Review of Public Health and Social Care Studies

This assignment requires a comprehensive review of various studies related to public health and social care. The provided sources cover topics such as health literacy, population ageing, migrant health, unit costs of health and social care, understanding health and social care, prevention and early intervention with children in need, and more. Students are expected to analyze these studies, identify key concepts and ideas, and provide a detailed summary of the findings.

Understanding Specific
Needs in Health and
Social Care

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 health, disability, illness and behaviour of health and social care services......................3
1.2 Perceptions of specific needs which have changed over time..........................................4
1.3 legislation, social policy, society and culture impact on specific needs..........................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Analyse the care needs of individuals with specific needs...............................................5
2.2 Systems for supporting individuals with specific needs...................................................6
2.3 Services available in a chosen locality for individuals with specific needs.....................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Approaches and interventions easy to support individuals with specific needs...............8
3.2 Effectiveness of intervention strategies for an individual with specific needs................8
3.3 Potential impact of emerging developments on support for individuals with specific needs
................................................................................................................................................9
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Explain different concepts of challenging behaviour.......................................................9
4.2 Potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care organisations......10
4.3 Analyse strategies for working with challenging behaviors associated with specific needs
..............................................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Health and Social Care is referred as services that are provided by health and social care
in United Kingdom. In order to provides services to patient, it is essential to understand their
need and requirements. Different people suffer from various types of diseases and requires
treatment accordingly (Arena, Azzone and Bengo, 2015). Here, HSC has responsibility for
taking care of patient and provide them care, support for getting well soon. As Health is the most
important factor for a living being. But difficulties increase day by day in regular living which
makes it health deteriorating every day. It is necessary for mass people in order to understand
people on the basis of health dynamics. From the changes in the environment large changes have
also taken place in human needs regarding the health and social care services. In this present
study, case is based on a man called Tom who was suffering from brain injury and has not get
proper treatment by Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Care and dies at early stage.
For this regard, investigation has done for examining cause of failure. This assignment cover
understanding perception of health illness, disability, behaviour of individuals, and support,
approaches, intervention strategies for specific needs of an individual. It also some strategies
which are required in order to overcome from challenging behaviour of individuals.
TASK 1
1.1 health, disability, illness and behaviour of health and social care services
There are various concepts, definition and terms used in health and social care. The
concept should be transparent and accurate so that each and every can understand in better
manner. The various terms has used in case that can vary from one another because of people's
perception and those suffering from disease (Balsells and et. al., 2016). It is essential for proper
understanding of different concept so that solution can be provided to problem. Here, the service
provider and service taker both should understand concept in better way so that proper treatment
can be provided to patient. They are described below:
Health- As per social care, health means physical or mental well being of an individual.
It always indicates total good feeling of a person and also absence of disease. But for few people
mean health as the absence of disease. Therefore, in this situation the person can be stated as a
healthy individual effectively. In the case of Tom's has brain injury who did not receive proper
support from health and social care due to which he died.

Disability- In context of United Nations Convention defines disability as people having
long term mental, physical, sensory or intellectual which interact with several barriers that can
hidden their effective and full participation in the society as per the equal basis with others.
Illness- It is a subjective matter that can vary from person to person on basis of personal
emotions and perception. The concept of illness plays very important roles to sickness and
diagnose disease (Banerjee, 2015). On the other hand, it can be defined as the person monitoring
their bodies for analysing symptoms and taking remedial action. It use health care system and
different other sources of help.
1.2 Perceptions of specific needs which have changed over time
With rise in technology and growth, there is rapid changes in world in terms of progress
of social and health care. In the context of health care sector, values, needs and beliefs of patient
are changing as per improvement and building in specified sector. Similarly, in health and social
care sector, organisation should provide needs and should be free from deprivation, assisting
exploitation, abusing others. According to case study, Tom had an accident where he suffered
from brain injury in 2013 and due to lack of proper treatment he died in 2014. This shows that he
was in requirement of specified needs for coping up with disease. It is very necessary for health
and social care to recognise diseases and provide them with proper treatment (Batterham and et.
al., 2016). If they does not recognised problem properly then it can impact health of human being
and their rights. There are many situations where people is lacking communication channels to
communicate their needs to those people who can provide them help, support and care. With rise
in technology and advancement in health and social care, perception of people has changed. It is
necessary for health care sector to move as per change in time and need of people for providing
treatment to patient or injured individual. They should be given proper treatment, positive
treatment, care, support for their fast recovery. The main reason behind alteration in social
customs and trend is due to change in perception of individual, society and differences in
philosophical changes of minds of people for long time period.
1.3 legislation, social policy, society and culture impact on specific needs
In order to run business and organisation, it is significant for health and social care for
implementing various legal legislation which are essential for sustainability of individual life
need, requirement and enhancement of durability. For overcoming any type of service, diseases,
problems, those legislation, society, social policy and culture plays effective role in giving

