Understanding Why People Work: Factors, Motivation Theories, and Coping Strategies

This report explores the various factors that motivate employees to work, including salary, promotion, and work environment. It also discusses motivation theories such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs and coping strategies for negative job experiences.

BSc (Hons) Business Management with
Foundation
BMP3004
World of Work
Understanding why people work
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Contents

Introduction 1
What does Motivation Mean? 1
The various factors which motivate employees to work
p
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their
job roles p
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their
job roles p
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees
experience as a result of their job roles p
Conclusion p
References p

Introduction
Motivation is basically a influencing process which guide and develop a goal oriented
behavior with in an individual. With the help of this the overall productivity of the employees
has been enhanced which help the company in achieving their pre- set goals in a very
effective manner. When an individual carry out the task within the workplace different types
of new skills and existing skill has been evolved(Mohebi and et. al., 2019). There are various
approaches which is relates to motivation and this is the reason behind that the people work.
Motivation is being considered as one of the most important aspects which is directly related
to the influences of worker for carrying out the task. The following report is going to
discussed on the theories of motivation and the different factors which improves the
productivity of the employees. This report also covers the positive and negative factor in
relation to the job role of the employee's. Afterwords this report analyses the strategies to
cope up with the negative factor.
What does Motivation Mean?
Motivation may be defined as the process in which the leader or the manager of the
company take the necessary steps to influences the employees towards achieving the goals
and objective of the company. In influencing the overall behavior of an individual within the
workplace biological, emotional and social aspects has been involved. Theory of motivation
has been discussed below :-
Maslow hierarchical of need theory is based on the five different categories which
dictate the behavior of an individual. In this model the needs of the individual has been
shown in the shape of pyramid in which the lowest need must be satisfied first and then
attend the higher needs. This theory help the employer in motivating their employees for
better working and also help them in decision making.
 Physiological needs :- in this element the basic need of the individual has been
involved which comprises the food, air , water, shelter, clothing and many more. If
these needs are not satisfied then an individual cannot live a better life(Fallatah and
Syed, 2018). These needs of human must be satisfies to move on to the next level.
 Safety needs :- after the satisfaction of the physiological needs a person wants to
control in the human life that can be meet by family and society members. In this
element protection from violence, safety, security, well being, health, emotional
stability, financial security and many more has to be satisfied.
 Love and belonging needs :-the social needs of the individual is being considered as
the third level need of the individual. In this element the human interaction has been
involved. The certain aspect which is being comprises in this are the trust, friendship,
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love from the family member and friends, bonds with biological family and chosen
family. These needs must be satisfied which motivate an individual to move forward
to next level need.
 Self-esteem need :- this element has been divided into two category. The first one is
self esteem and the second one is dignity(Cui and et. al 2021). Self respect is related
to the values of the person and self esteem is related to the potential of an individual
for personal development and growth. Prestige, respect, status, confidence and many
more comprises in this element.
 Self-actualization needs :- the fulfillment of all the potential of an individual has
been effectively described in this element. On the Maslow pyramid, this need occupy
the highest post. In this element capabilities, potential, skill development, education
and many more has been realized which help the person to grow and the experience
which have been developed help them in analyzing the better accomplishment so that
an individual can become a better person.
Two type of motivation which are given below :-
 Intrinsic :- this is related to the capabilities of an individual as they are being
rewarded. An individual can be motivated by using appropriate method which help in
achieving the objectives of the company. The receiving of appropriate feed-backs has
been comprises in this.
 Extrinsic :- this aspects is totally related to the exhibition of the task by which an
individual can be affected. In this the receiving of reward, avoiding punishment,
money, fame and many has been comprises.
The various factors which motivate employees to work
Salary: salary is being considered as an certain amount of money which is being earned by
an individual by performing some sot of job. With the help of this needs can be meet by
them in a very effective manner(Diamantidis and Chatzoglou, 2019). An individual can do
whatever they want to do but in the right direction so that they can get the good pay and more
and more incentives. The individual work with more efforts if they received the extra
benefits. Fair compensations and benefits not only help in job satisfaction but also help in
improving the overall productivity of the individual and the company.
