Organisational Behaviour: Impact of Culture, Power, and Politics on Individual and Team Behaviour

This document discusses the impact of culture, power, and politics on individual and team behaviour in an organization. It also explores the content and process theory of motivation and motivational technologies. The case study focuses on Rolls Royce Holding company.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Analyse about the organisation's get impacted through culture, power and politics to
individual and team behaviour....................................................................................................1
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................5
P2. Discuss the Content and Process theory of motivation along with motivational
technologies ................................................................................................................................5
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................8
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team............................8
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................10
P4. Demonstrate by applying the concept and philosophies of organisation behaviour. ........10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The Concept of Organisation behaviour is brief study related about the human behaviour
in the workplace. It concerned for job satisfaction, behaviour, performances, internal structure,
managerial activities and practises in terms of leadership, employee engagement activities,
Human resources policies, leadership, motivation and effective communication. All these factors
are highly determined by the manager or leader in the organisation (Aderibigbe, Nwokolo and
Oluwole,, 2019). The objective of organisation behaviour is to improve the Job performance,
increasing job satisfaction, promoting and innovation as well as encouraging leadership.
By considering the organisation is Rolls Royce company Holding, it is British
multinational engineering company incorporated in February 2011, it is business that established
in 1904 that design and manufactures the aviation based and other retailer business. They
operated through King place, London, United kingdom and 50,000 employees working. The
revenue is generates 16,587 millions. In this report the topic are discussed about the relationship
of organisation culture, power and politics in terms of individual and team performances (Ahmad
and et. al., 2018). The content and process theory of motivation as well as differences between
effective and ineffective team along with their influence in individual and team performances.
And the discuss on concept related to organisation behaviour philosophies as per company based
situation.
MAIN BODY.
Task 1.
P1. Analyse about the organisation's get impacted through culture, power and politics to
individual and team behaviour.
The organisation are mainly focuses with their growth and better performances from the
competitor, where three pilers of organisation behaviour culture, politics and power are highly
considerable to influence individual and team effectiveness. Through organisation culture they
set the system of shared values and attitudes on the basis of that individual perform in the
business where they get impact to their action and get decrease in the all company productivity.
The description of politics that describes about the interaction and interference of political
related parties in interest groups as well as government regulation etc. The motive of power is
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having ability to fluctuates the activities and influence to the individual prospective. As below
there is explanation of politics, power and culture impact in perspective of Rolls Royce Holding
company individual and team performance.
Organisation Culture: The term culture determine the direction of the certain beliefs
and values of people. Organisation culture defines about the consideration of organisation rituals,
norms and language that creates the company working process in systematic in terms of policies,
behaviour of employees. There is effective source of culture in Rolls Royce Holding where they
abide the concept of TRUST which comprise Think, Read, Understand, Speak and Take Action
through this they control and manages the workforce performance and behaviour with different
purposes (Ahmad and et. al., 2020.). Furthermore, organisation culture is also help to assists the
organisation for developing the interest of employees along with healthy relationship with each
other. To elaborates the culture in more generic term through Handy's Typology theory which
highly considered as below:
According to the Charles Handy typology theory, there is four different kind of culture
that helps to commence the work regulation in compliance oriented way: Power Culture: In this culture is depicts about the individual or small group of people
who having authority or high dominance form in organisation. To make and create the
decisions with the favour of organisation. Role Culture: According to this typology of culture is based on better performance as per
the task assigned on the basis of their skills and experiences (Alasad., 2020). In Rolls
Royce Holding company, manager assigned the job roles and responsibilities on the basis
of their capabilities and job based credentials. Task Culture: On this culture it depicts about when team is having formed to compete
and commence a specific task where different team is having different culture and team
that comprise more creative. Similarly, Rolls Royce superior delegate the task to the team
member in equality pattern where they carried out the better performance to deliver the
outcomes in unique manner.
 Person Culture: Through this term of culture is the most individualistic form and exists
at the time of person are allows to express themselves and form decision making as in
form of individually. As in the perspective of Rolls Royce Holding company, the
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employees are generates the better outcomes where they get effective trained as well as
self directed by assorting skills and knowledges.
As Rolls Royce Holding company follows the Role culture in the organisation where it
creates the impact on individual by developing confidence and self belief as well as the learning
and working attributes skills which helps to accomplish the work in systematic way. Team
would get influence from Role culture, as there would improvisation of communication skills
and getting appropriate solution of organisation issues through effective decision making.
