University of the Potomac Assignment Report

Running head: TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENT
University of the Potomac
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENT
by
Utsav Ban
Sachin Kumar
For
COMP640 – Forecasting and Management Technology - Capstone Project
Paul Jaikaran, Ed.D. Advisor
April 2020

TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
Table of Contents
ACRONYMS..................................................................................................................................ii
CHAPTER 1....................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
The Problem.................................................................................................................................1
Research Question.......................................................................................................................2
Hypothesis...................................................................................................................................2
Purpose of the Study....................................................................................................................2
Significance of the Study.............................................................................................................3
Organization of the Study............................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2....................................................................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................5
CHAPTER 3..................................................................................................................................15
METHODOLOGY........................................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 4..................................................................................................................................19
FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS..............................................................................................19
Findings.....................................................................................................................................19
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................24
LIST OF REFERENCES.................................................................................................................1
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................11
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TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
ACRONYMS
Artificial Intelligence ----- (AI)
Electronic Learning ------- (e-learning)
Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
Experimental Group (EG)
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TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The Problem
The problem today is the overuse of technology as a result of which, the dependency of
technology has increased several folds in human life. According to the opinion of Raja and
Nagasubramani (2017), technology is a technical means that is used by the people in order to
improve their surroundings and, thus, help them to do work. All over the world, the classroom
has implemented various kinds of technology that have been able to grasp the attention and
increase the achievement level. As per the opinion of Goldin and Katz (2018), the potential of a
small calculator had been able to enhance the learning ability of students in mathematics as well
as saved time. The gain in cognitive ability in term of number, conceptual development and
visualization was able to empower and encourage the students to engage in critical learning
problem and solved them that was previously denied to all. Therefore, the calculator is stated to
be an essential tool for students. However, overuse of the same device leads to reluctance among
the students, thus, leading to solving simple problems and reduced usage of cognitive ability
(Cascio & Narayan, 2017). This, in recent times, has been found to have a serious implication on
the brain functioning of the children and teenagers studying in schools and colleges. Therefore,
several postsecondary educators view it as a distraction that includes the use of mobile phones
and social media. Thus, it is vital to understand both sides in order to form an opinion of it. From
time and over, it can be seen that technological developments are taken place that has a profound
impact on the lives of the people. The initial invention of the telephone has been replaced with
smartphones that are more user-friendly and accessible in nature. In the education sector, the
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TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
availability of information through internet platform has been increased, and the use of
technological applications such as Moodle, use of online learning and interaction session have
been promoted in order to increase the productivity of the student.
Research Question
The purpose of this research is to determine the change in technology and its effect on the
students. The research questions include:
 What is the use of technology in the education system?
 What are the changes that took place in technology over time?
 How do technological changes affect students?
Hypothesis
The hypothesis of the study includes:
H0: There is no change in technology that affect students.
HI: There is a positive change in technology that affects the students.
Purpose of the Study
The modern era of humans is referred to as the era of technology. McNaughton and Billot (2016)
Again, no Reference for this citation opined that technology plays an essential role in each
individual’s life and is one of the most robust foundations in the growth of the economy. An
economy with an underdeveloped economy is never able to grow as technology aids in making
the work much easier, timesaving and can be done with less effort. Thus, the impact of
technology can be seen in every sphere of life, even in education. The use of modern
technological developments helps in increasing learning and interactivity. The use of the internet
has revolutionized the entire digital world as it helps in gaining more information. However, it
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TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
can be seen that the positive aspects of technology can be overemphasized (Englund, Olofsson &
Price, 2017). Various aspects highlight the harmful effects of technology from physical to
psychological. In severe cases, there are reports of death due to the overuse of technology.
Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the change in technology that took place over
the years, and its effect on the lives of the students.
Significance of the Study
Technology is considered to be a gift of humankind and it has changed the way of living. It has
helped people in various ways as a result of which, people are in constant search of new and
innovative development (Hershbein & Kahn, 2018). From the time, since the first discovery of
technology is during the Stone Age and it had reached to genetic engineering and information
technology. The most affected sector of technology in education because it has given the
students the power to excel, support and transform students and to learn in a new dimension. It is
also considered to be a powerful tool for the teachers to create competent instructional material
that enables the pupils to learn and work in an integrated manner. The study will help in gaining
an in-depth exploration of the technological changes in the education system that helped the
students in innumerable ways.
The study will not only assess the technological aspects and its impact on the student, but it will
also try to evaluate the influence on education for assessing the importance of technology in this
sector. This will further enhance the ability of the student to effectively use advanced tools and
techniques that will further enhance the prospect of research and development. This, in turn, will
benefit the nation as a whole. The education technology includes hardware, software, and the
education theoretic that help in facilitating the learning process and enhancing the performance
with the aid of creating, utilizing as well as management of the processes and resources related to
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TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
technology (Tondeur et al., 2017). On having a closer look at the developing technology and its
role in the education field, it can be seen that it help in shaping the future of the education
system. With the influx of new learning processes and models, traditional models are evolving.
This created a philosophical shift of the teaching practices and remodeling of the classroom;
thus, increase the competent level of each of the students irrespective of the intelligence quotient
(IQ) level. The most prominent impact of technological change on the student is the
accommodating learning style of the student based on the individual needs; thus, personalizing
the education system. Therefore, it is important to gain knowledge about the changes in
processes and practices related to technology in order to acknowledge its implication of the
education system and particularly on the students.
Organization of the Study
Figure 1: Structure of the Research Project
Source: (Created by the researcher)
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TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON STUDENTS
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
Technology is stated to be a boom in human life and it is the civilizations of science and arts. It
had changed the way of human lives in certain ways. It affects various facets of life and, thus,
redefines the way of living. On an undoubted note, technology is stated to play a role in each
sphere of life. It helps in automating several tasks that are conducted manually due to
technology. It is useful in carrying complex and critical processes that can be done with ease and
efficiency that revolutionized the sphere of education. As per the opinion of Bashir, Mahmood &
Shafique (2016), the application of technology has changed everything around and its
implication in the school setting cannot be ignored. The onset of computers in the educational
field made it easier for the teacher to render lesion and the students in acquiring it. According to
Godbole (2020), students in modern times prefer to use technology in their learning because they
have found it to be more productive and more comfortable than the traditional way of learning.
The use of modern equipment and techniques has increased the ability to interact and learn in a
collaborative manner. It opened an avenue of interesting facts to the students other than learning
their syllabus, making it more stimulating and thought to provoke in nature. This makes the
transfer of knowledge easier, convenient, and effective in nature. In another study, it was found
that the stimulating effect of the technology enables the brain to work much fasters help in
simultaneously working in various tasks at a time. On the other hand, Dufour et al. (2016) opined
that overdependence and reliance on the technological aspects of learning by the students are
unavoidable in schools, colleges, and universities. One of the most predominant technological
change is the development of the internet. As per the opinion of Nazim & Islam (2020), the use
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