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Promotion: this element is related to the performance of the individual within the
company. If the performance of an individual is good then they are promoted to the higher
level to carry the more result for the company. Promotion plays a very important role in the
life of an employee. This improves the ambition and passion of the employee for attaining
the objectives of the company. Along with this the productivity and performance of the
employee has also been improved.
Work Environment: this element is related to those factor in which the employees of
the company carry out the different activities of the company. Effective working environment
plays a very important role in influencing and motivating the employees of the company.
The healthy and happy working environment help the employee's to work with utmost
productivity by using their skill, knowledge and abilities in a very well effective manner.
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their
job roles
If the employees of the company having a good experience with in the working
environment then this result in gaining job satisfaction by them. Following are the aspects
which impact on the experience of the employee has been discussed below :-
 Skill development & growth opportunities :-every individual carry out the given
task in their own way and with the help of integrated set of skill(Al-dalahmeh, Khalaf
and Obeidat, 2018). This help them in performing in the right area. When any job
provide various opportunities to an individual then this implied positive experience of
employee.
 Modern performance management :- an individual is able to maintain a good
position within the workplace if the positive working environment has been provided
by the management. This not only result in better working but also the performance
has been enhanced. This can be effectively analyses by continues evaluation of
working of a person and overall consideration of the employees.
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their
job roles
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A impact has been made on the profitability or on the experience of the employee by
the different factors due to which they cannot effectively work within the company. Factors
has been discussed below :-
 Toxic work environment :- toxic working environment has a negative impact on the
working and the experience of the employee. The overall working of the employees as
well as the organization has been affected(De Simone, Planta and Cicotto, 2018).
When there is no happy and healthy working environment then employee feel
dissatisfied from the job role.
 Workplace conflicts :- this aspects is related to the unnecessary conflicts and bad
behavior within the workplace. Conflicts within the work place not only raise to the
misunderstanding but also reduces the productivity of the employes.
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees
experience as a result of their job roles
Following are the different strategies which help the employee to cope up with the
negative experience in relation to job has been discussed below : -
 Opportunity to give opinions and views :- this aspect is being considered as a better
approach which leads in effective result in a particular job role. With the help of this
strategy the worker can be influenced in relation to the job satisfaction and efficiency.
 Employee engagement :-the engagement of the employee within the different
activities of business allow them to formal conversations(Szczygiel and Mikolajczak,
2018). With the help of this authentic approach the conflicts which have been arises
between the employee can bee eliminated and along with this under performing
employee's has also being motivated in performing their job role.
Conclusion
From the above report it has been concluded that motivation plays a very important
role in influencing and improving the performance of the employees within the working
environment of the company. By doing this all the set goals can be achieved in a very
effective manner. Salary, promotion, working environment and many more is being
considered as the most important aspects which motivates the working of the employees. This
report concluded that growth opportunities and management method leads to create positive
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experience and toxic environment and conflicts leads to negative experience. This report also
concluded the strategies like Opportunity to give opinions and views Employee engagement
help the worker to cope up with the negative experience.
References
Mohebi, A and et. al., 2019. Dissociable dopamine dynamics for learning and
motivation. Nature, 570(7759), pp.65-70.
Fallatah, R.H.M. and Syed, J., 2018. A critical review of Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs. employee motivation in Saudi Arabia, pp.19-59.
Cui, L and et. al 2021. Predicting determinants of consumers' purchase motivation for electric
vehicles: An application of Maslow's hierarchy of needs model. Energy Policy, 151,
p.112167.
Diamantidis, A.D. and Chatzoglou, P., 2019. Factors affecting employee performance: an
empirical approach. International Journal of Productivity and Performance
Management.
Al-dalahmeh, M., Khalaf, R. and Obeidat, B., 2018. The effect of employee engagement on
organizational performance via the mediating role of job satisfaction: The case of IT
employees in Jordanian banking sector. Modern Applied Science, 12(6), pp.17-43.
De Simone, S., Planta, A. and Cicotto, G., 2018. The role of job satisfaction, work
engagement, self-efficacy and agentic capacities on nurses' turnover intention and
patient satisfaction. Applied Nursing Research, 39, pp.130-140.
Szczygiel, D.D. and Mikolajczak, M., 2018. Emotional intelligence buffers the effects of
negative emotions on job burnout in nursing. Frontiers in psychology, 9, p.2649.
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