solution to the problem. According to scenario given in case, Health Care Act, 1982 commenced
by UK parliament in 1995 for starting steps of effective health care and eliminating problems
and contingencies which is related with issues, problems, disease of health (Beard and Bloom,
2015). These act has formulated and implemented by health care for protecting human beings
and giving effectiveness to community for better health.
As per case scenario, Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Care has revealed that
Tom has died due to accident, suicide, self-harm whereas members of family disclosed that death
took place due to lack of proper care by health service, ignorance of medical practitioners,
service handler during problem. Due to change in time and technology, UK parliament has
amended various act in order to find issue and in total favour of family of Tom and blamed NHS
foundation. Different types of laws are made for culture and society that should be followed by
social and health care for providing better care, support and treatment to patient or individual
suffering from diseases. It can lead to goals and objective achievement of social and health care.
If any disabled or special person residing in our society then they should be provided with fair
and equal treatment in order to avoid negative impact from them for society and people. In case
of rude behaviour by society resulted into mental and health condition of patient for thinking
positive about community and individual. Here, social needs and culture plays essential role for
helping mental, disabled and special individual living in society.
TASK 2
2.1 Analyse the care needs of individuals with specific needs
It is significant for health and social care to assist, support and care to special people or
individual. In Tom case study, he suffered from brain injury which needed special treatment for
making him well and cure. There is help requirement in terms of daily facilities in order to assist
and give satisfied outcome to individual or patient (Birt and et. al., 2016). In order to satisfied
patient, it is important for relatives, family members, friends to provide them equality so that
they can live happy and prosperous life. As special patient is required more support and care in
order to perform daily work like roaming around nearby places, dressing ability. Thus, for
performing such activities, it is responsibility of care taker to give them proper training and
development sessions. They need care and support while performing different activities such as
talking, walking in group. It can aid in increasing confidence level of such type of people.

According to case of Tom, he was habitual to alcohol which has affected his physical as
well as mental health. The family member plays effective role in supporting, caring and helping
for avoiding addiction of alcohol. All mental, special, disabled people are considered as part of
community and should be included at social gathering and accept those culture of society
(Bradby and et. al., 2015). While treating special people they should be given equal right rather
than showing sympathy for love and feeling. In current scenario, they lack their requirements so
alteration need to be made for their performance. Here, social need aid in treating each and every
special people equally that helps them to understand feeling about happening in society and their
reaction.
As per Tom case study, Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Care has not
performed in better manner in order to provide services to him. This creates negative impact
upon his family to avail health and social care facilities. The lack of proper and effective
treatment leads to affect Tom's health for better performing and cure. For this arise situation,
Tom is needed care taker all time for caring his activities and work in better and effective
manner for work performance. This can lead him for better understanding of right and wrong.
Therefore, Tom is required with social, security and physiological needs for fulfilling
requirement and stay happy and satisfied.
2.2 Systems for supporting individuals with specific needs
For supporting specific needs of individuals, proper training and development
programmes need to be conducted in order to perform various activities and task. It can assist in
basic earning of livelihood along with freedom. There are various kinds of corporation running at
UK for special individual in order to perform work according to culture, behaviour and values of
community (Curtis and Burns, 2015). Also there are NGO's which are working for increasing
knowledge and enhancing skills to special people. This includes Community Service for Autistic
Children and Adults, Information Centre for Person with Disability, Scientific and Cultural
Organisation for Disabled, Development of Education, Benhavens Residential Program etc. are
working in order to improve style. The various programmes are sponsor under association to
improve knowledge. Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Care is improving working
style of sector. Here, main aim of organisation is providing help and knowledge to Tom where he
can present socially in front of him. Some of programs for enhancement of knowledge and skills
are mentioned below:

