Understanding specific needs in health and social care

UNDERSTANDING SPECIFIC NEEDS IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE INTRODUCTION 1 TASK 11 Concepts of health, disability, illness and behaviour in relation to users of health and social-care 1 Analyse how perception of specific needs change over time 2 Analyse impact of social policy, legislation, culture and society for individual with specific needs 2 TASK 23 Analyse care needs of a person with specific needs 3 Current system for supporting individuals with specific needs 4 Explain the services available in a chosen locality for people with

UNDERSTANDING
SPECIFIC NEEDS IN
HEALTH AND SOCIAL
CARE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Concepts of health, disability, illness and behaviour in relation to users of health and social-
care..............................................................................................................................................1
Analyse how perception of specific needs change over time.....................................................2
Analyse impact of social policy, legislation, culture and society for individual with specific
needs............................................................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
Analyse care needs of a person with specific needs...................................................................3
Current system for supporting individuals with specific needs..................................................4
Explain the services available in a chosen locality for people with specific needs....................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
Explain approaches and interventions available to support individual with specific needs.......5
Evaluate effectiveness of intervention strategies for person with specific needs.......................5
Analyse potential impact of emerging developments on support for individual with specific
needs............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
Different concepts of challenging behaviour..............................................................................7
Potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care organisations...................8
Different strategies for working with challenging behaviour associated with specific needs....8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Health and social care is a term that define those services which are provided by social
and health care provider. It includes healthcare provision, infrastructure, private and public
sector. Specific needs are referred as specialised services or care which is given to an individual
due to any physical, mental or emotional difficulty (Archer and et. al., 2011). These needs are
able to impact ability of an individual such as mental health, cognitive impairments and other
disabilities. This assignment is written in context of a patient with bran injury who have end his
own life due to poor social and healthcare services. This report will cover concepts related with
disability, illness, behaviour and health along with perceptions and care of patient with needs.
Beside this, different approaches and interventions to support people with individual needs are
mentioned. At last, strategies for coping up with the challenging behaviour that are related with
social needs is discussed.
Case scenario:
A forty three year old individual Tom lost his life due to improper care and medical
assistance from health and social care services. Tom had an accident 20 year back due to which
he developed long-standing mobility, substance misuse problem and mental health issues. In
October 2013, teams of Somerset and NHS assessed that Tom is fine and not indulged in
activities like self harm and suicide. In this regard family of Tom complains about health
professionals due to their negligence while treating him. After accident patient was not given
proper treatment due to which he faces chronic pain, depression and insomnia. To overcome
these issues, he starts taking drugs. In 2006, Tom is given responsibility to take care of Liz so
that he get a purpose to live. But his condition deteriorates due to regular intoxication and no
healthcare assistance. In 2014, Tom was found dead at Somerset home.
TASK 1
Concepts of health, disability, illness and behaviour in relation to users of health and social-care
Health is defined as a state of complete social, physical and mental well being rather can
considering the absence of infirmity and disease only. As per the opinion of world health
organisation, health is referred as a positive concept which emphasize on personal and social
resources along with physical capabilities. In case of Tom, he was not health as his mental
condition was not stable. Disability is referred to the physical or mental state of the person due to
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which performing basic activities becomes a complex task. For example, due to brain injury,
Tom faces difficulty in taking care of himself and this results in further injuries and accidents.
Illness is a health issue which restricts a person to perform regular jobs and activities (Aveyard,
2014). Illness can either be permanent or temporary depending upon it severity. In case of Tom,
he had permanent illness i.e. a brain injury. This condition takes place because he was not given
proper assistance and treatment on right time. Due to this, illness faced by Tom impacts his body
and mind in a considerable manner.
Behaviour is a condition in which an individual reacts towards the situation as per
circumstances. It is also influenced by certain activities which can results in health errors. As per
social concepts, right behaviour of a person helps them in dealing with illness and disease in a
proper manner due to which their chances to became well increases. In case of Tom, if proper
care and assistance have been provided to him then he would have not faced severe injuries and
accidents due to bad and abusive behaviour.
