This report discusses the value and contribution of human resource management in organizational success. It explores the relationship between organizational design and structure, and highlights emerging HR developments. The report also discusses two approaches related to the contribution of HR function in the organization.
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Value and Contribution to Organisational Success
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 PART 1............................................................................................................................................3 Introduction............................................................................................................................3 Organisation design and its relation with organisation structure...........................................5 Emerging HR developments...................................................................................................7 Two approaches related with the contribution of HR function in the organisation...............8 Recommendation..................................................................................................................13 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................13 PART 2..........................................................................................................................................14 Relationship between the organisational design and change management..........................14 Different type of changes that affect organisational design.................................................14 Relationship between organisational design and change management................................15 CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................17
INTRODUCTION Human resource management works as a mandatory part for the organisation as it provide high contribution for the success of organisation. Values, motivation and contribution plays an important role in the organisation as it ensures skilled employee's works for longer period in the management. The aim main to implement and develop values,design etc. in the organisation is to leads the management to complete their work in order to gain competitive advantage in the market. Various strategies are developed by adding value in the resources for achieving organisational goals and objectives. This report is written from the perspective of Unilever which is one of the leading organisation of UK(Conn and et. al., 2016). Moreover, this report highlights on importance of organisational design theory and analyses of different approach, techniques used for creating and attracting skilled and dedicated workforce for organisation. In the last, organisational design and research is conducted which is used to respond and adapt towards change management. PART 1 Introduction Unilever is one of the leading as well as recognised organisation which operates and transacts their business in the consumer goods industry. The headquarter of UK is established in London,United Kingdom. Major revenue for the organisation is earned from the food and beverage section that increases profits for the firm in short intervals. Moreover, they also produce cleaning agents, personal care and beauty products that increases market share for the products. In the last, Unilever is one of the oldest multi-national organisation that operates their business in more than 190 countries(Corbacioglu and Kapucu, 2006). Along with this they own and offer more than 400 brands to the customer’s. In the present scenario, Unilever operates their businessamongfourdifferentdivisionwhicharepersonalcare,homecare,foodand refreshment. Organisation structure Organisation structure refer to all those activities that are involved in the organisation for achieving goals and objectives of the organisation. The main aim to develop an effective organisational structure is to perform the functions and operations of Unilever in effective manner. An organisational structure is categorise into various factors that includes matrix, line,
divisional and many more. In the context of organisation structure Unilever implements line and staff organisation structure for enhancing the overall productivity of the organisation. This results it is easy for management of Unilever to sustain for longer period in the market. Some of the organisation structure are mention as below: Matrix structure- This kind of the organisation structure leads the management to perform their role in effective manner. As the reporting relationship in matrix organisational structure are rigid in nature. This works as the management of organisational management in which employee's related with same skill are grouped together in order to complete their work in effective manner(Eriksson and Kadefors, 2017). Moreover, a manager to monitor the functions of organisation is selected by top authority of Unilever, to whom all employee's report their day to day operations. Divisional structure-In the divisional structure of the organisation, there are various functions are performed by management that relates with a particular division on product as well as geographic basis. M-form is the another name of organisation of divisional structure because it is related with various multi-divisional structure. One of the major advantage to implement respective organisation structure is to make changes in one company. So this results the failure or success of one company is related with one department only as it negative effects does not impact on other departments of a similar organisation. In context of Unilever, this works as one of major advantage for the company. Flat structure-Most of the organisation which operates their business at small or initial level follows flat organisational structure as they has low number of projects. Along with this under flat structure, employee's of all levels are able to easily communicate with the managers and top authorities of organisation(Lord and et. al., 2015). But Unilever is operating their business at global level so it is complex for the management to implement and follow flat organisational structure, because top authorities need to make more crucial decisions rather than solving employee's queries and small issues. Line structure-It is one of the most simplest form of organisational structure. The line structure follows in a vertical flow. This governs that all the instruction are make by authorities and it flows form the top position to the below position. Moreover, in the line structure superior make order for subordinates. It results that chain of command is developed in the Unilever, this results it is easy for management to make discipline in the organisation at a large level.
