Analyzing External and Internal Environment of Toyota Motors

This report analyzes the external and internal environment of Toyota Motors, including the impacts of macro environment, PESTLE analysis, and Porter's five forces model. It also discusses the appropriate frameworks for analyzing the internal environment and organizational capabilities.

Unit 32
Business Strategy

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. External environmental analysis. ..........................................................................................1
M1. Critical analyses of macro environment for determining as well as informing decisions
related to strategic management...................................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2. Appropriate frameworks for analysing internal environment as well as organisational
capabilities...................................................................................................................................4
M2. Critical analysis of internal environment fro assessing strengths and weaknesses of
business's internal capabilities.....................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3. Applying Porter's five forces model......................................................................................7
M3. Appropriate strategies to improve edge of competition together with market position.......8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4. Theories and concept for devising strategic planning...........................................................8
M4. Strategic management plan................................................................................................10
D1. Critiques and data interpretation with application of environment as well as competitive
analysis.......................................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Business strategy is working plan that organisational managers prepares to compete
successfully, optimise financial performance, prioritising objectives and accomplishing visions
with their business model (Alghazi, Shen and Fosso Wamba, 2017). It creates vision and
provides guidance to the entire organisation. Effective business strategy creates success
measures, drives decisions and gives direction to all the members of business. In addition, it also
helps an entity to decide where resources and efforts should be best spent. The present report is
prepared by considering Toyota Motors which is global automotive manufacturer having few
plants in United Kingdom. The report covers impacts that macro environment have on entity,
organisation's internal along with external capabilities. It also evaluates competitive forces along
with application of model of Porter's five forces. At last, various frameworks are applied together
with producing strategic management plan.
TASK 1
P1. External environmental analysis.
Organisational profile: Toyota Motor manufacturing (UK) is a manufacturing company
that operates business in United Kingdom. It was established in December 1989 for the purpose
of manufacturing auto mobile or cars. This is a large organisation that employs around 3000
employees. Its headquarter is situated in Burnaston, Derbyshire England. This manufactures
luxury cars with electric and hybrid features (Toyota Motors. 2019). The vision of Toyota
Motors is “To be the most successful and respected car company in United Kingdom”. The
mission statement is “To attract and attain customers with high valued products that can satisfy
the customers.” The objective of Toyota Motors is to attain the long term goals by harmonising
environment with global economy and the communities.
Macro Environment: This environment is related with economic condition of business
environment which states the some factors that cannot be control and influences decision
making. The strategic planning is uses by Toyota Motors to analysing the elements which can
impacts the businesses. It involves PESTLE analysis which helps to formulate strong strategies
to deal with negative impacts. PESTLE analysis of Toyota Motors are as defined:
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PESTLE Framework - This framework is used to analyse the environment which can
impact on large business. The political system of UK is fair and stable. PESTLE Analysis in
context to Toyota Motors are as defined:
Political - This refers as ways and political system which intervenes in a country consider
as political factor. It contains judiciary independence, taxation policy, political stability,
government regulation etc. which decided by government and impacting on business.
Positive impacts – Toyota Motors is operating business in Auto mobile sector in more
than dozen countries by following the foreign trade regulation and taxation. No changes in
foreign trade regulation and decrease in taxation rates due to change in political system impacts
positively Toyota Motors as it can increase the business activities as well as profitability.
Negative impacts- Toyota fears a no deal Brexit that affected negatively such as halt
production at Burnaston for an unforeseeable length of time. The reason behind this the plant is
heavily dependent on components which are imported from the European Union. It became very
difficult to deal with Brexit as it has to withdraw the its store who are situated in EU.
Economic - The economic environment of UK is market oriented and is automobile
industry is expected to attain $1.5 trillion dollars within coming years. This is comprises with
nation's economy like fiscal policies, interest rate, dynamic market, fluctuation in domestic and
local market, inflation rate etc (Alizadeh and Sipe, 2015). Its impacts on business organisation
are as defined:
Positive impacts -Toyota Motors are dealing in auto mobile by taking loans from banks
and institution. Decrease in interest rate impacting positively on business organisation as it can
take loan more by paying less interest amount which helps to increase the productivity of cars.
