. This current target schemes is adapted for giving five points and
vouchers to consumers for achieving competitive advantage and loyal consumers market for the
company.
Introduction of new products and services: Introducing new products and service into
market changes companies policies and strategy. As introducing new product in market is
external driver of changes, it is necessary as by considering various needs and wants of
consumers. New product helps in grasping new market share and support in targetting consumers
with offering new product ranges as for retaining consumers in target market (Frasquet, Ieva and
Ziliani, 2021). This changes various approaches and policies for distributing and marketing of
products in market. Example: Asda introducing new product store as by establishing new
sustainability store for reducing plastic and opting greener options for providing sustainability
services. As by encouraging consumer for not paying for purchasing greener options. The main
aim of establishing and introducing sustainability store helps in reducing plastic usage by
packaging and protecting the planet. Also, reducing the plastic pollution with adopting various
innovative approaches help in scheduling and shifting from single usage of plastics with
adopting more organic food and recyclable packaging products.
Growth opportunities: Growth opportunities is considered as main external driver of
changes in company. As various new opportunities available in market place as for achieving
and growing business operation's. As for introducing of new product and operating into new
market operations the growth opportunities available for company impact and influence to
change its internal policies for growing and achieving success into dynamic marketplace (Khan,
2021). Example: Morrison is expanding its market by adapting various growth opportunities to

grow market share in business. As by partnering with the Ocado, for grasping significant
opportunities as for offering various online food products for improving the customer insights
and growing target area. Also partnering with wholesalers as with amazon as for meeting target
turnover of company by grasping and targeting amazon consumers for improving shopping
experience by providing home delivery of various products to consumer. Thus, by partnering
helps in grasping various growth opportunities for company and helps in changing the operations
by satisfying consumers of both existing and partnering company.
Internal driver of change  Shifting of culture
 Strategy changes
External driver of change
 Growth opportunities
 Introduction of new products and
services
 Technological innovation
 Demand of consumers
The main internal driver of change are as follows : The shifting of culture and the change
in strategy and policies of the company impacts the leadership and teams and individual
behaviour. The culture followed in the Tesco impacts the leadership behaviour which influences
the employee’s behaviour for working and serving the company for achieving the objectives. As
changes in the culture impacts and influence the behaviour , as the leaders of the company
mainly shapes the business practices which mainly moulds the attitude of team members for
achieving the Tesco's aims. Also the changes in the strategy impacts the leader and employees
working because these changes aids in providing the vision and directs the employees for
acquiring the new achievements.
Recommendation:
 As adopting and planning for changes is necessary in for this different organization must
plan and devise policies for implementing changes successfully in company.
 Motivating employees and educating properly for adopting changes in company helps in
increasing productivity and engaging employees for accepting changes in fruitful manner.

 Creating roadmap by being transparent and adopting various actions by clearly defining
change helps in determining impacts and changes in business. Training employees
working in company for adopting various changes .
 Planning and identifying need for changes as for improving and achieving competitive
advantages in operating supermarket.
 Providing training to employees working and helps in mastering various skills and
abilities helps in adapting changes in Tesco.
Evaluating the ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviours within an organization
Internal analysis by using swot model and external analysis by using pestle model helps
in evaluating the drivers of changes which impacts company leadership and team behaviours
consisting in company while operating business.
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strengths
 The Tesco's is recognized as biggest
grocery store having efficient supplier
and operating as the highest market
share globally.
 Diversified business into many
countries operating with multiple
cultures and supplying products in
large consumers in global markets.
 Using advanced packaging techniques
differentiation the competitors helps in
achieving competitive advantages.
 Focusing on digital market strategy
helps in marketing and achieving
competitive advantage to Tesco (SWOT
Analysis of TESCO, 2022).
Weakness
 Legal laws and various switching from
club card option impact and change
company policies.
 Operating with low cost leadership
strategy aids in providing various
product at low cost with minimizing
and less earning profit for Tesco's.
 Selling lower quality of food products
as for maintaining low prices aids in
reducing target market and loyal
consumers.
 Selling unsafe and shortage of products
is leading company by reducing the
prices also shortage of food products
due to restriction of Brexit impact
company and drives changes.

