Understanding Specific Needs

This report discusses the factors that impact services for individuals with specific needs, focusing on the case of Steven who has limited vocabulary and communication difficulties. It also explores the historical overview of disability and the social and medical models of disability.

UNDERSTANDING SPECIFIC
NEEDS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1 .................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Factors impact on services for individual with specific needs..............................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Specific needs can be defined as the disability of health in order of physical impairment
such as communication problem. Additionally, such kind of disability requires support in
executing out daily sets of routine activities. This report covers social and medical model of
disability in relation to individuals along with specific needs.
LO1
P1 Factors impact on services for individual with specific needs
Steven is a school-goer student who has limited vocabulary so is unable to communicate
with people. Additionally, his speech is also difficult which unable to understand for those
people who don't familiar with him (Huang, and et.al., 2018). Grandparents of Steven are strict
and always force him to do things according to them. Inability of interaction with people and
limited vocabulary shows symptoms of Autism. It is a disability disease which has symptoms
such as social exclusion, limited vocabulary etc. It is a type of disability which finds most of the
people either they are child or adult. There are some factors which are responsible for Steven
condition. Factors impacted are described below:
Social exclusion
Steven has limited vocabulary and people unable to understand his speech because he
speaks uncleared and along with limited vocabulary. Due to this disability unable to take part in
social activities that shows he is impacted by social exclusion factor.
Discrimination factors
Steven wants to learn many new skills like budgeting and travelling safety and wants to
spend more time in school rather staying whole day at home. But his grandparents don't allow
him to try new skills as result it influences tension and frustration. It transforms into conflict
between Steven and his grandparents. It shows that disability creates discrimination for Steven
and his grandparents.
Stereotype and prejudice
Stereotype can be defined as “Hippocratic thinking” while prejudice refers as the people
who think disease or disability is a “god punishment”. This factor also reflects in Steven’s case
where grandparents are stereotype and prejudice type. It is described below:
 Social care services want to help Steven so, they offer services to grandparents to give
care of Steven. Here grandparents reject most offers for help because they suspicious

about social services. They don't even consider that Steven has any disability therefore,
he is unable to communicate with peoples. It directly shows that grandparents are
stereotype type. While suspicious about social services and prefers to care homely shows
that they keep prejudice type as well.
Historical overview of disability
The public who has mental and physical and emotional impairment shows that they have
disability. Generally, disability doesn't change but meaning of disability changes over the time.
There are some stage which can explain how meaning of disability change over the period.
Early Era
In olden days' disability was considered as a punishment of god or sin of ancestor which
a person have to suffer (Goulet, Hélie and Clément, 2018). In olden days, there was no treatment
available when adult or children suffer from such kind disability they thought their ancestors or
god give punishment to them. Most of the people isolate them from society.
Middle Era
In middle era, people’s understanding improves due to education approach. In simple
word, people started to view as issue which can treat through individual health and policy
implication. It can be understood thorough Steven case scenario where their grandparents reject
help offered by social services. It shows people were in middle era. They know Steven has mind
disability in that state he requires more support and freedom from their family interruption. As
found similarly, his grandparent’s rejection for social help explains that they keep early era
mentality.
Current Era
Currently, disability is properly defined in medical term that is Autism or mental
retardation, physical impairment etc. various policies has amended for offering high quality care
services to patient. Quality services are patient compliance and formulary compliance. Even
Disability Act also has implemented for offering services such kind people around the world.
Social Model and Medical Model of Disability
Social model
This model expresses that disability causes by the way of society which is organized for
them rather than on the basis of people's impairment (Brooks, Gerada and Chalder, 2017). This
model helps those patients who suffer from disability. Social model provides them freedom to

complete their desires what they want. It also offers social supports to improve their life
experience and conducts social activity for disable patient. Social model supports society to
determine barriers which makes life harder for disabled people. It is no only supports to
determine barriers but also removes these obstacles by creating equality and provides more
independence, choice and control to disabled people. In Steven case scenario requires social
model which helps him to live life freely without any restriction.
Medical Model
Medical model expresses that disability occurs through impairment and differences from
other normal people. Medical model fixed impairment and changes in patient by offering high
medical services like pharmaceutical services and care provision services. In simple word,
medical model helps to identify in disable problem which causes person comes in abnormal or
disable line (Antonenko, Dawsonand, Sahay, 2017). As result medical model offers
pharmaceutical care and patient compliance to treat them quickly. Care provision is also required
for disabled person because it includes nursing care, personal care and protection which are
needed for disabled person. When they get proper health care services along with medicines on
time that automatically improvs their health. So, Medical model also requires for Steven because
found some symptoms of Autism. It can help Steven to overcome their issues by offering
medication services.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that specific and complex needs of individual person. Discrimination
factors, social exclusion and prejudice and stereotype type factors has been summarized in the
report. Historical overview of disability and medical & social model has been concluded in
report.

REFERENCES
Books And Journals
Antonenko, P.D., Dawson, K. and Sahay, S., 2017. A framework for aligning needs, abilities and
affordances to inform design and practice of educational technologies. British Journal
of Educational Technology. 48(4). pp.916-927.
Brooks, S.K., Gerada, C. and Chalder, T., 2017. The specific needs of doctors with mental health
problems: qualitative analysis of doctor-patients' experiences with the Practitioner
Health Programme. Journal of Mental Health. 26(2). pp.161-166.
Goulet, M., Hélie, S. and Clément, M.È., 2018. Child and family needs profiles among cases
substantiated by child protection services. Child abuse & neglect, 81, pp.366-379.
Huang, S.T and et. al.,2018. Explore patient-specific needs for mHealth solutions in Taiwan: a
mixed study.