Unit 4: Management and Operations - Leadership and Management in Business

This unit explores the critical relationship between leadership and management within a contemporary business environment. It delves into the distinct roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, examining how they apply in different situational contexts. The unit also investigates various theories and models of leadership, including situational leadership, systems leadership, and contingency theory. Furthermore, it examines the key approaches to operations management and the role of leaders and managers in achieving business objectives. The unit concludes by analyzing the impact of the relationship between leadership and management on the business environment and wider community.

Unit 4
Management and Operations

Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................4
LO1 Differentiate between the role of a leader and the function of a manager........5
Introduction...................................................................................................................5
P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a
manager.........................................................................................................................5
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................9
LO2..................................................................................................................................10
Introduction....................................................................................................................10
P2 Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager
apply in different situational contexts.....................................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................12
Introduction....................................................................................................................13
P3. Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational
leadership, systems leadership, and contingency.................................................13
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................14
M2 Access and evaluate the strength and weakness of different approaches
to situations within the work environment...........................................................15
D1 Critically analyze and evaluate the different theories and approaches to
leadership using examples from your chosen organization..............................16
LO3 Demonstrate an appreciation of the role leaders and managers play in the
operations function of an organization.......................................................................17
P4 Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that
leaders and managers play.......................................................................................17
Introduction....................................................................................................................17
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................25
Introduction....................................................................................................................27

P5 Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving
business objectives...................................................................................................27
M3 evaluate how leaders and managers can improve the efficiencies of
operational management to successfully meet the business objectives of
your chosen organization......................................................................................34
LO4 Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between leadership and
management in a contemporary business environment...........................................35
P6 Using examples from your chosen organization, assess the factors within
the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision-making by leaders and managers............................................................35
M4 Analyse how the relationship between leadership and management affects
the business environment and wider community of your chosen organization.
..................................................................................................................................36
D2 Critically evaluate the application of operations management in your
chosen organization and the factors that impact on the wider business
environment.............................................................................................................37
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................38
References......................................................................................................................39

Introduction
This unit is describing the operations and the management of an organization. The role
and the characteristics of the manager are compared. It includes the role of leader and
the functions of the manager according to different situations. Different theories and
models are included with leadership and all management functions. Different
approaches are described with their weakness and strength within the work
environment. The model of approaches and the theories of leadership and function of
manager are described by effectively by applying the range of theories and the
concepts. Moreover, the importance and the value of operations management in
achieving business objectives are explained. To meet with the business objectives the
managers and leaders how can improve the efficiencies of operational management are
described in brief. The factors which impact in decision making and operational
business by the managers and leaders are also described. It has analyzed that how the
relation of management and the leadership can affect the business and the wider range
of the community.
LO1 Differentiate between the role of a leader and the function of a manager.
Introduction
The given task will explain the definition of management and leadership, along with their
roles & responsibilities in the organization. The task will also discuss the important
management functions developed by Henry Fayol and various leadership roles provided
by Mintzberg to develop the organization thoroughly.

P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a
manager.
Management
Management refers to a process that includes the terms planning, organizing, leading
and controlling with respect to its implementation on the organization. Management is
nothing but a simple process of dealing with people and resources for achieving
organizational goals.
Leadership
Leadership refers to leading a group of individuals or a business organization by a
leader to achieve various business goals. Leadership is a mindset of a good leader to
influence other ones through organization’s vision and mission.
The various management functions developed by Henry Fayol are;
 Planning is an initial stage of the management function that involves a path to
achieving business goals through pre-planned strategy. According to Henry
Fayol planning is one of the hardest processes of the management function. The
most significant function of manager of Jaguar is to set an effective plan to boost
its car manufacturing (Realentrepreneur, 2017).
 After planning, the important function of management is to organize the business
structure according to available resources, capital, and staff. The proper
functioning of organizing is essential to achieve the business goals. For the
management of Jaguar, it is important to utilize the available resources and staff
for smooth functioning of the business.
 Under the directing function, leaders mainly give instructions to the employees of
the organization to perform various tasks related to achieving some specific goal,
along with proper guidelines, directions, and communication. The managers of
Jaguar allocate the different tasks to employees to perform better according to
their ability.
 Under the controlling function of management, the actual verification is held
between the actual results and desired result of the organization. Manager of the
Jaguar must check out the upcoming results and problems for better
implementation of management strategies (Richtopia, 2018).
Following are the three groups of leadership roles;
Interpersonal roles
The interpersonal roles of manager include the further three terms: figurehead,
leader, and liaison. As first manager figurehead all the important information of the
company related to staff, customers, suppliers and employees that further helps in