Opportunities
 Adopting new technical ways as for
producing and packaging food products
in market helps in grasping
opportunities by adopting new
digitalizing techniques for providing
convenient food products by offering
online at Tesco website.
 Investing into new emerging markets
helps in expanding target market and
increased profits of company.
 Expanding Tesco stores by venturing
and partnerships with other companies
and in other countries helps in grasping
and growing business.
 Adopting and introducing new range of
products as of vegetarian and adopting
suitable and unique packing aid in
changing strategies of Tesco and
recognised as driver of changes.
Threats
 Various competitors of impacts Tesco
supermarkets and its market share by
providing similar products to large
consumers.
 Brexit deal impacted business as major
imports from EU restriction impacted
various fresh food selling products and
leads towards shortages food products.
 Political rules and regulations as of
restriction due to Brexit impacts
company operations as for operating
business online due to covid and
taxation policies changes and reduces
profits and revenues of Tesco.
PEST ANALYSIS
Political factors
Various rules and regulations by government impacting the company. Taxing rates,
political instability environment, also import duties and producing various goods with complying
the safety and security of various food products aids in recognizing as driver of change. As due
to Brexit various restriction on importing of goods from the EU aids in changing the companies
polices and various strategies by operating with new regulations and importing duties. Also,
offering safety products changes Tesco policies and various rules for adopting and operating
with all safety regulations as for producing and providing various products to large consumers.

Thus, level of political stability and riles and regulations impacts internal policies of Tesco
related to production and distribution of various food products in dynamic market.
Economic factors
Various economic factors impact company and aid in recognizing as driver of changes.
The covid pandemic impacted business as resulted on shifting form offline to online store as for
supplying goods to large consumers as for sustaining into the pandemic market. Also, expanding
market of the Tesco impacts and influenced for adopting as driver of changes. Company is
expanding its market as for achieving and growing business in global market. As various
taxation policies as for expanding its market operations into the other global countries impacts
tesco revenues earning capacity and internal operation (PESTLE Analysis of TESCO, 2022). As
various changes in policy at economic level impact and regarded as external driver of changes
for Tesco.
Social factors
Social factors impacting Tesco operations are recognized as driver of changes. Various
consumer trends and preferences impact company production operations in market. Also, various
local and social preferences impacts the company as vegan trend of consuming the vegetarian
and purchasing more sustainable products from the supermarkets. Furthermore, of consuming
more plant based products is recognized as driver of change. Also, various employment
opportunities and level of labour market available for Working in company impacts the day to
day operations of business. Which is impacting Tesco various strategies and policies for
sustaining into the current market.
Technological factors
Recent technological advancement as for shifting the offline to online store by making
more convenient purchases for consumer impacted tesco. Using technology as for producing
consumer goods and adopting various new methods of payment, also by adopting online
payments and adopting various new barcode options with new scanning systems. As transferring
offline stores as e-commerce platform for supplying during pandemic impacts the Tesco.
Furthermore, as for transferring business online is the main driver of changes in company which
has impacted the whole business by shifting from offline to online stores. Also, the cash less
billing options help in saving time and helps in reducing queuing line in supermarket. So various
new technical adopting drives changes in business as by adopting scan as you shop in the

company helps consumers in quickly purchasing and saving time for standing in queuing line for
billing.
Effect on leadership and team behaviour:
Various changes in the company as of political changes, technical changes, also
economical nd social changes impact leadership and various team of individual working in
company. As leaders play important role in managing changes in Tesco. As by creating mission,
vision and objectives for achieving and attaining profits the main role of leaders is for guiding
business operation. The leaders in company effectively communicate and managing changes
effectively in company. As all internal and external drivers of changes impact the leadership, as
leaders in tesco helps in engaging and guiding employees for adapting changes effective. As
leadership of Tesco is affected by political factors as of employees expecting transparency from
leaders as for communicating and positively working in company (Tate and et.al ., 2022). Also,
the decision-making procedures impacts employees working in team with other team members.
Furthermore, with various rules and regulations changes and with increasing into competition
level in the economy impacts leadership as it requires advancements and quick developments for
bossing and achieving primary goals with enhancing productivity and workforce planning.
Furthermore, with expanding supermarket stores of Tesco globally and working with all
diversifies worked in company, leader are impacted as for adopting the diversifying procedures
and adopting decision-making processes with considering culture, mission and vision of
company. Also, accepting various level of individuals and team members opinions by taking
decisions of business. Furthermore, managing new cultures, technologically adaptions, new
taxation policies and various other changes impact leaders in taking various decision of Tesco.
Evaluating measures for minimizing negative impacts of change on organizational behaviour by
applying theories
Adopting various measures as for minimizing negative impact of changes on
organizational behaviour in company are as follows:
Clearly defining the changes with aligning business goal : As by clearly defining goals
to employees and defining changes to employees helps in mitigating negative impacts on the
behaviour. As by adopting this helps in changing and improving behaviour of workers because it
aids in better understanding goals and helps in adopting change in positive manner. Furthermore,
this leads to positive impact by resulting in adopting changes easily in Tesco's.