Guidance- This type of program is required for Tom that helps him in proper and clear
understanding of behaviour in order to perform well in society (Glasby, 2017). Through
counselling, Tom can known about effect of alcohol and ill to body that provide positive result to
problems and help in thinking about career goals for performing task and earning of money.
Supporting Groups- It is the system through which group can support and help specific
needs people. This can help them to feel positive about themselves and behaviour can be changes
effectively with support of groups. Special people need special care and support for recovery of
their health in order to perform their daily activities.
Personal Development Program- There are numerous programs related with personal
development for developing knowledge, skills and behaviours of people. Here, special person
require equal freedom and rights rather than sympathy. Thus, it also assist in improving
communication skills for presenting themselves.
2.3 Services available in a chosen locality for individuals with specific needs
Different kind of health and social care are working for special individuals. As per case
study, NHS foundation is mainly focusing on providing health services for physical and mental
illness people (Golightley and Goemans, 2017). In order to reside in society, various services are
provided by firm for overcoming and reducing issues and problems. They provide services and
facilities at cheap rate. The numerous services given to special people are mentioned below:
Temporary Care Service- Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Care should
provide temporary care services in case of urgent and emergency to individuals suffering from
special diseases. For example, in case of urgent requirement of emergency services for mental or
special people then family member need to contact to health and social care. They can helps in
providing wheelchair facility to disable or mental person.
Mental Health Services- Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Care is working to
provide mental health services to special person in order to improve health and maintain safety
for them. For example, whenever Tom behave in aggressive and rude manner then there are
medical and mental practitioners for providing and assisting help to overcome from situations
(Green and Thorogood, 2018).
Services for all specific needs- As there are different types of special people residing in
society so they need to be provided with services accordingly. This provided services to all
special people for fast recovery of their health.

TASK 3
3.1 Approaches and interventions easy to support individuals with specific needs
Health and social care is referred as term which is connection among services that is
given by care provider and includes care and social worker. As per case study, Tom is facing
problem with mental health. Due to accident he suffered from brain injury which causes
headache and insomnia issue. There are various intervention and approaches which helps in
health and social care in order to provide better treatment to Tom to improve insomnia which are
given below:
Physical Intervention- This kind of strategy helps in developing with action of human
and theories in order to assist and support patient. Thus, this theory can aid individuals in order
to recollect lost mind or capabilities and returning them in previous lifestyle which is lived by
them.
Professional Intervention- This type of strategy focus on making efforts for all medical
practitioners in order to make various opinions to overcome issues and problems (Lewis, 2018).
Therefore, it is helping individuals in coming out from unbearable or unexpected issues or
situations.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy- This is type of therapy which is given to insomnia
patient when they loss their sleep because of own thoughts. Further, it prevent sleeping pills
which is impacting health of patient.
3.2 Effectiveness of intervention strategies for an individual with specific needs
The main aim of health care strategies is to improve quality life of patient and individual.
This is performed on basis of giving equivalent rights, participation in social events, citizenship
empowerment, opportunities. According to case study, practitioners can use different strategies
in order to assist and provide treatment to people who suffered from diseases such as insomnia
(Little and Mount, 2018). Such type of strategy can provide to unfit patient for availing treatment
on continuous basis through help of medical practitioners. This can help staff for providing
treatment and improve their lifestyle. According to case scenario, suitable strategy which can
adopted by Tom is psychological intervention for improving health. There are some advantages
which can be provided to medical practitioners for health improvement are described below:

 Counselling aid in creating attraction for patients in order to improve their better health
and medical facility.
 Psychological intervention assist in creation of positive impact on patient and medical
practitioners in providing good treatment. This use counselling for people suffering from
diseases in order to make them comfort and influence them. It helps in creating
motivation and recovering mental state of patient.
 Positive environment is needed to be developed for patient so that problem can be shared
by them to counsellors. It assist them in discussing about personal and professional issue
which is affecting their mental condition and health and feel towards relaxing them for
improvement.
3.3 Potential impact of emerging developments on support for individuals with specific needs
The organisation need proper development according to change in situation, time and
growth of business. In health and social care, it can be said that innovation in technology provide
help to medical practitioners in order to provide treatment for improving health of patient. In
regard to unfit or disabled patient, practitioners is taking help of CCTV cameras for monitoring
various activities of patient which can be evaluated properly and known whether improvement
has done or not (Orthwein, 2017). This also helps in creation of awareness among staff regarding
wrong situations which can resulted in hazardous situation in future time period. The
development in technology avoid misshapenness which is caused because of patient's cell. All
the patient and individual should be given free environment and surrounding where there is no
availability of doctors so that they can feel and relax themselves. The another development is
related with safety of particular patient for avoiding harm or problem which is caused to them.
Therefore, emerging development provide help, support, care and improving condition of health
of patient.
TASK 4
4.1 Explain different concepts of challenging behaviour
After going through give case study, it has been summarised challenging behaviour of an
individual is the action which will not going to be acceptable by the society. Within given case
scenario of Tom who was with the diseases of insomnia and now it become paranoid because of
lack in sleep which give negative effect on health condition of Tom. Challenging behaviour