Negative impacts – As business are depend on finance which need to arrange from
various institution. Increase in interest rate decrease the production level of Toyota Motors as it
has to pay more interest amount on loan amount which limits the production of new cars models.
Social - This refers as those factors which are related with society that involves beliefs,
values, population attitude etc. Within UK, social conditions are favourable with the company
context. The key area of social factor mainly consider education level, social awareness,
demographic trend, income level of people, savings, demand and needs etc. that are impacting
businesses such as:
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Positive impacts - Toyota is addressing the population attitude and income level of
people which has certain impacts as increase in Volume of sale of such organisation. Moreover,
Aging population is also affecting the business which increase the productivity.
Negative impacts - Toyota is greatly impacted badly by changing needs and attitudes of
consumer which change the insights and interest of customers towards other organisation. As
resulted decrease in sale volume of Cars.
Technological – The environment of technology in UK is fast disrupting due to changes
within the technological aspects. This is disrupting factor in Auto Mobile sector in UK which is
pertaining new technology such as artificial intelligence, machines, Fin tech services and others
which are affecting the business such as:
Positive impacts – This factor is an opportunity for Toyota such as it mainly focus on
hybrid and electric cars by using technology. As management are having high skills which helps
to focus speed and safety features which interrupts customers towards organisation and create
demand of products.
Negative impacts – It impacts negatively on business organisation such as to research
and develop the new technology by management, huge investments are required to continue the
business activities resulting low productivity and profitability.
Legal - This factor governs range of legislation and laws are important to operations in
business market (Chang and Tsai 2016). In UK, legislations like securities law, transparency
within judicial practices and man y more that are mandatory to be followed by all entities.
Different types of laws are imposed by UK government such as Anti trust law, discrimination
law, employment, health and safety and consumer protection law which are affecting the
Toyota's business such as:
Positive impacts – Data protection, health and safety and employment laws are followed
by Toyota which gives an opportunity to enter in business market and retain the employees for
long period which strengthen the productivity of organisation and employees.
Negative impacts – In case of not providing safety and equal wages to employees creates
conflicts between employees which can affect the production level of organisation negatively.
Employees do not work properly and can leave the organisation which can be critical situation
for organisation.
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Environmental - This factor states different norms of environmental standards that can
impacts on profitability of Toyota Motors in UK market. It involves weather, laws relating to
environmental pollution, waste management and recycling which impacts as:
Positive impacts – Different environmental regulations are followed by Toyota's
management which are mandatory to run a business. It helps to deal with difficulties and run a
business effectively. Moreover, it recycling the wastage which processed to keep clean
environment.
Negative impacts – Not repairing machines, Carbon emission effect and increases in
pollution can impacts negatively as sale of organisation reduces due to not focusing on
environmental factor.
Porter's diamond model – This model is used by business organisation to analyse the
external competitive environment that helps to run a business successfully. This also states that
some business organisation are more beneficial than other in particular region. Toyota Motors is
using such model to get advantages by running its business that are as defined:
Factor condition – This factor states the condition of business industry. Such as Toyota
Motors is competitive industry which manufacture the sports cars in competitive business
environment that helps to take competitive advantages.
Demand condition – This factor states the demand of product which are expecting by
consumers. Such as the manager of Toyota Motors understand the the demand of people and
manufacture that kind of cars which fulfil their desire. This helps to get the advantages of
business in competitive environment.
Related and Supporting industries – It has been seen that there are many related
organisation and suppliers who provide raw material to producers. Toyota Motors are focusing
on such factor and buy raw material from suppliers which helps to get more advantages in
business environment.
M1. Critical analyses of macro environment for determining as well as informing decisions
related to strategic management.