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Moreover, Only one form of the authority is developed in the organisation after implementing line authority. This governs line authority refers to the direct control of the manager over subordinates. Therefore, management of Unilever follow line structure in the organisation. Hierarchical structure-These kind of structure makes simple level of communication channel in the organisation. It determines that all employee's will follow one vision that is followed by all employee's in order to achieve their goals within predetermine period. Moreover, this structure develops a formal communication channel that assist employee's to make better communication between power, management and authorities of organisation(Magalhaes and Mattos, 2015). Unilever is the UK based largest organisation that is engage in providing broad range of products like food, beauty products etc. Moreover, Unilever owns more than 400 brands that is related with turnover of 53.7 billion for the year 2017. In order to manage the business at multi- national level, along with wide variety of products. This is mandatory for the Unilever to implement divisional structure for managing their business at global level. Organisation design and its relation with organisation structure Design for the organisation exists as a procedure for the organisation that is used to identify the effective workflow of system and structure. So it is easy for the Unilever to formulate effective plans for organisation that assist management to achieve their goals and objectives. Along, with this it also helps Unilever to make essential changes which helps organisation to enhance their productivity in an appropriate manner. Organisation design is one of the mandatory aspects which helps management to achieve huge success in market and industry. Unilever already defined their organisational structure that helps them to enhance their profitability and productivity such as by adopting innovation it is easy for management to complete their work in appropriate manner. This results the organisation is able to perform their work by enhancing the work performance of organisation. Moreover, Unilever develops a clear vision as well as communicate it with all employee's(Moskovsky and et. al., 2016). This results organisation is able to perform their work with more efficiency through which management is able to accomplish their goals and objectives in minimum time period. The existing environment of the organisation is too dynamic, so to tackle this traditional and modern both structure are used by management by formulating team structure, project structure in order to make more benefits for organisation.
Types of organisational design: ï‚·Functional design-The organisation is considered as a departmentalised area and it is based on various functions that undertake about materials management production, finance and accounting, human resource management etc. All of them are coordinated by organisation to perform work in an organised manner. â—¦Positive- Functional design aids management to perform their work with more efficiency through completing task in an organised manner. It aids individuals to manage work with decided steps. â—¦Negative-Their are different functions performed by management so it is complex for organisation to coordinated between all functions in proper manner. ï‚·Traditional design-The traditional design consists and undertakes simple structure, divisional and functional structure which are adopted by the organisation from several years. Positive-It is followed by organisation from several years so it states management to complete their work because of constant result formulation. Negative-With understand of traditional design this is analysed that due to follow constant design. This is complex to complete work in dynamic situation. ï‚·Contemporary design-The contemporary design relates with project structure, team and matrix structure. This all works as one of the most appropriate design which leads organisation to complete their effectively. Positive-With understand of contemporary design this is analysed by management that Unilever perform work through managing work with formulation of strong structure. It aids management to complete project in proper manner. Negative-Due to contemporary design overall changes are monitored in organisation so contemporary design is complex to implement. In the present scenario, Unilever follow divisional structure because it is directly linked with the traditional design(Payten, Ben-Nissan and Mercert, 1998). The connections between the organisational design and structure is mention as follow: The divisional structure consists of various parts that are separate from each other. Along with this they are also semi-autonomous divisions. So it is important for organisation to monitor as well as manage them to all as they all are related with the goals and objectives of the
organisation. On the other side, manager needs to deal with various conflicts that raises in internal as well as external environment of Unilever. So it is essential to oversee all the divisions or departments of a company(Saidi, 2015). The main motive to utilize these connection between organisation is to identify all perspective through which it is easy to recognise which department is responsible for the failure of the project. Unileverisperformingtheir businessatgloballevel.Therefore,largenumber of functions are performed by them that are related with organisation goals and objectives. Further, one of the major benefit that utilise by Unilever is that all these functions are related with traditionaldesign of the organisation. Thisdeterminesthatdivisional structurehelps the managementtoperformtheirfunctionstowardsorganisationobjectiveswhichhelpsthe organisation to achieve more growth and success in the market. Inthe last, effective organisation design can be aligned with an effective organisation structure that is followed by Unilever. Further, with the establishment of right business strategy an organisation recruit right people and resources to achieve goals and objectives in accurate manner. Organisation Size-The organisation structure depends on the size of the organisation, it determines the larger firm needs to implement formal and organised structure. So it is easy for management to manager and