smooth functioning of the Jaguar. The second one treats a manager like a leader
and force manager to act like a leader with better coordination. The last subhead
shows a different role of a manager by establishing a link between the company and
outsiders through conferences and meetings (salesforce, 2014).
Informational roles
The manager of Jaguar control and monitor the activities of the company, along with
better coordination between the environmental factors; external and internal (RAO,
2013). The manager always searches current information about the business
decision making processes and transfer important information regarding changing
policies, plans, and technology upgrade to the employees.
Decision roles
In the decision making roles of the organization, the manager performs further tasks
on the basis of all given information; business as well as environment information
(RAO, 2013). Manager and leader of Jaguar make business decisions with creative
ideas along with leading all employees smoothly, for continuing development &
growth of the company.

M1 Analyse and differentiate between the role of a leader and function of a
manager by effectively applying a range of theories and concepts.
There are different types of theories that apply to the management of the company that
involves scientific management and Elton Mayo's Hawthorne Effect theories. The roles
and functions of manager and leader are defined according to different types of theories
ranges, along with their approaches to handling the employees and other factors.
Scientific management theory
The scientific theory of the management focuses on every individual and helpful in
performing several technical tasks on every floor of the company. The main aim of
implementation of this scientific theory is to boost the production of the company
through advanced technology and workforce. The major roles of a leader and functions
of a manager according to this theory are;
 Manager records the list of performing tasks by the employees to record
transactions and duration of working. On the other hand, leader helps the
employees at the time of performing tasks, and find out the solutions to
employees grievances.
 The manager makes several business decisions to achieve goals and relates
them to technology advancement for the development of Jaguar's business plan.
Along with, leader helps the employees to achieve those objectives and goals
according to their duration; short term and long term (Tipschief, 2016).
Elton Mayo’s Hawthorne Effect
Elton Mayo is one of the famous management theories, also known as Hawthrone effect
that explains the organization effect on employees; includes that simply remuneration is
not so enough to encourage the employees they need more facilities along with it i.e
refreshments and short time breaks between the work. Under this theory, the
employees mainly affected by their surroundings and belongings.
 Manager exercises different functions related to company's organization
structure. Besides, a leader focuses on employees, along with solving their
problems.
 The manager controls the system and employees of the company. Besides,
leader guides and remove uncertainty between the lower and upper level of
management.
 Manager performs mainly all the functions of the company; planning, organizing,
controlling and more for the better coordination between the employees and
managers. Besides, leader performs only one function of management that is
directing.

Conclusion
The overall task concludes the different types of management and leadership
theories that further explained the role of leader and function of a manager to the
successful running of the Jaguar. The task mainly focuses on the scientific
management theory and Elton mayo's theory that can improve the overall
performances of manager and leader.

LO2 Apply the role of a leader and the function of a manager in given contexts.
Introduction
This question has described the role of leaders and the function of the manager which
are applied in different situations of an organization. The different theories implemented
by the management and leaders to overcome the high cost of production.
P2 Examine examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager
apply in different situational contexts.
The role of a leader and the functions of a manager make the work of an organization in
the direction of fulfillment of the objectives of the organization. There are different trends
and styles of a leader and different functions of a manager by which the functions of
management work properly. There are many theories of the management which is
implemented with the leadership which helps the company to grow its operations. The
department of operational management of the Jaguar combines the efforts of the leader
with the management theory to cut down the cost of manufacturing.
Automobiles companies such as jaguar are facing the problems with the change in the
phase of material and the equipment and changes of the price of fuel, in such situation
the leader’s planning and the functions of management implement these strategies
which can increase the sale and revenue and can even handle the cost of manufacture
of the company.
The management of these companies can plan such strategies to overcome the current
situation of the increased cost of production and purchasing. The leaders use a
technique to motivate the employees by which they change the gap and restrictions
between the employees and create the environment of trust with their communications
skills and adopt the advancement of the technology to lower down the manufacturing
cost (RAO, 2013).
Classical management theory is applied to enhance the productivity. The leaders
delegate the duties to the employees and the managers’ work with the employees to
achieve the standard of the performance, so the employees can be motivated and
hence achieve the target of the organization as well as of individuals. For improving the
production and reducing the cost the managers has developed the strategies, in which
the efforts of management and of the employees continually increase and improve the
production activity and the participation of the leader's style is applied by which the input
of both the managers and workers can increase and improve the production and can
reduce the cost.