Analyse how perception of specific needs change over time
The perception and opinion of people towards the patient with specific needs changes
over time. In this context, there are significant changes that has been noticed among the
behaviour and attitude of people towards the patient which have specific needs. To deal with
patients having arm and leg disabilities, government have given charge to their care takers to
take care of them such as their parents or guardians. For mentally unstable people, government in
UK have formulated different laws and regulations so that they can be given required treatment
In context with Tom, as patient was facing severe brain injury, his family wanted to give him
proper care and treatment so that specific needs of patient can be addressed in a desired manner.
As Tom became a drug addict and abuser, he required special treatment in rehabilitation and
other social care places. But as specific needs of Tom has not been considered, he lives a painful
life full of solitude and injuries (Becker and Kleinman, 2013).
Analyse impact of social policy, legislation, culture and society for individual with specific
needs
In field of healthcare and social care, legislations along with social policies, society and
culture plays an essential role when necessary services are provided to people having having
specific needs. If social policy will not be in the favour of person with specific needs then it will
became difficult for that individual to live a peaceful and favourable life. In this regard,
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legislations are essential at both mass and individual level. For instance, In UK it is the
responsibility of comprehensive health service to provide help to mental and physical health
patients. Along with providing service, these organisations are given responsibility to diagnosis
different physical and mental issues. Outcomes of these services can be acknowledged on the
quality and effectiveness of service (Bowling, 2014). In case of Tom, Somerset council and
NHS teams were given responsibility to provide specific needs to Tom as per his condition. They
state that Tom is at low risk of self harm and suicide due to which he is mentally capable to take
care of himself. If Tom was provided with treatment as per social policies and legislations
formulated by government at right time, he could have lived a better life. In this regard, some
policy and legislations are mentioned below:
 Health and social care Act, 2012: It specify different rules that are required to be
followed by user and service providers of health care sector. It define various guidelines
so that appropriate care and services can be offered to the needy people.
 National health service Act, 2006: It is concerned with fund allocation to different fields
and sectors from national health service. This work is carried out under the supervision of
UK government. This Act ensures proper functioning of healthcare services as long as
monetary stuff is needed.
TASK 2
Analyse care needs of a person with specific needs
Ton can be considered as a vulnerable adult which needs special care and treatment. He is
facing severe brain injury due to which he faces problem like chronic pain, depression and
insomnia. This restrict Tom to perform his daily activities and work without the assistance and
help of other people. As per the case study, Tom faces substance misuse and mental health
problems. He moved in with Liz and started to look and care for her, this became a purpose of
this life. But things became worse when his health and mental condition starts deteriorating
further (Coleman and et. al., 2012). Due to which, Tom became aggressive and temperamental.
In this regard, social and healthcare professionals needs to understand the root cause of patients
illness after it an appropriate treatment must be started. If environmental and social factors would
have been in favour of Tom, he must have recovered against his illness. People with brain
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injuries and mental issues faced aggressiveness, therefore remedies should be adopted so that
their anger can be controlled. Also, patients like Tom which are facing brain illness are required
to be treated with love and care so that they can feel comfortable and easily share their feelings
and opinion with others and health professional in an eased way.
Current system for supporting individuals with specific needs
Several facilities are given to people which have specific needs. Beside this, there are
different public and private organisations which operates in UK to help needy people so that they
can spend a normal and healthy life. To generate better understanding with the given case, Tom
has required both formal and informal care when he met with an accident and faced a severe
brain injury 20 years back. There is a helpline service which is provided by organisations like
Somerset and NHS so that guidance and care can be provided to those people which are in need.
These organisations aims to provide consultancy to them so that difficult situations can be tacked
in a simple manner (Glasby, 2017).
Current system plays a vital role for giving assistance to those people which are facing
similar situation like Tom. It consists of regulations like human right Act 1998, non-
discrimination for disables Act etc. These acts helps in offering assistance to normal people
along with individuals with specific needs. Person which are facing mental issues such as Tom
requires more affection, love and social interactions which is not given to them. But for normal
people, it is easy to get involved socially. In this regard, European court of human rights aims to
provide required assistance to the patients.