perform their work in effective manner. Unilever is performing their business at global level so with the implement of formal structure it is easy for superior and top authorities to define and divide the work in accurate manner. It also helps management to provide equal responsibility and authority to all subordinates. Organisation life cycle-The life cycle of the organisation consists of various stages that are initial stage, developing stage, established stage and declining stage. In the present scenario, Unilever is increasing their business with rapid speed so it is essential for them to make changes in the products. This results with the implement of changes it is easy for organisation to remain their business at profitable stage. Unilever is adopting the latest technology in order to overcome from the daily challenges of the organisation(So, Kuang and Cho, 2016). As most of the existing operations of Unilever are completed with the involvement of technology. Hence, it is important for management to adopt necessary changes in their technological aspects that helps to perform company operations with more efficiency. Evaluation of importance of organisational design theory in context of organisation structure
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There are different task performed by management and it is useful for analysing all task according to development of structure and it is also useful for improving communication, increasing productivity and creating positive environment that helps to complete work in an effective manner. Most activities are performed with more productivity which leads Unilever to attribute better organisational design so it work as apositive aspectfor organisation that helps to deal with business objectives and goals. Moreover, organisational design theory helps in coordinating for all functions to generate and develop ideas which is most effective to operate business functions according to new strategy but it work as a challenge due to which negative areas are included in company management. Example- if an organisation undertakes talented people, great leaders and essential resources but a less effective design than it is complex to control and monitor all departments of respective organisation which create low productivity for business. Emerging HR developments Employee experience-In the present scenario, there are various trends will be monitored in management that leads to develop HR department through developing effective strategies that enhances employee engagement by developing internal talent in employees for increasing satisfaction that enhances productivity of organisation. Artificial intelligence-Technology is including all essential operations of a company. Similarly it is also included in HR practices such as self learning system and searching about potential candidates, it results Unilever will able to work with effective manner at global level through engaging right employees at right place. Investing in talent-Training and development are some most effective approaches which is utilised by management to increase productivity of employees. Therefore, it is one of the most effective methods such as Online training and tools leads to gain huge success for promoting talent with high success rates. Two approaches related with the contribution of HR function in the organisation Their are two different approaches that are used by human resource for designing organisation structure is an accurate manner is mention as follow: Qualitative approach-This is one of the major approach that is used by subordinates so that organisation can make constant efforts to achieve organisational objective effectively. Qualitative approach is one of the most effective tool because it controls all the conflicts and
issue that take place in the departments. The main motive to establish this approach is to satisfy all the needs of workforce. The HR manager of the Unilever needs to adopt respective approach because it allows human resources to make right decision. This results the positive environment will be generated in the organisation and among the workforce of organisation. On the other side, it also allows employee's and other stakeholders to take part in the decision-making process in order to improve the communication process. This results it is easy for employee's to express their views and they feel more valued in the organisation(Thite, Wilkinson and Shah, 2012). The main aim to implement qualitative approach is to generate the sense of belongingness among employee's. So better results or outcomes will be gained from their performance. Quantitative approach-The quantitative approach is one of the most best method that is used by human resource department. As it helps to transform, allow and communicate essential informationbetweensuperiorandsubordinates.Unilever,requiresskilledandcapable employee's in order to perform all activities with in a appropriate manner. So the workforce of the organisation can estimate the requirement of manpower according to the changes that takes place in market on regular basis. On the other side, Unilever performs other functions which are also mandatory for organisation such as recruitment, selection, training and development. So the vacant seats in the teams can be fulfilled in short time period. Further, it also helps the individuals as well as teams to improve their work capabilities on daily basis by taking constant feedbacks from HR(Zoffmann and et. al., 2016). In the last, from the above report it is concluded that human resource allows the management to complete their operations in an effective manner. So the goals of the organisation are achieved in predetermine period of the organisation. Motivation This is one of the major technique that leads organisation to perform their work by motivating individuals through organising various training programs and seminars. The main motive to implement motivation technique is to achieve organisational gaols in short intervals. Further it is divided into two different parts which are mention as follow: Intrinsic motivation-The intrinsically motivated person or individual is motivated by the internal desire which will be satisfies by the individual in the upcoming future. In context of Unilever adopts and implement those technique that enhances employee's to learn and desire essential skill.
