Understanding Self and Others

Understanding Self and Others

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Evaluating the psychological approaches...............................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
Reflective Journal Entry 1......................................................................................................4
Reflective Journal Entry 2......................................................................................................6
Reflective Journal Entry 3......................................................................................................7
Personal development plan.....................................................................................................8
..........................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
To engage in the social world individual has to understand self and others. Understanding
self and others is a backbone of social cognition which focuses on how people use social
information to encode, store and apply in social situations. Psychology assist in understanding
how different mental functions work and how people behave in different situations. Psychology
is relevant to solve many problems related to teaching and learning, socialization of children at
home and in outside world, motivating self and others and solving emotional problems of self
and others (Bernstein, D., 2018). Thus, psychological approaches play a vital role in
understanding the feeling of self and others. Psychology uses scientific methods and study to
understand mind, brain & human behaviour and contributes to improvement in quality of life of
people. To understand the self ad others we need to remember these things in our mind-
Changes in the individuals can be due to maturation or learning, due to environment situations,
etc. The measurement of personality, interest and attitude is usually based of interrelation of
different factors.
Evaluating the psychological approaches
Biological psychological approach:
Under this approach, human being is considered as a biological structure who has brain and
nervous system internally. Working of nervous system and genetic factors shapes the human
behaviours. This approach considers that behaviour with social world are derived from biological
process. This study represents that drug, electric stimulations, meditation and state of
consciousness affects human behaviour.
Behavioural psychological approach:
This perspective focuses on the role of environment factors in evaluating the way people behave.
This approach states that behaviour of people is a result from the past learning. This approach
doesn't give importance to mental states. In this approach human behaviour and its relationship
with the environmental conditions.
Psychodynamic approach:
This approach focuses on motivational questions about human behaviour and it believes that
each behaviour has its cause and it has to be found in mind. This approach uses the observations
of people suffering from mental disease and considers that early childhood experiences is a

determinant in adult behaviour (Renshaw, Long and Cook, 2015). Approach is based on the view
that human behaviour is driven by aggressive and sexual natural tendency.
Cognitive approach:
In this approach, focus is how people know, think and understand about the world. Human
behaviour involves cognitive process such as remembering, thinking and perceiving. All these
are as important as environmental factors to understand human behaviour. As a active organism,
information is processed and implemented by the people and their cognitions determines the
course of human behaviour. Environment is observed by the people, and they respond on the
basis of its interpretation. Human's thought is both cause and result of the actions performed.
This approach has links with emerging cognitive science and artificial intelligence.
Humanistic approach:
This approach considers human as responsible beings. It states that human behaviour can not
only simply decided by experiences or current conditions. People can make a preference. In this
perspective, spirituality and self realization play an important role and this approach tries to
understand the pattern of life of the people i.e. human experiences in the social world.
Indian perspective:
Indian people always attract towards the objects which creates problems. People ignore their true
nature. And they are not aware of their potentialities. People generally misidentify physical
objects and its remedy is proposed in terms of yoga, bhakti, karma and others.
MAIN BODY
Reflective Journal Entry 1
What is the core skill to develop?
Active listening
Why did I select this skill to reflect on?
Active listening means interpretation of the speaker's message, feelings in a most efficient
way. Active listening is just not hearing but it means fully concentrating on what being said
and responds according. It will help me in my personal life because by actively listening the
family members as well as friends message I can make a good relation with them and this
will improve my personality. And it will help me when I will have a need of them. Active