Explain the services available in a chosen locality for people with specific needs
There are different social care organisations and centres that work for the individuals
suffering from mental disease. They can either work in a private and public sector with the aim
of serving people with specific needs in a proper manner. This will help them in recovering and
getting better in a proper manner. In UK, NHS is an voluntary organisation which works under
government support so that healthcare facilities can be provided to those people which can't
afford them (Green and Thorogood, 2018). In UK, there are different day care centres which also
aims to provide normal life to individuals which suffers mental illness. This will prevent their
life form getting vulnerable. Beside this, there are some individuals which faces mobility issues
such as disability in legs, arms, hands etc. These people can be provided with impairments such
as wheelchair so that they can make their life easy. In case of Tom, he was given assistance of
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Somerset council and NHS but due to lack of supervision, ignorance form care workers, poor
quality of provided services and stubborn behaviour of service providers, it was considered that
Tom is fine and mentally capable to take care of himself. Due to this, his condition became
worse. But on other side, these organisations provide cooperative Gps and less price for services
due to which family of Tom is not required to spend large money.
TASK 3
Explain approaches and interventions available to support individual with specific needs
There are some strategies and approaches which are required to take care of people with
specific needs. Tom has been suffered from multiple injuries associated with brain and body due
to which he require special attention and care. Desire to have drug and aggression have impacted
his behaviour from time to time. Based on the condition of Tom, approaches and intervention
can vary accordingly. Compare to the problem of mental instability and aggressive behaviour of
Tom, problems like chronic pain and insomnia are moderate. Appropriate attention must be
given to the problem of aggressive behaviour, this approach can benefits in resolving the issue of
high temperament due to which it will became easy for health professional to give proper
treatment.
Intervention strategy which could have been used in the case of Tom is cognitive therapy.
In this method, different means associated with stimulation senses are used so that body and
brain neurons of Tom can be activated. With the help of different sounds and music, sensory and
motor injuries faced by Tom would have been cured (Heart and Kalderon, 2013). This therapy
can help Tom in resolving the issue of insomnia. Other that this, developmental and behavioural
intervention can also be used in situation faced by Tom. As Tom was not given much attention
by its family and health professionals due to which he lacks cognitive abilities. This results them
in depending upon their family and society so that patients like Tom can spend a normal life. In
this regard, developing their abilities and incorporating good behaviour in them will benefits the
victim patients in performing their activities without the help of other individuals.
Evaluate effectiveness of intervention strategies for person with specific needs
Intervention strategies are essential as they results in providing positive gains to the
individuals like Tom. Different physical interventions would have benefited Tom in
rejuvenating his strength and energy which have resulted in reducing his anxiety along with
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dealing societal expectations in a desired manner. Psychological intervention could have helped
Tom to understand better due to which he would have stopped himself from accidents and
injuries that takes place due to regular intoxication. Vocational and educational interventions
have helped Tom in handling his independence and managing specific needs in an appropriate
manner. This is because when people requiring specific needs have idea about their condition,
place in society and other situations, they became more capable in dealing with complexities and
difficulties that came in their way. Specific development methods will helps in showing specific
needs of patients in a more considerable manner. Also, health and well being of patients is
required to be checked on regular basis so that they can be provided with treatments in
accordance with their situation (Korda and Itani, 2013).
Analyse potential impact of emerging developments on support for individual with specific
needs
There are different developmental activities which takes place in social and healthcare
service industry. These activities are carried out so that those individuals can be safeguarded and
protected that face some kind of disability or illness. There are different regulations and acts
which is passed by government like disability discrimination Act 2005, Mental health Act 2007
and health and social care Act, 2008. These act and policies helps in providing solution for the
problems which are faced by mentally ill people. This will benefits them in providing best
treatment that can cure their illness. In the field of healthcare and social care sector, it can be
comprehended that technological innovation will benefits the medical practitioner in providing
better treatment to their patients so that their health situation can be improved.
In case of patients like Tom which are mentally unstable. Advance technology such as
CCTV can help practitioners in monitoring their activities. This will benefits in identifying if
their situation is improving or not (Mitchell and Golden, 2012). Along with this, medical staff
will also get aware about those activities that can threat the condition of patient. Technological
development will also reduce the chances of failing and misshapenness will reduce. This will
help the patients to feel relaxed so that they can enjoy their life without facing much
complexities.
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TASK 4
Different concepts of challenging behaviour
In this there is various number of challenges from the behavioural pattern of the
individual. This is especially happen with the teenagers learning disability. With many disability
recovering drug addicts. At the time physical disability an individual face challenging
behaviour. The challenges which is faced from them are explained below:
Learning disabilities: In this learning disability is found as the disabilities which found
in often in the both teenager and addicts. It is very difficult for the person who are more
addicted. In this Tom was addicted to the drugs in this condition he enable to to learn. Tom is
enable to learn because their sensory power gets weak due to its addiction. In this as a result of
this he get trapped in the problem of ineffective learning (Moldan, Janoušková and Hák, 2012).