(Figure: 1)
(Source: NHS Leadership, 2018)
Contingency theory is the theory which focuses on the change of the situation and
changes the strategies according to it. The leaders play an important role to bring out
the changes in the operations to meet down with the challenges as they influence the
employees to do so. The managers of the company have found out the reason of the
increased cost of the production and have applied some theories to change in the
activities of the operations to bring down the high prices of the materials which are
received from the suppliers and changes.
The next theory is a Behavioral theory which applied by the automobile companies, the
theory is followed by the managers to look about the capabilities and the skills of the
employees and described it with the leader. Leader analyses on the skills of the
employee and then by using the transformational style in which the leaders
communicate with the employees and discuss the policy in an effective way to the
employee.
Conclusion
In this different theories implemented by the managers and leaders are discussed to
overcome the situation of high rates of production.

Introduction
This brief tells about the different styles of the leadership by which the leaders motivate
to the employees and the employees achieve their task in an effective manner. The
motivated employee achieves the task by putting the organization in front so that the
growth of the company increases and the cost of production reduce.
P3. Apply different theories and models of approach, including situational
leadership, systems leadership, and contingency.
System leadership is applied by the automobiles companies like Jaguar, the leaders
analyze the work of the employee and monitor it according to the company's need.
Leaders communicate with the employees and about the situation of the company and
make the employees work according to the need of the company. The leaders
implement the strategies to make the changes in the operations of the company and
motivate the employees to improve the activities related to manufacturing of the cars at
low cost.
Situational leadership is the type of leadership where the skills of the employee are the
reason for the style of the leadership. The style of leadership can be the reason for the
situation which is facing by the company such as increase of the cost. When the
employees are not motivated in the right way then the company cannot be able to
compete in the competitive market and not able to reduce its cost ( RAO, 2013).
Contingency theory is the theory which focuses on the change of the situation and
changes the strategies according to it. The leaders play an important role to bring out
the changes in the operations to meet down with the challenges as they influence the
employees to do so. The managers of the company have found out the reason of the
increased cost of the production and have applied some theories to change in the
activities of the operations to bring down the high prices of the materials which are
received from the suppliers and changes.
The important role of the management is to sort out the issues by sharing the decision-
making process with the expertise and the employees are combined for the fulfillment of
the task. The object approach is the management which motivates the employees for
the achieving their task efficiently and effectively in the organization and can bring the
growth in the work. The increasing growth in the work of the employee can bring the
changes in the organization.
Conclusion
It has been told in this question about the leadership of the leaders which allow the
employees to achieve their targets in an effective manner. The style of the leadership
how he motivates the employee and let him works in effective and efficient manner.

M2 Access and evaluate the strength and weakness of different approaches to
situations within the work environment.
According to the situational leadership model, the leaders adopt different leadership
approaches according to the situations to motivate the employees. The leaders use the
styles but sometimes the style of motivating do not match which the situation and it is
not effective for the employee therefore not even for the organization. The factor which
can be taken out is to decide the style of leadership according to the situation which can
be effective and beneficial for both the employee and organization. Hence the
successful leaders are those who can adjust their leadership according to the situations.
In system leadership, the leaders motivate the employee according to the need of the
organization. But sometimes the style of motivating for the need of company cannot be
beneficial, as the employees don't think about the company and think about his own
task and aims. The leader is needed to motivate the employees in such a way that the
need of the company from their employee can be properly understood. So, the
employee works effectively for the organization. The leader is needed to change the
strategies according to the situation and should implement it according to the
achievement of the organization.
D1 Critically analyze and evaluate the different theories and approaches to
leadership using examples from your chosen organization
The theories and approaches in leadership provide the organization Jaguar plays
various impacts. These impacts can be positive and negative. Below are the positive
and negative points to explain in brief:
The theories of leadership help in motivating the employees whereas, on the other
hand, the approaches help in analyzing the needs and wants of the employees. The
leadership is being maintained by personality, knowledge, behaviours, and type of
followers. The negative effect of the leadership is that negative thoughts and politics in
the organization Jaguar lead to make influence wrongly and lead to the loss of the
organization at large scale.