Every business organisation are running their business by focusing on external factors
which can impacts positively and negatively on business organisation. It helps to defined the
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situation of business in competitive market. Toyota Motors is biggest firm in auto mobile sector
that manufacture different models of cars by analysing all factors (Cortimiglia, Ghezzi and
Frank, 2016). The management of Toyota Motors prepares strategies to deal with difficulties
which helps to maintain the profitability. Political regulation in UK are changed by government
that can impacts negatively as not easy to follow new regulation. Increase in population and
decrease in interest rate affected business positively. Similarly, by using new technology in
Toyota Motors management can capture high brand image and market share by increasing sale
volume. Business can impacted negatively in case of not following legal and environmental
factors which can reduce the productivity and profitability.
TASK 2
P2. Appropriate frameworks for analysing internal environment as well as organisational
capabilities.
Internal environment: It comprises of factors that exists within organisational
boundaries. Managers of Toyota Motors uses McKinsey's framework to analyse internal
environment.
McKinsey's 7S model: The another model that is used by Toyota Motors for analysing
its internal environment. The model includes:
Strategy: To execute activities in well organised or systematic ways, it is significant for
making suitable strategy. Authorities of Toyota motors focuses on product development strategy
to launch cars of distinct variations for achieving competitive edge.
Structure: The amalgamation of corporate hierarchy which describes that aspects in
which activities and interrelated with functions. Functional structure is adopted at Toyota Motors
in which groups executes tasks according to similar roles.
Systems: Decision making, workflow addition to procedures that makes the operations at
standard height. At Toyota Motors, more focus are made by managers on marketing systems
together with technological system.
Style: The styles to lead business addition to influencing corporate culture. At Toyota
Motors, Leaders uses democratic leadership style so that they can properly supervise employees
for their development aspects.
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Staff: The assets of company are staff members. Toyota Motors have competent along
with productive staff that contributes hugely for organisational development.
Shared values: Accepted standards with norms which influences attitude of people are
termed to shared values. At the premises of Toyota Motors, administrative posses various shared
values as they compensate and reward people which influences them, more to work with
effectiveness.
Skills: These are the capabilities that are within manpower of institution. The Toyota
motors have skill set such as critical thinking skills, technological skills, presentation skills
within their staff members which helps in achieving objectives as per the set strategies.
VRIO analysis: One of the business analysis framework that helps in evaluating business
resources along with finding competitive benefits. Strategic planner of Toyota Motors used the
model for uncovering and protecting its key capabilities with resources which provides them
advantages for long term sustainability. The capabilities of selected institution are as analysed:
Resources or
capabilities
Valuable Rare Imitable Organised
Model designs ✔ ✘ ✘ ✘
Networking ✔ ✔ ✘ ✘
Resources ✔ ✔ ✔ ✘
Manpower ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Valuable: It defines that whether capabilities adds values through enabling business to
exploit opportunities addition to defend against threats. When the answer is in yes, then
capability is considered as valuable (Kono, 2016). The valuable resources that Toyota Motors
have are model designs, networking, resources and manpower. These all plays essential role in
running activities with executing operations in set manner. The model designs of Toyota Motors
are very attractive as well as unique which influences customers to make purchase. The
networking with other companies is also strong that helps in buying vehicle components easily.
Similarly, company also has highly competent manpower that performs their tasks in such
manner that results in positive results.
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Rare: Capabilities that are only acquired by one entity are considered as rare. The rare
capabilities provides temporary competitive advantage. The elements that are rare for distinct
firms are networking, manpower as well as resources. The strategies that business uses to build
network are rare for others that helps Toyota Motors to effective networking system. Selected
entity uses various strategies to retain their manpower and initiate plans for managing key
resources in proper manner.
Imitable: The capabilities that other companies cannot copy or imitate falls under such
category. The resources that Toyota Motors have are unique or distinct in nature that rivals fails
to copy. For conducting activities of business, wide type of resources are required to get better
outcomes. At same time, the manpower of the company can perform activities in all dynamic
circumstances to achieve the targets.