Extrinsic motivation-When the individual are motivated by external factors and its leads them to encourage individuals to perform their work in the hope of earning a reward. They are performing their work to enhance employee's performance effectively. Content vs process theory of motivation Content theoryProcess theory Content theory can also be defined as the need theory which can be defined as the earliest theories that undertakes the concept of motivation. It is used by Unilevertoanalyseneedsand requirements such as basic necessities ofanindividual.Itassistthe management to encourage and motivate individuals on intrinsic bases. The main motive of process theory of themotivationistoencouragethe employee'sperformancethrough understandingthebehaviourof individualsandteams.Itundertakes various factors and theories which are used as an extrinsic factor to motivate the individuals. With the proper motivation techniques it is easy for the management of Unilever to enhance the employee's skills by guiding towards right direction in order to achieve desire results for the organisational goals and objectives. Moreover, motivated employee's enhance their skill, capabilities and methods to complete their work effectively. Human capital theory Human capital theory enhances the work performance of individuals by increasing education level of employee's. Unilever's increases value of employee's knowledge, habits and attributes by educating and improving their less productive skill. So it helps to perform their work towards organisational goals and objectives. Techniques and approaches used by human resource is as follow: Their are various approaches are followed and implemented by the Unilever that aid the HR to attract and develop more number of employee's. So the workforce of organisation are totally dedicated and motivated towards organisational goals and objectives. Some of the major approaches that are followed by Unilever are mention as follow: Employee’s relations approach-These approach is totally focused on improving the employee's relations with the managers and top authorities of organisation. HR of Unilever's uses
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this approach to establish strong relations with all the workforce. This results positive working environment will be generated in the organisation. For this, manager of the organisation provides opportunities to employee's for engaging them in decision-making which directly and indirectly develops strong relationship with employee's. Moreover, in the present scenario employee's are one of the most important asset for all large organisation such as Unilever's. As it leads management to achieve their goals and objectives. Therefore, employee's relation approach helps organisation to take competitive advantage in market. Planning of human resource-HR planning is developed by the organisation as an effective framework that helps employee's to participate in various activities. This approach is managed by the organisation so it is useful for management to generate positive factor in all departments and units. In the context of Unilever's HR performed various operations that are related with programs like orientation, meetings and seminars. This is beneficial for organisation because it helps to generate new ideas that are related with innovation and participation among employee's. With the motivated employee's it is easy for management to increase the retention rate of employee's. It results the performance level will increases by engaging employee's in all functions and operations of Unilever. So it results this is easy for management to generate better communication among the workforce of organisation. Performance appraisals approach-The approach for performance appraisals is done by theorganisationthroughusingdifferenttoolssuchasKeyperformanceindicatorand Benchmarking. Unilever utilise KPI tool in order to measure the performance of employee's. This results it is easy for manager to analysis the gap between the actual outcome and desired outcome of the organisation. The major outcome from this helps the organisation to complete their work by making effective decisions through providing essential training and development to the employee's. This results the performance and productivity of the organisation and individuals will be increased after conducting and arranging training classes for management and workforce of organisation. Development of the HR needs and how selected approaches are related with HR practice along with their response towards external environment and internal environment In the context of developing human resource it is necessary for management to develop skills, capabilities and abilities of all staff members for the organisation. This determines it is the responsibility of human resource manager and department to maintain staff needs, performance
and abilities of workforce. Moreover, Unilever's is adopting different techniques that are beneficial to increase the capabilities and strength of staff who is engage in organisation to complete their work in effectively such as training and development, seminars and workforce for organisation. On the other side, skill and knowledge of the staff members enhances the productivity of individuals due to which management is able to complete their work with more efficiency. This will allow staff members to enhance their skills and knowledge related to job. So the satisfaction level among employee's will increases through their performance. The increased efficiency and productivity of the organisation allows the manager of Unilever to deal with all changes by adopting the communication process in the organisation. Moreover, as per the modern era there are regular changes are monitored in the technology and rules due to which goals and objectives of a company are impacted. As it is complex for organisation to achieve there goals and objectives because of the changes in market and industry. Unilever is utilising traditional and situational approach in order to plan and its changes related with production factor. So to deal with the process of change managers focuses on analytical and technical aspects that increases the efficiency of organisation. Human resource executive of the Unilever is totally focused on recruiting new staff members. As the persons who contain required skill easily adopt the changes related with technology. So they are able to perform their work in better way. Research and implementation of contemporary knowledge for development of emerging Human Resource Human resource development is one of the most difficult task that is related with business practice of organisation because all employee's are different in nature. Moreover, related performance with the employee's leads the organisation to increase their performance by contributing high skills and knowledge in business operations. Linked In-Recruitment and selection process is one of the essential task for organisation. To deal and complete the process of recruitment. Linked is one of the major tool that provides large number of skilled and capable employee's whom qualifications and skills match with the particular job. Like Unilever is performing their business at global levels so they require high skilled employee's due to which it is easy for management to complete their work in effective manner. So with the approach of Linked in Unilever's easily recruit large number of employee's effectively. This results it is easy for management to fill vacant position in the organisation.