Communication openly with all employees: Communicating openly with employees
helps in adopting changes and mitigating negative impacts on the behaviour of various
individuals. Also, by developing communication strategy helps in reducing negative impact of
changes on employees working in company. As various drivers of changes on working methods,
for this management mus communicate openly to all employees as by defining the impact of
changes in workplace (Siders, 2019). As for instance changing culture and adopting the latest
technology helps in gaining better competitive advantage to business. Thus, by adopting and
developing proper communication channel in Tesco helps to achieve and adopting changes by
employees and aid In moulding behaviour of employees for adopting changes in positive
manner.
Training employees : Training employees for adopting changes inTesco helps in
adapting occurrence by acquiring various skills and abilities for working in company. As training
employees support personnels and changes behaviours (Pathiranage, 2019). As by continuing
learning and training employees helps in adopting changes and moulding behaviour supports in
learning and accommodating various cultures, in positive manner as by improving skills and
working methods.
Implementing supportive structure and culture: Implementing supportive structure
helps in moulding and changing behaviours of employees. As it aid in supporting employees by
building more proficiency and technical skills as for working in tesco. Restructuring Tesco aid in
supporting employees for adopting changes in positive manner (Hurdubei and Profiroiu, 2019.).
Proper mentoring employees for adapting changes supports in moulding behaviour and reducing
negative impact to changes in company.
Team working and adaptiveness to change: As by encouraging team working in
company and adaptiveness helps in adjusting changes easily. Moreover, adaptiveness and team
working ability gives positive impact and motivates employees for working better by positively
adopting changes as by establishing positive working environment.
Furthermore, by using Stage theory by Kurt Lewin, this theory helps in adapting and
taking various steps for adopting changes by responding with positive manner. This theory is
based on main idea as company passes with series of steps with adopting changes. The main four
steps of adopting changes in Tesco comprises as firstly, awareness of problems and possible
solutions. As by being aware of problems and changes in company and finding possible solutions

helps in moulding and adopting change in positive manner. Further, by implementing changes as
by redefining problems and innovation or changes in company also accommodating proper
structure for adapting changes and moulding behaviour. The last step explains about the changes
are part of organization and helps in innovating and achieving success with operating into
dynamic surroundings. Thus, by applying this theory helps in moulding behaviour by
understanding changes as it is essential part for achieving success for operating in dynamic
surroundings.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that changes in environment affects company
operation as of internally and externally. For sustaining into current competitive environment
adopting changes existing into the external and internal environment as for growing the business
is necessary. Tesco operating as multinational retailer serving large number of consumers in
dynamic environment by establishing store offline and online with using websites. Various
drivers of changes are compromising of changes due to culture, demand technological changes,
consumer demands, various new growth opportunities also introducing new product and services
in market changes various different organizational strategies and approaches and working
methods for producing and manufacturing the products. Also, with swot and pestle analysis aids
in impacting the company’s operations. Also, adopting various measures for minimizing the
engage impacts of organizational changes.

LO3 & LO 4
INTRODUCTION
This section of the report is being focused on identifying the manners in which barriers to
change impact leadership decision making and will also going to focus on field force analysis. It
will analyse driving and restraining forces and will evaluate how these forces influences decision
making. This section will also throw light on varied leadership approaches being adopted by
managers and leaders of Tesco and different change management models and theories will be
explored.
DIFFERENT BARRIERS FOR CHANGE Inadequate communication strategy – One of the common barriers to change is
inadequate communication strategy in place. Many a times the top leaders of Tesco
thinks that they have announced change and workers will adapt and prepare themselves
for the change. However, this is dumbest approach and there will be strong opposition for
the change (Bolden, 2016). Ineffective leadership – In case the workers are not able to embrace change in the
workplace, the execution of change will be going to fail. If the leaders in the company are
not capable enough of encouraging and motivating employees in relation with the change
than new practices cannot be adopted effectively. Fear of unfamiliar – This is being referred as the most common barrier that Tesco will
going to face at the time of change. For those employees who are working in the
company from past several years, single change in the process is not acceptable as they
are acquainted with the earlier processes. They fear regarding the unfamiliar things.
 Involvement of employees – Tesco might face this barrier as this is the most prevalent
impediment to change management. Each and every worker have an intrinsic dread in
regards with change unless and until they are being engaged in the process of change. If
the company fails in involving employees in the transformation process, there be
resistance to change eventually.
FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS
Forces that are driving change in the company

