Business Administration Report: Analyzing Business Units 11, 19, etc.

This report focuses on business administration, emphasizing the importance of communication and time management for successful internal operations and market growth. It analyzes various business units (11, 19, 15, 55, 65, and 73), covering topics such as identifying and improving office procedures, managing performance, budgeting, handling mail, data collection methods (primary and secondary), data analysis, and stakeholder analysis. The report explores the strengths and limitations of different data types, research tools, and statistical parameters. It also discusses the importance of data collection, reporting, and addressing limitations. The report offers insights into effective management strategies, including planning, monitoring, and developing employees. This report is designed to help business professionals and students understand key aspects of business administration and improve their management practices.

UNIT :- 11, 19,15,55,65,73

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
UNIT 11...........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 ..........................................................................................................................................1
1.2...........................................................................................................................................1
1.3...........................................................................................................................................2
1.4 ..........................................................................................................................................2
1.5 ..........................................................................................................................................2
UNIT 19...........................................................................................................................................2
1.1 ..........................................................................................................................................2
1.2 ..........................................................................................................................................3
1.3 ..........................................................................................................................................3
1.4 ..........................................................................................................................................3
1.5 ..........................................................................................................................................3
1.6...........................................................................................................................................3
UNIT 15...........................................................................................................................................4
1.1...........................................................................................................................................4
1.2...........................................................................................................................................4
1.3...........................................................................................................................................4
1.4...........................................................................................................................................4
1.5...........................................................................................................................................4
1.6...........................................................................................................................................4
1.7...........................................................................................................................................5
2.1...........................................................................................................................................5
2.2...........................................................................................................................................5
2.3...........................................................................................................................................5
2.4...........................................................................................................................................5
2.5...........................................................................................................................................5
2.6...........................................................................................................................................6
2.7...........................................................................................................................................6
3.1...........................................................................................................................................6

3.2...........................................................................................................................................6
3.3...........................................................................................................................................6
UNIT 55...........................................................................................................................................6
1.1...........................................................................................................................................6
1.2...........................................................................................................................................6
1.3...........................................................................................................................................7
1.4...........................................................................................................................................7
2.1...........................................................................................................................................7
2.2...........................................................................................................................................7
2.3...........................................................................................................................................7
2.4...........................................................................................................................................8
3.1...........................................................................................................................................8
3.2...........................................................................................................................................8
3.3...........................................................................................................................................8
3.4...........................................................................................................................................8
3.5...........................................................................................................................................8
3.6...........................................................................................................................................8
4.1...........................................................................................................................................9
4.2...........................................................................................................................................9
UNIT 65...........................................................................................................................................9
3.1...........................................................................................................................................9
3.2...........................................................................................................................................9
3.3...........................................................................................................................................9
3.4...........................................................................................................................................9
3.5...........................................................................................................................................9
3.6.........................................................................................................................................10
4.1.........................................................................................................................................10
4.2.........................................................................................................................................10
4.3.........................................................................................................................................10
4.4.........................................................................................................................................10
4.5.........................................................................................................................................10