According to having proper practises of culture in Rolls Royce company it would increase the
work productivity and imposed negative impact on workers.
Organisational Politics: It generally focuses on the use of power which arises the affect
in the organisation performances or the employees performances (Balwant, 2018). The politics of
Rolls Royce Holding company refers to the putting interest in political affairs and in some states
it derives to accomplish the goals which are beneficial for the member. There is essential of
having control of someone who has effective skills to control the effective judgement to form
positive workplace in Rolls Royce. There are some points which implies the political influence
in the behaviour of employee performances that described below: Decreases in productivity: For organisation growth is depended on the employee
performance contributes in such a manner increase the productivity and it directly impact
on the company performance. But in Rolls Royce Holding company, there is a high
influence of politics which minimise the workforce productivity through interference of
others can distract the individual. Employee Dissatisfaction: Due to having high political influence at the time of
performance due to the politics in Rolls Royce Holding company working culture that
creates dissatisfaction and not getting the vibe to contributing work inputs (Barbaranelli
and et. al., 2019). By having internal politics generates the demotivate factor when the
work credit delegate to the other person through which people may loose their interest of
performances.
 Negative Environment: From the existence of politics in Rolls Royce Holding company
creates the unsatisfactory working environment in terms of grievances, not assigned
proper, discrimination faces from manger and peers members.
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The impact of Organisational culture as in positive factor for individual where it helps to
form a personality as well as enhance the direct impact to the Rolls Royce company performance
as well as it increase the employee productivity and negative impact on individual can raises the
conflicts between other peers members or grievances can disturb the connectivity and work
engagement. But there is negative and positive phase of impact in team of politics that it could
arises unfair decisions which create disengaged among with the co-workers and the positive
impact on team would better leadership skills in team leader can make the task accomplish in
systematic and strategic manner.
Organisational Power: The term power is refer the capability to influence the managing
people in systematic way to not tend to be change (Chou, and et. al., 2019). The organisation
power is depicts different means to influence other for optimising the result in favour. The
process of influencing occurs in a particular way where they attempted with the assorting of
power. Similarly, In Rolls Royce company is having their authority team who claims power that
uses to influence or bring the change to betterment for the organisation.
There is model of French and Raven in power which comprises in the perspective of Rolls Royce
company is explained below: Reward Power: In this factor of power produce the positive benefits or in organisation
the individual whose having the ability that distribute reward or controlling such as in
controlling for high pay rates and incentives. In the perspective of Rolls Royce
company, manager who have ability to provide opportunity or reward in terms of
remuneration from reward power system. Coercive Power: In this power it depicts about the base on the depend on the basis of
fear which evaluates the negative results (Griffin, and et. al., 2020). In Rolls Royce
company, manager uses this power to taking action on unethical or wrongly work
assessment. Legitimate Power: This comprise the power of having in formal authority whose able to
control the expenses and resources related with organisation. In the perspective of Rolls
Royce, their manager are having power to hire manpower and placed them in right
position as well as provide the resources.
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 Referent Power: According to this power it is based on individual personality who is
having desirable resources or personal traits. Within the perspective of Rolls Royce
company, they uses this power to hire the most effective and potential employees who
having strong knowledge and skills base.
From above Organisation Power the suitable power which follows in Rolls Royce company
would be Legitimate power where organisation manager plays different role for seeking the
positive outcomes. The impact on the individual feels that motivates along with high satisfaction
level increased which directly impact on performance. It critically evaluate that influence of
power in individual and team is to perform task and accomplish the target as per the given time.
Task 2.
P2. Discuss the Content and Process theory of motivation along with motivational technologies
Motivation: It is the process which implies on the forces that helps to maintain and
provide the optimum direction that leads to the goal. In another words motivation is source
which increase the ability to achieve the desirable outcomes that attain the organisational goals.
In motivation there is two types of theories name as Content and Process theories:
Content Theory: This theory is combination of motivational theories which reflects the factor
that helps to motivate the people. In this theory one of most important model is involve Maslow
Hierarchy in perspective of Rolls Royce company.
Maslow Hierarchy need theory: According to this theory it helps to maintain of human
needs which is not fulfilled until that particular need gets satisfied (Hackett and et. al., 2018). As
in perspective of Rolls Royce company, the needs of employees who are working there is highly
important for manager of Rolls Royce. This model is formed by the five stages which defines the
basic needs that leads to satisfaction of human.