Organised: the aspects wherein all organisational components are arranged in efficient
was to meet business objectives are part of such category (Kueng and Yang, 2017). The
resources of Toyota Motors are the one that are not properly organised as there is huge
competition level in UK market. The activities to manage manpower are properly organised as to
motivate employees fro working hard so that they can design and manufacture best cars with
adopting changes within technology together with operations.
M2. Critical analysis of internal environment fro assessing strengths and weaknesses of
business's internal capabilities.
The small forces which are controlled through managers and exists within institutional
boundaries are renowned as internal environment. The internal environment is composition of
certain of factors which have strong ability to influence business decisions. VRIO model depicts
capabilities which are earned by Toyota Motors. Few of them are manpower, networking, model
designs and resources. The innovative organisational culture and capability for growing
emphasis towards green vehicles are some of the strength of selected institution. In contrary, low
presence in emerging market, weak financial performance and existence of diverse rivals are its
weaknesses.
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TASK 3
P3. Applying Porter's five forces model.
Tool which is primarily designed for analysing competition within industry or market is
named to Porters-five-forces model. The developer of the model is Michael Eugene Porter who
determined various forces which are related with a firm and affects business potentiality to serve
the market and make profits (Lee and Lee, 2016). The strategic planner of Toyota Motors
applies the model to gain wide knowledge about rivalry extent within pertaining corporate sector.
The objective behind using the framework is to analysing together with determining competitive
position that selected firm has within automotive industry. The forces are as follows:
Suppliers bargaining power: Suppliers are the one who provides labours, raw materials,
services and components to the firm. Within automobile industry, the suppliers supply vehicle
components, equipments and information that is required to product final automobile component.
The force describes the powers that vendors posses while negotiating prices with the firms so to
deliver the required components or raw materials. It has been analysed that the level of such
force is low in automobile industry due to presence of huge suppliers. Toyota Motors is global
automobile manufacturer that illustrates that the company has made relationships with several
vendors top procure materials for manufacturing stylish cars as well as other automobile with
high quality. Hence, if on supplier raises costs then company switches to various supplier easily.
New entrant threat: When new firms enters inside the market where primary
organisation is working creates threats for the company. Within automobile sector, it is very
difficult for new institutions to enter easily as huge capitals are required by the new entrants to
make their position. This depicts that Toyota Motors has low threats in context to new entrants.
Competitive rivalry: It describes the competitive extent which is prevailing within
boundaries of any industry. Competitors offers similar products at reasonable low prices within
the market. In relation to automobile industry, various top notch institutions exists which
executes their strategies for acquiring huge par of market shares within UK. Competitive entities
of Toyota Motors are Tesla, Bentley Motors, Volkswagen and Ford. It implies that the force has
high ratio for Toyota Motors that can impact of its sustainability within the industry.
Threat of substitute: Substitutes are those commodities that are secondary from the
original ones and have same ability to satisfy the demands of audiences (Macarthy, 2018).
Threat of substitute that is low or high, all depends on business and their valuable products.
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There is high threat of availability of substitutes for Toyota Motors as various manufacturers
exists in automobile sector that offers automatic, tailor made vehicles as well as AI driven. The
another substitute against vehicles of Toyota motors is public transport that is run by UK's
government authorities for eliminating harmful environmental impacts related to pollution as
well as vehicle omission.
Buyers bargaining power: All industries run to meet requirements of buyers. With such
force, customers bargaining powers are determined that they posses while negotiating with entity
in context to prices of valuables that are offered in market by the firm. As automobile sector has
endless clients that provides buyers huge bargaining power. The customers of Toyota Motors,
have huge powers to force the company to reduce the prices at some extent. In addition, the
switching cost of customers is low that threatens for substitution for Toyota Motors.
According to above discussion, one can say that by implementing Porter's five force,
Toyota Motors gains advantages of gauging competition level, properly dealing with practices of
suppliers and effectively planning for upcoming trends. In contrary, by using the model,
company faces disadvantages of ignoring factors that are residing in present scenario in the
external surroundings. Furthermore, to implementation of this model is limited because of
limited positive points which makes the sector fit.