4.6.........................................................................................................................................11
4.7.........................................................................................................................................11
UNIT 73.........................................................................................................................................11
1.1.........................................................................................................................................11
1.2.........................................................................................................................................11
1.3.........................................................................................................................................11
1.4.........................................................................................................................................11
1.5.........................................................................................................................................11
2.1.........................................................................................................................................12
2.2.........................................................................................................................................12
2.3.........................................................................................................................................12
3.1.........................................................................................................................................12
3.2.........................................................................................................................................12
3.3.........................................................................................................................................12
3.4.........................................................................................................................................13
3.5.........................................................................................................................................13
3.6.........................................................................................................................................13
4.1.........................................................................................................................................13
4.2.........................................................................................................................................13
4.3.........................................................................................................................................13
4.4.........................................................................................................................................13
4.5.........................................................................................................................................14
4.6.........................................................................................................................................14
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCE...................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Business administration is focus on mange the growth rate in internal working
environment. In this context communication and time management is most important part in
business management. To manage the business successful take time to each and every activity
and manage it as per the need of the internal working environment. On the other hand, account in
the design of office systems, procedures and guidance documents (Hesselbarth and Schaltegger,
2014). This report is based on the business administration is to be manage the growth rate in
market and make some improvement in internal and external factor.
UNIT 11
1.1
Identify Problems:-
Making lasting improvements to office procedures is a process that begins by examining
the present procedures. First, identify what office procedures are not effective and why
(Hesselbarth. and Schaltegger 2014). You may be required to change your company’s procedures
because of external factors, such as a new, large customer contract, a substantial increase in
office personnel, or a change in regulations.
1.2
There is a famous story about a naive student in his first English literature course who
was worried because he didn't know what prose was. When he found out that prose was ordinary
speech, he exclaimed, " Wow! I've been speaking prose all my life!" Managing performance well
is like speaking prose.
 Planning :- Effective managers plan their work. Planning means setting performance
expectations and goals for groups and individuals to channel their efforts toward
achieving organizational objectives.
 Monitoring :- Effective managers see to it that assignments and projects are monitored
continually. Monitoring well means consistently measuring performance and providing
ongoing feedback to employees and work groups on their progress toward reaching their
goals (Cooke and Alcadipani 2015). Regulatory requirements for monitoring
performance include conducting progress reviews with employees where their
performance is compared against their elements and standards.
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 Developing :- Effective managers evaluate and address the developmental needs of their
employees.
1.3
Budgeting is a critical part of the job, and it can be the deciding factor in just how smooth
or stressful their days are.
 Research :- For example, if you decide to treat facilities as a business, figuring out how to
price your services involves a good amount of information-gathering, from thinking
about what services you’ll offer to predicting how often they’ll be needed by individual
departments.
1.4
In case there is a mistake committed while performing a task is because of a lack of a
system then it becomes a costly affair to rectify the task, put it into order and again to proceed
ahead with it (Cooke and Alcadipani 2015). In simple words, when there is a system established
and over the period if everybody in the office follows the system, it becomes a procedure of the
office.
1.5
As a business owner, you have a lot of concerns to occupy your time. The last thing you
need to worry about is whether your employees are doing their jobs (Brockhoff and et.al 2014).
That said, it’s up to you to foster a work environment that is positive and conducive to
productivity if you want to realize success.
 Hire the Right Employees for the Job :- You might want to hire someone with less
education or experience to save money on your payroll, or you may be doing your
nephew a favour.
UNIT 19
1.1
Junk mail, otherwise known as unsolicited mail, is received by all workplaces. There are
various different ways to deal with junk mail and prevent it from being sent again (Brockhoff
and et.al 2014). One of the simplest options would be to contact the sender directly asking them
to stop processing your personal data for marketing purposes.
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1.2
In a typical mail centre today, 60% to 70% of the labour is spent sorting incoming and
interoffice mail. Incoming mail is defined as those mail pieces that are received by any company,
and in addition to the postal address, contain company-specific addressee information, such as
name, title, department, subdivision and other specific details. Unlike the postal address, this
information is not regulated by strict rules, and it may appear in a great variety of formats on the
mail piece.
1.3
Using a franking machine, you can print the exact postage of most classes of mail on
your letters and parcel every time. Enjoy access to Royal Mail discounts including Mail mark,
and promote your business by printing your logo or an advertising message on your mail.
1.4
An every office, a large volume of communication like letters, circulars, telegrams are
sent to outsiders or received from them. Inside the organisation also written materials are
exchanged between different departments (Michelle and Mercado 2016). A planned and efficient
handling of the mail is essential for the success of any business organisation. It is described as
the backbone and an integral part of an office.
1.5
Various office locations around the country have, and continue to receive letters through
the mail. These letters may state that you have been exposed to anthrax or other biological
materials. Additionally, these envelopes or packages may contain some type of powder or
granules. The following information and recommendations (collected from various sources) are
being provided to help you safely and effectively handle these types of incidents.
1.6
Do not open any mail item that appears suspicious.
 Isolate the suspicious mail item and place it in a plastic bag or container and seal it.
 If you do not have a bag or container, then cover the mail item with anything (e.g.
clothing, paper, trash can, etc.) and do not remove this cover.
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UNIT 15
1.1
The researcher has full control of the data collected and does not need to request to use
any proprietary information. Disadvantages of primary research data collection: Primary research
data collection attracts high costs (Michelle and Mercado 2016). It may require outsourcing or
short-term employment of people to help in the collection process.
1.2
The analysis of qualitative data can come in many forms including highlighting
keywords, extracting themes, and elaborating on concepts. Quantitative data are numerical
information, the analysis of which involves statistical techniques. The two tables below detail the
strengths and limitations of both types of data.
1.3
Reliability refers to the repeat ability of findings. If the study were to be done a second
time, would it yield the same results? If so, the data are reliable. If more than one person is
observing behavior or some event, all observers should agree on what is being recorded in order
to claim that the data are reliable.
1.4
Research Tools in Qualitative Research. Research software and research tools enable
researchers and modelers to construct theories and system models. They typically support
capturing hypotheses, inferring mechanisms, and formulating experimental results within the
same framework.
1.5
Biased Sample, also known as the Unrepresentative Sample is considered a weak
analogy. This fallacy is formed when a person draws a conclusion of a population based on a
measure that is biased or prejudiced. Examples of Biased Sample Form.
1.6
Generalize Findings. An evaluation usually involves some level of generalizing of the
findings to other times, places or groups of people. For many evaluations, this simply involves
generalizing from data about the current situation or the recent past to the future. For example, an
evaluation might report that a practice.
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1.7
If the data from more than one survey are included in the same analysis, determine
whether the different samples were independently selected and how this would impact the When
tables are used, take care that the overall format contributes to the clarity of the data in the tables
and prevents misinterpretation.
2.1
Parameters in statistics is an important component of any statistical analysis. In simple
words, a parameter is any numerical quantity that characterizes a given population or some
aspect of it. This means the parameter tells us something about the whole population.
2.2
If the data has no identifying information or is completely devoid of such information or
is appropriately coded so that the researcher does not have access to the codes, then it does not
require a full review by the ethical board. The board just needs to confirm that the data is
actually anonymous. However, if the data contains.
2.3
Step 1: Identify issues and/or opportunities for collecting data. ...
 Step 2: Select issue(s) and/or opportunity(ies) and set goals. ...
 Step 3: Plan an approach and methods. ...
 Step 4: Collect data.
2.4
Having the necessary skills to analyze; Concurrently selecting data collection methods
and appropriate analysis; Drawing unbiased inference; Inappropriate subgroup analysis;
Following acceptable norms for disciplines; Determining statistical significance; Lack of clearly
defined and objective outcome measurements.
2.5
Data analysts translate numbers into plain English Every business collects' data, whether
its sales figures, market research, logistics, or transportation costs. A data analyst's job is to take
that data and use it to help companies make better business decisions.
2.6
5