LO3 Demonstrate an appreciation of the role leaders and managers play in the
operations function of an organization.
P4 Explain the key approaches to operations management and the role that
leaders and managers play.
Introduction
Operations management is the functional part of every organization whether it is
product based or service based organization. At Jaguar, the operation management is
taken a special care as it ill-functioning will hamper the whole organization to a great
extent. It is going to cover the different approaches which Jaguar uses for an effective
operational management. Prominently it uses TQM, just in time, continuous
improvement, six sigma. It is going to have a brief discussing the role of leaders and
managers in operation management. It is going to help in getting a crystal clear image
of operation management and how it is dealt in Jaguar.
(Figure: 2 operational management)
(Source: Imagekind, 2018)
Talking about the word ‘operation management' it can be said that it is the management
of all the operations in the organization in such a way that it helps in adding value to the
organization. In other words, it can be said that it is the administrative management of
all the business practices to create the greatest efficiency in the organization. From the

organizational point of view, it can be said that it is the effective management of all the
business activities which the organization is carrying on and managing them in an
effective manner.
At Jaguar, the operational management is done by using the following approaches:
 Total Quantity Management
 Just in time
 Continuous improvement
 Six Sigma
 Total Quantity Management
Quality can be said to be the defining status of the particular service or the
product. Quality helps in defining the price of the product and the service. Higher
the quality, higher would be its demand and its price. If the quality is inferior the
price would be low and of low prestige. At Jaguar, a number of products are
manufactured and sold to the customers. Quality management helps in
establishing a benchmark in the organization which in turn helps in long-term
customer loyalty and high customer satisfaction. Manufacturing of automobiles
needs a lot of quality management and it can be served by total quality
management technique only.
It is a step long process which involves a number of quality checks and
checkpoints through which the product has to pass. Any defect in the product will
result in loss of reputation and customer loyalty and trust.
(Figure: 3 Total quantity management)
(Source: Market Bertrand, 2014)

 Just in time
Just in time can be said as a management philosophy, which helps in eliminating
the wastage of time. It helps in eliminating those activities which are very time-
consuming in nature and are of low use for the organization. This concept helps
in identifying those activities which are time-consuming and helps in eliminating
that particular sort of activity. Just in time concept helps in the optimal utilization
of resources by helping in eliminating the unnecessary activities from the
organization.
At Jaguar, the advancement in technology helps in saving time and money. With
the help of JIT, Jaguar was able to identify the sloe manufacturing unit and with
its identification, the company was able to replace it with the advanced
technology.
(Figure: 4 Just in time)
(Source: bbcetc, 2018)
 Continuous improvement
With the advancement in technology and changing circumstances, everything
needs to be updated and modernized as per the need of the environment. To
adopt the changing situations, continuous learning is the best option. Continuous
learning or kaizen helps in regular updating of a people and helps in burdening
up the area of thinking. At Jaguar, the foundation of technology is done and
training and workshops are regularly organized for the employees.

(Figure: 5 continuous improvements)
(Source: kialta training, 2016)
 Six Sigma
Six Sigma is a quality attainment program which helps in attaining perfection in
the quality products. It is a data-driven approach that helps an organization in
attaining its goals. It helps in analyzing the data and its statistical representation.
It takes into consideration the data which is generated by the different
departments of the organization and then helps in analyzing the resultant
outcomes. At Jaguar, a systematic approach and collection of data are done to
use six sigma approaches.
(Figure 6: six sigma)
(Source: Grey campus, 2018)
Role of leaders in total quality management
The role of leaders is very necessary for ensuring total quantity management in Jaguar.
Leaders play a great role in ensuring the effective total quantity management. The role
of leaders in total quantity management is as follows:
 Motivate the trainees and employees to work efficiently.