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Illustration 1: Maslow Hierachy Needs, 2018

 Physiology Need: In this need it defines about the basic biological need of an individual
such as food, shelter, water and clothes etc. In organisation like Rolls Royce, employees
get fulfil their need through physiological need where they optimise the function
effectively to fulfil their needs. Safety needs: According to this need it involves the protection from the organisation, as
Rolls Royce, manager ensures the safety to the employees in their working environment
which is safe, relative to the job security, insurance and allowances. Social needs: Through this need it comprises about the feeling of love and belongingness
which is also comes in human needs in terms of friendship, better relationship, giving
affection and love (Isaacs, G.G., 2018). The organisation like Rolls Royce get fulfilled by
social need to employees through generating trust, provide healthy relationship with
employees which motivates to the employees for enhance the positive environment. Self Esteem: By attaining above three needs after that self esteem contains most
important factor in terms of self respect that indicates confidence, achievement along
with high competence which increase the respect. To successfully fulfilment this need
Rolls Royce requires to provide the high status, respect and reputation to their employees.
This kind of positivity enhance the high job satisfaction level. Self Actualisation: In this need it offers to provide the challenging and worth oriented job
or assignment that involves the creativity, innovation and having better career
progression on the basis of long term goals. To making this need fulfilment in Rolls
Royce by enhancing the motivation of employees which makes them potential. The Rolls
Royce provides the opportunity for personal growth and development which implies
better motivation to its employees.
Process Theory: According to this theory, it design the structure of system ideas that describes
how the entity changes and develops. In process theory it allows the Vroom Expectancy Theory
on the basis of Rolls Royce business perspective:
Vroom Expectancy Theory: It is the type of motivation theory which assumes that
behaviour which generates the various alternative by having the objective to increase reward and
minimise the conflicts. According to this model, it provides the better understanding that
employees performances which is based on individual factor in terms of personality, skills,
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knowledge and abilities. In Rolls Royce, the employees performance could be measure through
Vroom expectancy theory's three approaches which are elaborates in below:
 Expectancy: In this source of element, it defines that the increase of efforts can bring to
leads the high performance. As in Rolls Royce, managers tries to push and motivate the
employees for contributing efforts as it would generate the positive outcomes.
1. Instrumentally: Through this level, it comprise about the individual point of view as
their performance well at workplace to measure to achieve (Jacobs and Manzi, 2020).
The manager of Rolls Royce company makes to clear understanding of the relationship
between performance and outcomes.
 Valence: In this factor it reflects the individual who respect the reward or deserved to
be placed in better platform. In the perspective of Rolls Royce, the superiors would
measure the performance to evaluate the reward to provide in effective way.
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Illustration 2: Vroom Expectancy Theory, 2018
Source: Vroom Expectancy Theory, 2018

Task 3.
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
A team is a group of two or more people who work together to achieve common set of
goals and are accountable mutually with their influence on each other. A team work often
benefits an organisation because there are collective efforts for reaching a set target and helps in
working with proper utilization of resources.
An effective team is a one who fulfils the objectives of the team and provides satisfaction
to the team members by working and co-operating with each other (Jena and Pradhan, 2018).
The managers of Rolls Royce must ensure that there is development of team work in the
organisation so that there is collective achievement of goals and growth of the company.
Skills of effective team- Communication- The biggest essence of a teamwork is two way communication between
all team members. The team leaders of Rolls Royce must ensure that there is continuous
flow of communication between team members and team leads so that there is no
confusion in working for the objectives. Time management- To achieve common set of objectives, the team must mutually divide
the time for each task and manage the time for fulfilling the objectives (Maio and et. al.,
2020). Managers at Rolls Royce must ensure that there is time management for achieving
the target so that objectives are achieved on time.
 Problem solving- The team leaders as well as team members in Rolls Royce must always
be ready to help each other in solving the problem so that there is no problem of co-
ordination between them and work is done smoothly and targets are achieved timely.
Tuckman Team Development Theory:
In this team theory focuses in such a way to provide the process of particular team
handles the task approach from the starting to the completion of the task objectives effectively. It
is very important for the Rolls Royce managers to encourage, motivate and instruct to the team at
workplace through which company can perform well and enhance the better satisfaction the
needs of target customer (Mansouri., Singh and Khan., 2018). There are five steps which
involved in this tuckman team development theory which explains in the perspective through
Rolls Royce:
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 Forming: It is the first stage where overall team member are come together and
interact with each other. As the members are fully dependant on the leader's direction
as well as guidance where leader having important role to gather people and
communicate by explaining them about the objective of task.