Big Data and analytic has been called the "next big thing," and it can certainly make a
strong case with the explosion of easily accessible, high-quality data available today. In the
inbound marketing world, we have access to back-links and anchor text, traffic and click stream
data, search volume.
2.7
Analyse the shape of a graph to describe the distribution of data. ...
 Describe the shape of a dot plot. ...
 Describe the distribution of data using the mean absolute deviation. ...
 Express mean, median, and mod
3.1
The aim of this unit is to develop the knowledge and understanding of how to collect and
report data. You will learn different ways in which to collate and present the data you have
gathered. You will also learn how to report and distribute the data within agreed timescales.
3.2
Limitations are influences that the researcher cannot control. They are the shortcomings,
conditions or influences that cannot be controlled by the researcher that place restrictions on your
methodology and conclusions. Any limitations that might influence the results should be
mentioned.
3.3
Reference Data Sources for Forms [AX 2012] A reference data source supplies data
values that replace the foreign key value when that key refers to a surrogate primary key.
UNIT 55
1.1
To use parametric estimating, first divide a project into units of work. Then, you must
determine the cost per unit, and then multiply the number of units by the cost per unit to estimate
the total cost.
1.2
The documents should be brief and convey only the bare essentials,
 make it interesting, clear and concise,
 eliminate conjecture and minimise jargon,
 describe your vision of the future,
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 demonstrate the value and benefits the project brings to the business
1.3
Use Stakeholder Analysis to identify and understand stakeholders in your project. ... As
your career develops, and you become more successful, the actions that you take start to effect
and more people.
1.4
Business planning is generally conducted annually, and, although arrangements and
practices will differ from organization to organization, the annual business planning cycle is
likely to cover a review and prioritization of strategic priorities, the development of a strategic
business plan and separate business plans.
2.1
In the context of business management, the purpose of budgeting includes the following
three aspects: A forecast of income and expenditure (and thereby profitability) A tool for
decision making. A means to monitor business performance.
2.2
Step 1: Tally Your Income Sources. ...
1. Step 2: Determine Fixed Costs. ...
2. Step 3: Include Variable Expenses. ...
3. Step 4: Predict One-Time Spends. ...
4. Step 5: Pull It All Together.
2.3
Step 1: Analyse Risks. To begin, we need to list out all the possible events that could disrupt
operations. ...
1. Step 2: Determine the Likelihood and Impact of Risks. ...
2. Step 3: Develop a Process for Each Item.
2.4
Budget-setting is critical for effective and efficient organizational planning and control,
and will be subject to rigorous organizational policies and procedures. In this criterion the learner
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is required to provide evidence that he or she has used a budget to control performance and
expenditure.
3.1
To monitor expenditure, the types of information you need include: budget for the area of
activity for the full year and profiled for the year to date. Actual expenditure to date. Future
expenditure commitments. Balance of annual budget remaining.
3.2
Variance analysis, first used in ancient Egypt, in budgeting or [management accounting]
in general, is a tool of budgetary control by evaluation of performance by means of variances
between budgeted amount, planned amount or standard amount and the actual amount
incurred/sold.
3.3
Reliability and accuracy of the figures. ...
 Materiality. ...
 Possible interdependencies of variances. ...
 The inherent variability of the cost or revenue. ...
3.4
The recommended best practice when recording the unallocated or unreleased element of
reserves is to hold them in a single 'cost centre' and view the release of reserves as ... This is to
ensure consistency of approach and that the required documentary evidence to support the need
for the retirement can be maintained.
3.5
Keep in mind that your chances of success are increased by keeping focus on the project's
scope, timeline, budget and resources, as well as your ability to ... Do all involved
parties/stakeholders agree on the scope of the project? The information you gather can be very
helpful when you begin to plan your next project.
3.6
prevent further loss
 establish and secure evidence necessary for criminal and disciplinary action
 notify HEFCE if the circumstances are covered by the mandatory requirements of the
Memorandum of Assurance and Accountability
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