Driving forces
Customers
Human resource
Technological factors
Effective leadership
Forces that are restraining change in the company
Restraining forces
Environmental impacts
Ineffective planning
Absence of communication strategy
Government legislations
Technological advancement
Speaking in relation with force field analysis, it is being developed by Kurt Lewin in the
year 1940 and is being utilized as an important model for making business decisions. Since,
Tesco is planning to have large scale change, there are different driving forces which are
encouraging change management for Tesco (Webb, 2017). The very first is the customers. The
base of the customer is continuously increasing and thus, it is suggested to the company to make
use of self-checkout system at check points for avoiding congestion and can easily minimize one
of the important restraining factors that technological advancement. The second driving force is
human resource as the main aim of the human resource of Tesco is to uninterruptedly augment
the skills for putting best of their efforts to the business and thus, effective training and
development sessions should be planned so that change can be planned and communicated
effectively. It is also suggested that the leaders of Tesco should adopt democratic leadership style
wherein each employee are being recognized in every single decision.
However, there are some restraining forces as well which detains or prevents the process
of change management. Since, Tesco does not have effective communication strategy and thus, it
might face opposition. Even, there is ineffective planning within the company in relation with the
change integration. Additionally, external environmental and government legislations might also
detain the change management process of the company

APPLICATION OF FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS IN MEETING
OBJECTIVES
Vision The Company is planning to have large scale changes and thus, it is
important to analyse how it will impact the strategy and operations of the
firm.
Driving forces Customers, human resource, effective leadership and technological
factors
Restraining
forces
Ineffective planning, environmental impact, communication strategy and
government legislation
Decision The company should go for large scale changes within the strategy and
processes, however they need to concentrate on communication strategy
and must have effective planning in place. Changes should take place
considering the governmental legislations and within minimum influence
on the environment
There are different steps being involved in regards with application of the force field analysis
 The very first step is determining the main vision of the organization. The Company is
planning to have large scale changes and thus, it is important to analyse how it will
impact the strategy and operations of the firm.
 Second is determining the driving forces and restraining forces, which is being done in
the previous slide (Walls, 2019).
 The last step involves evaluating these forces and making decisions
DIFFERENT LEADERSHIP APPROACHES TO DEAL WITH CHANGE
For the purpose of management of change in the organization Tesco, situational and
transformational leadership approach can be incorporated:
 Situational leadership approach – It is being referred as that approach which claims that
there is no single manner of leading people and focusses that style of the leaders must be
identified by the qualities of their followers. Further, situational leadership approach

proclaims that when the behaviour of the leader is coordinated with the skills and
confidence level of their followers, the leaders will be able to extract maximum
performance and efforts for them (Situational Leadership Model (SLM), 2018). Thus,
Tesco can make use of this approach for instilling culture of the firm and for promotion
of effective leadership for managing change.
 Transformational leadership approach – This is being referred as that leadership style
which emphasize on good change for people and social system both. Such type of style
helps in motivating the employees and followers to look further than their self-interest
towards the larger organizational benefit. This approach will help Tesco in motivating the
workers to consider optimistic change.
EXTENT TO WHICH LEADERSHIP APPROACH CAN DELIVER
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
For successfully implementing change within the company, the manager should make use of
Kotter’s 8 step change management model

Figure 1:Kotter’s 8 step change management model
(Kotter’s 8-step process, 2018).
 Create - The Company has made decision that they are required to make improvement in
their competitive position and need to enhance their customer service for maintaining the
leadership position in the market. Due to this, Tesco is planning to have large scale
changes in the organization’s strategy and processes. There is sense of urgency to change
technologies, systems and other processes for effective change management.
 Build – For this change management, the firm will require to form a group that will
comprise area management, employees, supervisors and representative of trade union
with the power as well as authority for the purpose of having meaningful change.
 Form – At this level, Tesco is required to form a new strategic vision as well as
initiatives for delivering excellent level of services to the customers (Kotter’s 8-step
process, 2018).
 Enlist – This simply means encouraging volunteers and involving them in sensible
activities.
 Enable – For this, the change managers are required to carry out training programs for
instilling the significance of self-out system and to help the workers in overcoming the