Artificial intelligence-Their are various platform are designed by the industry that helps organisation to recruit employee's. Such asVeriato’s that is used to track employee's activities such as number of key strokes, suffering and consumption of data. This leads organisation to manage their works for months. Along with this the implementation of AI system evaluate the data is effectual when Unilever's decides baseline activities for organisation. Evaluate how contemporary research based on emerging HR developments linked in a global environment: In this, cross culture engagement will have high impact over a business organisation as it helps in developing the company's performance at international level. When a business is performing operational activities at a various location of entire world then it is helpful for the organisation like Unilever to engage cross culture environment as it will have positive and favourable impact over globalisation. This will directly leads in increasing the Unilever's performance at a international business environment. Evaluation: It should be evaluate that the demand of work life balance is increased which refers to the state through which workers are able to manage their personal as well as professional life. It is essential for the company to facilitates work life balances as this will assist in developing their performance. As the increasing demand of work life balance helps in facilitating job satisfaction in workers. How HR function evolve given advances in technology which have influenced workforce behaviour and culture, HR practices and skill requirements: There is a huge development in HR practices and skill requirements that enhance due to the evolution in advance technology which has major impacts over employees behaviour and organisation as well.Impact of advance technology on HR of Unilever's are mentioned below: Use of online skill assessment have increased as most appropriate tool for talent management as it can be done in various ways such as test, quizzes as well as survey in order to minimise the risks. Introducing learning management systems also important at what stage of career the workers are. As the expectation of learning among new employees, companies like Unilever introduce learning management system which assist managers to track the employees learning in a systematic manner.
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Recommendation After analysing the above points of report, it can be recommended for the Unilever to make in the organisation on constant basis. Along with this changes related with plans and strategies helps management to increase their market area. In the last changes relates with external and internal environment management of HR impacts on skilled employee's. So with monitoring the micro and macro factors of Unilever's it is easy to identify required number of employee's. Conclusion In the last, by the above report it is concluded that structure of organisation depends on the size of company. So to survive in the organisation it is essential for management to make changes that need to implement. Human resource of the organisation are also works as an essential part for the success that allows management to accomplish their goals and objectives in effective manner. PART 2 Relationship between the organisational design and change management Organisational design works as a step to step process or methodology that is related with identification and aspects of work flow, structure and procedures for the organisation. This is beneficial for the organisation to develop and implement those plans through which technical changes will be improved. For the current organisation, design process helps management to make those changes through which better results will be formed in the operations and functions of a respective organisation. Majority of the organisation, oversee design process as an effective tool which empowered employee's performance and commitment towards employee's. Role of HR in change management Changes makes various functions uncertainness and issue when they are implemented in the organisation. So to deal with employee engagement in the organisation HR make some policies which are mention as follow: Introduce best practices-There are various factors are managed by the organisation such as interview, test rounds etc. but to deal with the change perspective. HR introduce best practices for organisation such as their benefits, employee engagement and work practices which tells welfare from change management.