Physical disability: This disability is also challenging and can be found behaviour of the
teenagers and addicts. For example : if the person is blind then he is not able to learn but he can
learn from the visuals that means it is easy way for people to learn.
Ill health: This ill health can be defines as physical and mental health because their
addiction their addiction make this happen. It is a type of challenging behaviour which can only
be cured once at the time of addiction is cured.
Physical impairment: This found very common now days. This is very challenging for
learning something in a easy way due to their physical impairment. for example: a student is not
able to go to school and get the education.
Brain injury: In this case Tom also has the brain injury. This injury can be found in drug
addicts. Addiction is something that affects their brain to the most this affect the brain which is
happen in a way like individual think and behave in some unusual manner. This brain injury is
happened when the the abdication is out of the limit and individual face challenging behaviour .
Drugs and alcohol: this drug and alcohol is define as the way which encourage
challenging behaviour behaviour from the individual. In this some time teenagers are also
include in this just because they are young. When teenager are more quickly than those of
normal addicts and show challenging behaviour (Reeves and et. al., 2011).
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Potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care organisations
There are different individuals at Somerset council and NHS foundation which faces
challenging behaviour due to physical or metal impairment. For example, in case of Tom, the
concerned patient remains unconscious for most of the time due to heavy medication. Due to
this, his nature became aggressive and it impacts atmosphere of Somerset and NHS foundation.
In order to deal with challenging behaviour in a proper manner, there are some challenges which
are required to be faced by representatives in social care and health foundations.
Individual risk management and assessment- Due to illness, risk to individual health
increases in a considerable manner. It is challenging to formulate an effective plan and manage
activities by which adverse impact on the reputation of Somerset and NHS foundation can be
reduced. There is provision associated with power of attorney where managers in health care and
social care organisation can take required decisions in urgent situations (Shea, 2016).
Violent behaviour- There are problems in companies when patients acts aggressive and
violent with other people. Some patients are mentally ill and unstable due to which they have no
idea about right and wrong activities. Due to this, atmosphere in Somerset and NHS foundation
became inappropriate and physical violence with staff member increases. Violent behaviour of
staff member reduces the working morale of employees due to which they feel difficult to give
them proper care and treatment.
Protection issues: In this there is the issue of protection in which NHS foundation has
there different patients such as physically handicapped, mentally ill etc. In this protection act is
one of the major issues which faced by the the manager. For example : an individual with
unconscious mind left the hospital premises then this affect the trust and loyalty of clients
family (Tyler, 2013). In this there is the possibility of major legal issues under the rules and
regulation
From above discussion, impact of issues takes place because of challenging behaviour of
patients are understood. In order top deal with it, it is responsibility of managers of Somerset
Partnership NHS Foundation to proper plan and manage activities.
Different strategies for working with challenging behaviour associated with specific needs
There are some strategies which can be adopted so that people with challenging
behaviour can be protected. These strategies are mentioned below:
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Adapting to the environment: This technique will benefits in making patient comfortable
in the provided atmosphere but it can be a big challenge for the service providers as they have to
provide facilities in accordance with the comfortableness of patients. In this regard, they will
have to do required modifications on timely basis (World Health Organization, 2013).
Use of positive behavioural support: This technique will benefits in meeting the required
behaviour which is expected from the customers. Main advantage associated with this strategy is
that it will benefits in learning different behaviour of patients in a considerable manner. But one
disadvantage with this strategy is that it will results in formulation of resistive attitude in the
minds of people.
CONCLUSION
From above mentioned report, it has been concluded that health and social care sector is
wide field and offer support to those individuals which are not financially stable to support
themselves at the time of illness and disease. There are different concepts of health, disability
and illness which are related with health care of a person. People needs special care to overcome
their difficulties and illness in a proper manner. Different interventions and approaches benefits a
person to address its specific needs. There are different aspects that results in challenging
behaviour and this impacts social care organisation in a considerable manner. In this regard,
there are different strategies that can be adopted by organisations to overcome these challenges.
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<https://skillspanorama.cedefop.europa.eu/en/sectors/health-social-care>.
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