 Ensure that there is no duplication and overlapping of work.
 Develop a healthy competitive environment in the organization.
 Work as a trainer and problem solver.
Role of managers in total quality management
The role of the managers is continuous and never-ending. People involved in
management roles have to put in continuous efforts for smoothly running of the
organization. The main role of managers in total quality management is as follows;
 Initiating and implementing total quality management program.
The manager must take the initiative to implement the total quality management
program in the organization.
 Action as a facilitator
He/she must provide proper guidance and facilitation to the employees to
understand the TQM and work accordingly.
 Action as an assistance provider.
Proper assistance must be provided to the other departments too so that they
can understand the use and benefit of the TQM for the organization as well as for
the individual. There must be proper convey of the message by the manager to
the employees so that they can develop an understanding of the TQM and can
adapt according to it.
 A resource handler
The manager has to work as a resource handler. He must ensure the optimal use
of the resources so that the cost can be minimized and the profit can be
maximized for the organization in the best possible manner.
 An optimizer
He must be aware and ready for the adversities which can affect the organization
at any point in time. There must be proper planning for the contingencies and
their solutions for the handling.
Conclusion
From the above points and discussion, it can be said and concluded that operation
management is the core area of an organization. There are several methods and
techniques which are used for effective operational management. The approaches are
effective for Jaguar as it is helping in eliminating the cost and maximizing the profit for
Jaguar.

Introduction
From the above-mentioned topic, a detailed discussion would be done on the
importance of operation management. Being a profit-making organization, here it is a
sincere attempt the core business objectives of Jaguar. It is going to cover the core
objectives of Jaguar as an organization which is profit maximization, growth, increased
sales, high customer satisfaction, and survival. For the attainment of the following
objectives, a link would be established between the operation management and the
attainment of business objectives.
P5 Explain the importance and value of operations management in achieving
business objectives.
Core business objectives of Jaguar
Every business organization carries its operation for the attainment of certain goals and
objectives. At Jaguar, the core business objectives are as follows:
(Figure 9: business objectives)
(Source: By Author)
 Survive
The prominent objective of every business is to survive in the market. It is the
foremost objective of Jaguar too. When the company was a newbie in the
market, everyone tries to survive in the market for the first three years. If the
company is able to survive for the first three years without any hurdle and the
next years would be smooth.
Survive Increased
sales
Profit
maximisation
Customer
satisfaction Growth

(Figure 10: survive)
(Source: By Author)
 Growth
After surviving all the scars of the business environment successfully, now the
business organization look forward to the growth opportunities. The emergence
and urge for the development help the organization to keep going. It is very
necessary as the existing markets can become saturated at any time and there is
always a need to explore new markets and opportunities.
 Increased sales
To earn the profit in business, one must increase the sales to the best possible
level. Increased sales help in profit maximization, minimized cost and operations
of scales.
(Figure12: Increased sales)
(Source: Author media, 2018)

 Profit maximization
When the cost is low and the sales to a marginal level in the business
organization, it helps in increasing profit for the organization and helps in
expanding the business.
(Figure 13: Profit maximization)
(Source: Business on the mind, 2018)
 Customer satisfaction
Increase in a number of satisfied customers helps in increased customer loyalty,
building a strong customer base and developing long-term relations. It further
helps the organization in capturing the market and increasing the market share.
(Figure 14: customer satisfaction)

(Source: National business research institute, 2018)
Functions of operation management
The reason for the immense popularity of operation management is the diverse
functions of operation management. The main functions are as follows:
1 Control and Distribution Systems
One of the most common functions of the operation management is effective
management of control and distribution systems. With the help of effective
control and management systems within the organization, the quality of the
products can be achieved and the quality goods and services can be further
delivered to the end users.
2 Transformation of raw material into finished goods/services
In every organization, the transformation of raw materials into semi-finished and
finished goods are done. The input is processed and transformed into the output
or the finished goods. It helps in serving the customers more effectively.
(Figure 15: Transformations of raw materials into finished goods)
(Source: By Author)
3 Process design
It the process in which the blueprint or the basic working structure of an activity in
an organization. At Jaguar, everything is well and pre-planned according to the
Input Process Output