M3. Appropriate strategies to improve edge of competition together with market position
As per the outcomes of the above discussed model, it is said that Strategic planning
manager of Toyota Motors needs to more emphasise towards substitutes which are available
within automobile market (Madsen and Walker, 2015). For this, marketers of selected business
are required to execute extensive together with continuous market research for identifying key
trends together with innovative technologies emerging in the automotive industry. It will benefit
the firm to launch differentiated as well as stylish car models with innovative designs to enhance
their market position along with edge of competition.
TASK 4
P4. Theories and concept for devising strategic planning
Strategic directions are termed to actions which business takes for achieving objective of
organisational strategy. For analysing huge strategic directions which are available with business
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concerns, managers can use wide frameworks like Bowman's strategic model and Porter's
Generic model. The description of the both concepts is under beneath:
Porter's Generic Model
The concept was first provided by Michael Porter in the year 1985 in one of his book.
The model defines how a business pursues competitive advantages crossways to selected market
scope. The strategies within the model are elaborated more underneath:
Cost leadership: The strategy allows business to enhance their competitive edge through
manipulating their production costs. For enhancing edge of competition, managers of Toyota
Motors can adopt cost leadership strategy. Within this, they will charge lower prices for
enhancing the market share and will reduce prices of the cars for increasing profit volumes.
Differentiation strategy: Price is prime consideration for a firm while attracting market
audiences. However, customers want some uniqueness in the products in current era. To meet
unique requirements of customers, adoption of differentiation strategy will be considered best for
Toyota Motors as they will be able to develop their cars with more uniqueness along with having
attractive features that are different from others. Managers of the company are required to
conduct ongoing research, innovation and to deliver high quality of automobile products for
meeting promises.
Focus strategy: When companies targets niche market along with offers lowest prices
they goes with focus strategy. In context to Toyota Motors, if they are planning to understand
market dynamics and mainly target niche market and wishes to fulfil all demands of customers
by keeping costs at low, can go with such type of strategy. It is further classified into cost focus
and differentiation focus. Within cost focus, the entity will find cost advantages within intended
market segment. In contrary, within differentiation focus, the entity will work to search
uniqueness and manufactures same for maximising efforts.
From the above strategies, it can be stated that strategic planners of Toyota Motors
should adopt focus strategy as it will help in achieving cost advantages along with offering
differentiated cars or automobile products to market that will inflate its sales volume addition to
market shares. In addition, Toyota Motors can introduce electric cars for attracting potential
market segment towards the new offering. It will benefit in accomplishing all the business
objectives within set time course and will show increments in sales together with revenues.
Bowman's strategy model
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The model that is very helpful in analysing business competitive position in comparison
with offerings of rivals. Bowman's strategy clock was provided by David Faulkner along with
Cliff Bowman. Strategic planning team of entity can use the model as it describes that an
organisation have various options to position the products based on dimensions of perceived vale
as well as price. The positions are low price with low added value, monopoly pricing,
differentiation, market share loss, low prices, risky high margins, hybrid and focused
differentiation (Bowman strategy clock. 2019). As Toyota Motors have objective to persuade
customers by providing good added vale in combination with reasonable prices as well as
acceptable product differentiation, management of the company would choose hybrid position as
it will help the managers to offer good value within reasonable price that will persuade
customers to make purchase decisions for the cars.
Suggestions: According to the analysis done in Task 1, it is ascertained that Toyota
Motors managers uses PESTLE analysis for scanning external environment. From such analysis,
it is ascertained that the entity faces certain hurdles in sustaining in the dynamic market. Further,
in Task 2, the company used McKinsy's 7s Model and value chain model in which it is analysed
that it has wide types of valuables, resources and capabilities through which they enhances entire
production capacity but at same time faces In addition, the company also faces problems related
to concepting and executing proper practices for developing products. In addition, within Task 3,
Porter's five force was applied for evaluating competitive market forces that showed that few
forces impacts organisational working and impacts on its growth, sustainability and expansion.