challenges and barriers. At this level, awards and rewards can be announced by the
managers for the workers who will help the firm in making the objectives a reality.
 Generate – This involves highlighting the short terms wins as it helps in encouraging as
well as motivating employees for better work performance in the near future. In this
context, Tesco can release a report on their websites and stories that can be published in
press.
 Sustain – this is the stage which significantly involves management of all the finances
that will be required for implementing change in the company and planning that will be
needed for institutionalized change within the processes, systems and strategies of Tesco.
 Institute –This the final stage which comprises instituting the new approaches which
entails communicating the significance of keeping up the change to all the staff members
(Grant, 2015).
Varied leadership approaches being taken into account in Tesco can be highly effective in
applying suitable frameworks and models. Leadership strategies in the firm can be beneficial for
the workers for comprehending the reason behind the significance of bringing alteration in the
practices and the manners in which the performance can be influences in case of change
negligence. Through this manner, leadership strategies are likely executed the models of change
management in Tesco.
EFFECTIVENESS OF LEADERSHIP APPROACHES AND CHANGE
MANAGEMENT MODEL
 Situational and transformational leadership style are very effective as through this the
company will be able to control the results
 Leadership approaches also motivates the workers to work far more than their
competence which will again support the firm in delivering effective organizational
change
 The Kotter’s change management model involves step by step guidance and description
for easy implementation of change

The leadership approaches adopted such as situational and transformational are very
effective as through this the company will be able to control the results as the leaders can
influence the direction and actions of the organization. Furthermore, these leadership approaches
also motivate the workers to work far more than their competence which will again support the
firm in delivering effective organizational change (Pendleton and Furnham, 2018). Further, the
change management model is also effective as it involves step by step guidance and description
for easy implementation of change.
CONCLUSION
Thus, it can be concluded that there are many barriers to change which can impact the change
management process at Tesco. The report has significantly determined different driving and
restraining forces. The leadership approaches and change management model can be applied to
deal with the change taking place in Tesco

REFERENCES
Alnuaimi, M and et.al., 2021. Towards intelligent organisations: an empirical investigation of
learning orientation's role in technical innovation. International Journal of Innovation
and Learning. 29(2). pp.207-221.
Bolden, R., 2016. Leadership, management and organisational development. In Gower
handbook of leadership and management development. Routledge.
Brand, M and et.al., 2021. Agility as an innovation driver: towards an agile front end of
innovation framework. Review of Managerial Science. 15(1). pp.157-187.
Ford, J.K and et.al., 2021. Creating energy for change: The role of changes in perceived
leadership support on commitment to an organizational change initiative. The Journal of
Applied Behavioral Science. 57(2). pp.153-173.
Frasquet, M., Ieva, M. and Ziliani, C., 2021. Online channel adoption in supermarket
retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 59. p.102374.
Grant, D., 2015. Guest editorial: discourse and organizational change. Journal of Organizational
Change Management. 18(1). pp.6-15.
Holtström, J., 2021. Business model innovation under strategic transformation. Technology
Analysis & Strategic Management. pp.1-13.
Hurdubei, R. E. and Profiroiu, A.G., 2019. Implementation of a New Performance Management
System–Driver for the Change of the Organisational Culture in a Telecommunication
Company in the Middle East. Revista de Management Comparat International. 20(1).
pp.4-13.
Khan, M., 2021. A retrospective analysis of organizational change: A case study of Octaware
Technologies. International Journal of Business Strategies. 6(1). pp.1-11.
Pathiranage, J., 2019. Organizational culture and business performance: an empirical
study. International Journal of Economics and Management. 24(2).pp.264-278.
Pendleton, D. and Furnham, A., 2018. Leadership: All You Need to Know. London: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Siders, A. R., 2019. Adaptive capacity to climate change: A synthesis of concepts, methods, and
findings in a fragmented field. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 10(3).
p.e573.

Tate, W and et.al ., 2022. Transitions, opportunities and challenges–Change and continuity at
JPSM. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. p.100755.
Walls, E., 2019. The value of situational leadership. Community practitioner: the journal of the
Community Practitioners'& Health Visitors' Association. 92(2). pp.31-33.
Webb, S.P., 2017. Knowledge management: Linchpin of change. Routledge.
Online
SWOT Analysis of TESCO. 2022. [Online] Available Through
:<https://swotandpestleanalysis.com/swot-analysis-of-tesco/>
PESTLE Analysis of TESCO. 2022. [Online] Available Through:
https://swotandpestleanalysis.com/pestle-analysis-of-tesco/
Kotter’s 8-step process. 2018. [Online]. Available through: < https://www.kotterinc.com/8-steps-
process-for-leading-change/ >. [Accessed on 8thApril 2022].
Situational Leadership Model (SLM). 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.toolshero.com/leadership/situational-leadership-hersey-blanchard/>.
[Accessed on 8thApril 2022].