Improve HR effectiveness-HR effectiveness works as a professional period that leads the functions of management with more efficiency by recruiting employee's that works as positive factor for organisation. Moreover, to make changes HR guide employee's so they become habitual for the changes of organisation. Different type of changes that affect organisational design There are number of changes to which an organisation go through while operating at global level as each nation is different in term of its cultural and practices which directly influence the manner in which operations must be performed. Being a global leader, Unilever may face several changes while operating its operation in international market that directly affect its organisation design which are mentioned below: ï‚·Personnel change:- This change may get anticipated within Unilever when it set up its business in another nation and hire the localities from that nation which affect its cultural as well as processes of performing operations. Hence this change if not managed properly that affect the performance of the Unilever by affecting the working practices of existing employees as they find it difficult to make new employees learn different cultural practices. ï‚·Transformational change:-This change is basically bring within an organisation while implementinganewbusinessstrategyforaparticulargoal.Whilebrining transformational change, Unilever must consider factors like social climate, cultural trend and technological progress for devising the organisation strategy in effective manner. This is because if not managed properly then it may create dissatisfaction among employees and may also result in affecting productivity. ï‚·Psychological change:-This change is mainly occur within an organisation when its performance is not as per as customer expectation this in turn affect its market position as the psychological perception of people get changes toward the company. Hence, in order to bring this change Unilever first focuses toward determining the main cause behind a problem that affect its performance and then try to resolve it by bringing a change. Relationship between organisational design and change management. Each organisation consist of some state vision, mission or objectives over which it performed operations. In order to enhance the level of performance as per the challenges confronted by the company it bring change within the operations by formulating strategies. But
in order to implement and manage the change effectively within the organisation it is crucial for the leaders to manage the changes with the help of organisational structure as it ensure appropriate flow of operations and work to be performed in effective manner. When Unilever bring up transformational changes and it is related with organisation design because it states management to perform their work with motive of designing positive process. This states persons to complete task in an organised manner so transformational change perspective play an important role and this is used for bring positive results because it is used in term of redesigning processes to meet with the demand and supply, redesigning of distribution network or implementation of new theory etc. it directly affect the employees within the organisation who are working over their pre defined actions.Therefore, this change can affect the employees in variety of manner among them the major issue can be related with the dropping outofthequalityofworkorproductivityoforganisation.Hence,thechangethatget implementedwithintheorganisationrequirepropermanagementwhileconsideringthe employees and their working practices. This is because it is said that change management has a direct relationship with the organisational design. As the organisation design consist of a structure of work flow within company and kind of activities performed by the employees. Therefore,organisationaldesigndirectitseffortstowardassessingandreshapingthe organisational structure in term of modifying the method, process or capability of performing particular task in order to bring and successfully implementing the transformational changes. Effective change within the legal and ethical constraints:It is essential for the company Unilever to change their legal as well as ethical constraints with the changes in governmental rules and regulations as this will assist in performing operational activities and accomplish organisational objectives in a successful manner. Further, change management model work as a positive aspect which helps to complete all work by managing task according to current suitable market conditions.Moreover, it is also useful for overcoming from different situations to manage and complete organisation work in an appropriate manner. This also generate positive results because change with legal and ethical approach aids to achieve goals with more efficiency. On other side, negative aspect define that legal method requires a large of formalities which is recognised as time consuming process. Barriers to change: There are many challenges that are faced by a company while they plan changes as it is highly developed due to the alterations in the management performance.
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These are related to the psychological, technological as well as perceptual barriers. Unilever authorities face difficulties to motivate employee's for adopting change management so deal with such situation management implement change management model for completing all work in an appropriate manner. Barrier to change is anegative perspectiveand it generate different complexity for managing business with new strategy as workforce is demotivated to adopt changes.It bring positive aspect because by identifying methods related with barrier this is easy to complete all work by completion of work according to current market conditions. On the other side, negative aspect define the most complex task for completion of work is that stakeholders not accept methods to perform work with changes. Overcoming barriers to change: It is necessary for Unilever to overcome from these challenges to change as well as perform operational activities effectively and efficiently. As company requires to develop skills and performance of workers to responds on these barriers which helps for solving all situations in a sequential manner for minimising complex situations with use of current skills.The positive way to overcome from barrier define individuals are motivated Unilever's workforce by managing work in an organised manner. Negative aspect consider that it is time consuming to identify methods that is used to overcome from barrier. CONCLUSION In the end, by the above report it is analysed that changes is an essential tool for organisation and it helps management to perform their work with new strategy for completing their work in an effective manner. Human resource manager are responsible to motivate employee's for making changes in society such as best practices helps management to make and implement alternations in the organisation. Transformational and psychological changes leads management to evaluate all changes in society.
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