From all these analysis, Toyota Motors managers are suggested to opt stability strategy from
corporate strategies that will help in pursuing activities continuously and achieving incremental
performances so to sustain in changing market. Along with it, the entity is also suggested to use
expansion strategy so that they can serve mass population with properly implementing practices
in effective manner.
M4. Strategic management plan
Strategic management plan can be said to the document that have information about
objectives, tactics, strategies which firm uses for coordinating as well as aligning resources as
well as actions with vision of business (Wonglimpiyarat, 2016). For this, the strategic planning
team of Toyota Motors has devised the strategic management plan for electric cars:
Set of procedures Description
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Executive summary Toyota Motors is one of the multinational automotive
manufacturer that has its key plants in United Kingdom. The
company employs 3000 individuals. The entity has came from
long way to make new generation of automobile cars and other
products.
Vision The vision statement of the company is to become top leader
within multinational automobile industry.
Mission The mission statement of Toyota Motors is to offer stylish along
with innovations to market audiences for gaining maximum
customer loyalty.
Objectives The company has objective to expand its UK's market share by
15% till 2021.
Strategies For launching electric cars within surroundings of United
Kingdom, Toyota Motors would use 2 key strategies:
Market research: it is the duty of strategic planning manager to
ensure that ongoing market research will be carried out by the
marketers so to determine latest trends with technologies which
are emerging in the market.
Extensive marketing: The marketing team would get
themselves indulge in activities with extensive marketing before
launching new electric car within the market which will aid the
entity in inflating the reach towards larger customer base for
satisfying them.
Tactics Tactics are planned actions that results in goal achievement. For
attaining goals within set time frame, Toyota Motors would
tactics concerned with technological advancements, operational
efficiency tactic and value addition tactic. By applying these
Toyota Motors managers will be able to expand their existing
market position and provide maximum satisfaction to market
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audiences.
Strategic plan evaluation To evaluate the strategic plan, KPI will be best. It will help in
analysing business performance with its two indicators that are
financial indicator for project success in financial terms and non
financial indicator for measuring market share, personnel
turnover ratios as well as eliminating wastages. The measures
will aid in comparisons between set performance with actual
results. When any deficiency is analyses, corrective actions
would be taken by management team on accurate time.
D1. Critiques and data interpretation with application of environment as well as competitive
analysis.
(Source: Toyota car sales within UK. 2019)
The above graph interprets that Toyota Motors has sold around 8000 cars within UK. In
addition, it can also said that the sales of vehicle are on peak during the month of April and
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Illustration 1: Toyota car sales within UK. 2019

October each year due to the reason that within these months new registration plates are mainly
issues by Driver as well as Vehicle Licensing Agency.
As per PESTLE analysis, it can be interpreted that stability within political and economic
environment facilitates designing strategies by which Toyota Motors can enhance market
position. Te social factors describes customers purchase behaviour that changes with time and
impacts negatively on business (Wu, Gao and Gu, 2015). In addition, SWOT analysis helps in
identifying strengths, opportunities, threats with weaknesses that company should focus on.
Porter's five forces illustrates extensive competition in automobile industry. For overcoming with
all, Toyota Motors are recommended to adopt focus strategy and hybrid strategy for increasing
existing market standings.
CONCLUSION
From the report it can be concluded that strategy are the plans which is prepared by
business concern in order to continue and grow their business within competitive market (Zhu
and Chertow, 2017). To launch a new business or new product in existing company there is need
to have strong planning. PESTLE analysis is used to know about external factor which can
impacts on business. SWOT analysis is used to know the strength and weakness of running
business and defines threats also. VRIO analysis is used to know the capabilities of business
organisation by creating value of resources. Porter's analysis is fits for gaining competitive
advantages by using this framework.
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