activity. It can be said as mapping process too. The designing of the coursework
of an activity or a function is done by the experts of Jaguar.
4 Capacity management
Fuller utilization of the resources is the main purpose of the capacity
management. When the resources are utilization t its best level, it helps in cost
minimization and profit maximization.
5 Logistics and inventory management
Supply chain management is the part of logistics management. Inventory
management deals with maintain the adequate stock and inventory in the
business. The availability of raw materials required for manufacturing of the cars
and ensuring the proper path for delivery of products from the manufacturer to
the buyer comes under it.
(Figure 16: logistics management)
(Source: Elite management training institute, 2015)
6 Scheduling
It means planning ahead or planning in advance. Scheduling helps in eliminating
workloads and chunks of works which are left undone due to lack of time. It helps
in managing things on time.

(Figure:17 scheduling)
(Source: koozai, 2018)

M3 Evaluate how leaders and managers can improve the efficiencies of
operational management to successfully meet the business objectives of your
chosen organization.
The leaders and the managers help in managing the performance of the business by
using different approaches and strategies. The operational manager takes care towards
the activities going on in the workplace. It also helps in improving the efficiency of the
employees and working in the same direction. The leaders and managers help in
reducing the cost of the manufacturing and increasing the percentage of the profit.
Along with maintaining the quality the speed and time are also being taken care of the
leaders and managers. With the help of proper communication, objective and targets of
the organization Jaguar are being fulfilled.

LO4 Demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between leadership and
management in a contemporary business environment.
P6 Assess the factors within the business environment that impact upon
operational management and decision-making by leaders and managers.
There are two types of business environment present in the organization Jaguar. This
environment must be analyzed and evaluated properly so that decision can be made
effective. Below is the detailed description of this environment:
External environment: The external environment of the organization Jaguar includes
political, social, environmental, legal, technological and economic. This external
environment is also being analyzed so that the business does not experience loss or
failure. The different policies of the political parties and the current trends in the market
must be studied so that the changes in the internal environment can be made and profit
can be earned (RAO, 2013). The organization Jaguar has to take step related to the
technology so that best use of technology can reduce the cost of the product and
services and increase the production.
Internal environment: The internal environment includes strength, weakness, threats,
and opportunities of the business environment (RAO, 2013). The organization Jaguar
needs to evaluate its strength and weaknesses so that the opportunities can be grasped
and more space in the market can be captured by attracting new customers. The
weaknesses are to be overcome so that the opportunities do not miss away.

M4 Analyse how the relationship between leadership and management affects the
business environment and wider community of your chosen organization.
As discussed above the leaders and the manager are the back support of the
organization Jaguar. Their relationship affects the business environment by various
factors such as social, political, technological, legal etc. (RAO, 2013). The strategies are
being made after analyzing the current trends and policies. The competitor’s strategies
must be analyzed in a proper manner so that position in the market can be maintained
and profit can be earned. Furthermore, this relationship also targets to reduce the cost
of the manufactured product and services and along with retaining the customers for a
longer period of time.

D2 Critically evaluate the application of operations management in your chosen
organization and the factors that impact on the wider business environment.
The operational management has both positive and negative impact on the organization
Jaguar. When the leader and manager make any strategy or plan, they make sure that
it must be implemented properly. Methods are being evaluated and factors are being
analyzed so that the planning must be implemented carefully. The skill, knowledge, and
talent of the leaders and managers help in increasing the productivity and make the
environment safe and flexible for employees. The factors such as stakeholders,
shareholders, customers, trends, and policies etc. affects the business environment
(RAO, 2013).

Conclusion
From this report work, it can be concluded that operations management plays a great
role in deterring the success of Jaguar. It can be said that management functions play a
great role in deterring the efficiency and effectiveness of the operations. It is very
necessary to properly conduct the management functions. Also, leadership and
management are the two different domains of an organization. It can be said that the
leader and the manager have to wear different hats at different times and their field is
multidisciplinary. It can be concluded that the business operates in different types of
situations namely slow, fast and slow to moderate changing situation. It is better to
adopt the changes for the hassle free functioning of the organization. The different type
of situations of business hampers the operations to a great extent. It can be concluded
that sustainability, customer satisfaction, profit maximization, growth are the key
objectives of a business. Also, it can be said that with the help of sustainability and
sustainable growth, Jaguar can avoid the point of saturation.

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