people may face several harm in term of physical also so it is necessary to have another person
with them for preventing them from any harm (Oliver, Sapey and Thomas, 2012). For offering
treatment to Tom who was physically challenged because of accident, several theories can be
utilise so that challenging behaviour can be identified. Primal is the theory which can be used in
pre-scientific as well as superstitious belief that was utilised by person long time ago. As per
respective theory, it has been said by some human being that people who are suffering through
challenging behaviour have several reasons behind it like unusual power, effect and
superstitious.
The next position, biological belief is regarded as theory that is related to the challenging
behaviour. Concept of such theories is totally based on logical as well as biological bases. Here,
within given case study, people with physical challenges are studied properly or effectually. This
concept is essential aspect which is providing medical support as well as care to people who are
going through challenging behaviour so that better services can be provided to overcome with
the diseases. Thus, it can be said that behaviour of particular person is related to the medical
model of disability.
In end, third theory for challenging behaviour is social construction which is same as
social model of disability. Thus, current scenario is based on biological belief in which Tom
meet with an accident and problem identified by practitioner is Insomnia. In respective disease
individual started feeling lack of sleep due to disturbance in their mind (Provan and Lemaire,
2012).
4.2 Potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care organisations
There are several patients in NHS who have challenging behaviour due to their physical
or mental illness. These situation result in various challenges for manager for identifying its
negative impact on NHS. Explanation of these are as follows:
Management of Risk- In health care institution there is high level of risk because of
people health or other issues they are going on. Thus, for manager of Somerset Partnership NHS
Foundation it is most challenging factor and they have to plan activities in proper manner
because it will assist in managing brand image. Although, in urgent situation manager of
respective company have power to take decisions (Voorberg, Bekkers and Tummers, 2015). The
risk should be minimized and should provide them with measure to reduce it.

Convulsive Action- There are several patients in NHS who behave aggressively which
result in creating issues or have negative impact. Although, people are suffering from mentally
issues have no idea of what is wrong or right. All this result in negative impact on environment
of association as well as create physical violence within employees (Rathert, Wyrwich and
Boren, 2013). This convulsive action is challenging issues on health and care organisation.
Security and Health Protection Issues- Patient who are going through mental illness or
handicapped situation need proper protection because they can harm themselves. This is major
challenge for manager of NHS to provide them proper protection and safe environment. There
are many organisation who does not safety to specific needs and protection to them. This is
impacting their moral and physical health and mental condition.
4.3 Analyse strategies for working with challenging behaviors associated with specific needs
The requirement of specific needs is important for organisation in terms of health and
social care at UK. Different strategies and policies are needed for fulfilling necessities and
requirement of people with specific needs (Williams, Priest and Anderson, 2016). There are
many challenging behaviours which arise in front of medical practitioners which can lead against
health and social care workers. All the above mentioned strategies and approaches are used for
challenging behaviour of patient, users and individuals of health and social care which are as
given below:
 It is significant for patient and health worker to be familiar with strategies.
 According to changing need of people and society changes should be made.
 The strategies helps in success of organisation and provide better outcome.
CONCLUSION
From above presented report, it can be summarised that health and social care is very
important in providing services to people or individual. It mainly emphasis on giving services to
patient and understanding their needs and complying according to changes which are required
for development and enhancement. The challenging behaviour is important for helping and
dealing in worst situation that can be arise in environment of business. Therefore, there are
various approaches and strategies which are used in dealing with situations and understanding
patient behaviour in effective and efficient manner.

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