 Storming: By all team members effectively contribute to develop the relationship with
other team members. As overall member of team having the clarity about the project
objective and contribute their better efforts to accomplish it successfully.
 Norming: According to this stage, it describes that team member need to discuss for
the decision making (Satpathy and et. al., 2020). As the team discuss and implies their
strategy to making attain the objective.
 Performing: It is action stage where all team member starts to perform and having
aware along with clarity about what they pursuing. The main agenda of team is to
accomplish the target at any cost in every hard situation as they are having high self
belief which keep motivates them.
 Adjourning: In this stage of Tuckman model consists to segregate the group for
making the goal fulfilment to procure where they can explore new aspect of activities.
Difference between Effective and ineffective teams
BASIS EFFECTIVE TEAM INEFFECTIVE TEAM
Atmosphere In effective team, the
atmosphere is open, non
competitive and participative.
The Team leaders in Rolls
Royce must ensure there is
positive environment for all
team members to work
effectively.
The atmosphere of ineffective
team is destructive and team
members involves themselves
for personal motives and not
for organisational objectives.
The managers of Rolls Royce
must ensure that there must not
be any ineffective team
otherwise there will be delay
in achieving goals which will
affect its productivity in the
market.
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Decision making In effective team, the decision
is made with full commitment
and consensus. The managers
of Rolls Royce must ensure
that decision is taken for
efficient utilisation of
resources with collective
opinion of team.
On the other hand in
ineffective team, the decision
is taken in confusion. They
emphasis more on power
rather than involving all team
members in decision-making
process.
How effective team is opposed to ineffective team?
The effective team gives equal opportunity to all team members who share collective
responsibility of achieving the set goals while an ineffective team works in an environment
where there are personal motives of the members and all work under coercion or pressure with
each other (Silberzahn and et. al., 2018.). An ineffective team cannot help in achieving the goals
because there is no coordination and understanding among the members. The managers in Rolls
Royce must focus on building effective teams to increase their productivity and profits. An
employee with equal and fair treatment can contribute more to organisation than the other one
and effective teams can help them to be valued in the organisation so that they feel motivated to
work for the organisational goals. So there must be development of effective teams in Rolls
Royce so that they can fight the competition in the market more effectively.
Task 4.
P4. Demonstrate by applying the concept and philosophies of organisation behaviour.
There is different concept and philosophies of organisation behaviour which can be assort
by the use of manger of Rolls Royce in terms of motivate and influence the employee for
perform in better way to create positive environment at workplace.
Path Goal Theory : By assorting of the theory through which made by Rolls Royce to improve
the motivation and communication level to generating the excellence form of leadership styles or
to create the more positive styles and satisfactory work environment. There are different
behavioural of leader in styles which emphasis of their theory such as:
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 Directive Leadership: According to this leadership behaviour, it depicts about the leader
who enhance to provide the instruction to their subordinate or employees. Under this
style, the team members follows the leader guidelines about how to approach the task
objective. Supportive Leadership: It defines the behaviour of leader as being friendly in nature.
Under this style, leader usually effectively coordinate to the team member in a cognitive
way of behaviour to making their task successful. Participative Leadership: In this leadership behaviour, leaders allows to their employees
or team member to taking part in decision making activities (Yuen and et. al., 2018).
Under this style, leader invites the team and other ones to give their suggestion for
making their task more effective oriented.
 Achievement Oriented Leadership: This leadership style defines about the leader
behaviour who basically instruct and order to their employees or team member for
performing work at their effective level of efficiencies.
Above Path goal theory, the Rolls Royce leaders follows and their behaviour is
Supportive leadership which emphasis as they provide guidance and helps to their team
members in clam behaviour way. This leadership style behaviour style impact to the individual
and team as they easily approach and discuss their work with leader.
CONCLUSION
From the above given information, it can be summarised that various elements are there
at workplace that affect the behaviour and performance of an employee. It is very important for
managers to maintain a positive culture at workplace, further, right use of power should be there
at workplace as this affect performance of individuals and teams in positive manner and help in
retain employees for long time period. Various motivations theories are there that could be use
by both leaders and managers to influence employees to work effectively in organisation. It is
responsibility of manager to ensure effective development of teams at workplace as this support
in proper completion of all business activities and at the same time improve performance of
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employees. It is essential for leader to first examine the situation exist at workplace and then
adopt right leadership style so that set objectives can be achieve by company.
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