The Effects and Management of Urban Migration

This assignment explores the phenomenon of urban migration, its causes, and its effects on both rural and urban communities. It identifies the growing trend of urban migration due to factors such as poverty, lack of employment opportunities in rural areas, and the desire for better living conditions in cities. The essay also discusses the negative impacts of urban migration, including increased competition for resources, strain on urban infrastructure, and potential conflicts between migrants and local populations. Recommended steps for managing urban migration include enhancing skills and employability among rural residents, improving access to education and job opportunities in rural areas, and promoting holistic solutions that address the needs of both urban and rural communities.

Running head: URBAN MIGRATION
Urban migration
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

1URBAN MIGRATION
In the recent time, one of the major and notable trends identified is the urbanization and
mass migration of the rural people to the cities and towns. This trend is increasing at more rapid
rate in the recent time. However, it should also be noted that urban migration of the rural people
will have more negative impact than the positive impacts (De Brauw, Mueller and Lee 2014).
Thus, the long term impact of the urban migration will be negative both for the rural areas and
urban areas. This report will discuss about the reasons of the rapid growth in the urban migration
in the recent time. This is important to identify due to the reason that without identifying the core
reasons of the urban migration, recommendations cannot be provided. This essay will also
discuss about the impact of the urbanization along with the potential solutions to overcome these
issues.
The core reason of urban migration is the opportunity of earning more money in the
urban areas compared to the rural regions. This is due to the reason that urban areas including
metro cities and towns are the hub of the business organizations. These organizations are having
the need of different level of employees including both the skilled and unskilled labor. However,
urban population is having majorly the skilled employees. Therefore, people from the rural areas
migrate to the cities in order to fill this gap (Buch et al. 2014). In addition, in majority of the
cases it is seen that the earnings from being the unskilled employees are more compared to the
rural earnings. Thus, with the expectation of more earnings and income, more rural people are
migrating towards the urban areas.
Another reason is enhanced lifestyle in the urban areas. This is well known that standard
of lifestyle is different between the urban and rural areas. Rural people also migrate towards the
urban areas due to have the access to enhanced lifestyle. In addition, as discussed in the earlier
section, increase in the earnings of the rural people in the urban cities will further enhance their

2URBAN MIGRATION
quality of life (Tacoli, McGranahan and satterthwaite 2015). Staying in the urban areas will help
the rural people to have the easy access to the cheaper food and shelter along with quality health
and education. All these factors are motivating the rural people to migrate towards the urban
areas in search of the enhanced lifestyle.
In many cases, there are various instances, where rural people come to urban areas for
work and goes back to their home at the end of the day. But in some cases, the distance between
the rural and urban regions is much and it is not possible to commute on the daily basis. In these
cases, rural people tend to stay back in their place of work. This is leading to the mass migration
of the rural people to the urban areas. Education quality and sources are increasing in the rural
sector also. This is leading to the access of quality education of the rural younger generation.
Thus, qualified younger generation is less interested to continue with the agricultural work in
their rural land. On the other hand, these qualified generations are looking for jobs and higher
education to pursue (Li et al. 2013). This is leading to the migration of them to the urban areas
due to the reason that only the urban cities and towns are having the facilities to the higher
education and diverse jobs.
In the major developing economies, another key reason for migration of the rural people
is the family tradition. For instance, someone from a particular rural family migrated to the urban
city and got settled there. Afterwards, it becomes the trend of that particular family to migrate to
the cities whether it is necessary or not. Thus, this family trend is also leading to the increase in
the number of the rural population in the urban areas. It should also to be noted that there are
different job opportunities in the urban areas, which are still attracting huge number of rural
population. One of the key impacts of urban migration is the inadequate supply of the labor for
the agricultural process. This is due to the reason that economy of the rural areas mainly depends

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on the agricultural activities and lack of enough man power will limit the development of the
agriculture (Ajaero and Onokala 2013). However, this will not only have negative impact on the
rural economy but also on the urban areas due to the reason that the food supply of the urban
areas comes from the rural areas. Thus, this phenomenon will have negative impact on both the
urban and rural economy.
Another impact of the urban migration will be the increase in the average cost of the
commodities in the cities and towns (Chen et al. 2014). This is due to the reason that, with the
increase in the inflow of the rural population, the demand for every commodity will get
increased, which will in turn increase the price. Thus, both the urban population as well as the
migrated rural population will have to pay more for their daily livings. Increase in the price will
also include housing and land (Plantinga et al. 2013). This is due to the fact that with the inflow
of the rural population, the demand for housing for shelter will also get increased. Cultural clash
will get emerged with the migration of the rural population in the urban economy. This is due to
the reason that the cultural and social differences will be there between the urban and rural
population and some sections will find unacceptability in the society. This will lead to the clash
between the two cultures and will lead to larger social issues.
Social duties of the authorities will break down due to the reason that governmental
responsibilities are being designed in accordance to the number and size of fixed and residential
population of the particular area. However, with the uncontrolled inflow of the rural population,
the entire system will break down and the common people will be deprived from the basic
facilities. This will also lead migrated rural population to live in unhygienic condition, which
will further increase the chance of diseases and epidemic. This will cause serious health issues
for the entire population in the particular area. Rate of employment will also get down in the

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urban areas. This is due to the fact that urban areas are having good opportunities of jobs but
those are not unlimited in nature. Thus, after a certain point of time, migrated population will not
get any jobs. This will also lead to the increase in the rate of unemployment among the urban
population due to the reason that the demand for jobs will get increased (De Brauw and Giles
2018). Hence, the rate of unemployment for the entire society will get increased, which will in
turn reduce the economy.
There are various solutions available to reduce the flow of the migration of the rural
population as well as preventing the negative impact of the urban migration. However, it should
also be noted that all the related stakeholders including the government are having the
responsibility to prevent this phenomenon. The following sections will discuss about the various
solutions available.
As discussed earlier, one of the major portions of the rural population migrate to the
urban areas in order to have the access to the quality education, health and infrastructure. Thus, it
is the responsibility of the government to look after the welfare of the rural areas and providing
them all the modern day necessities similar to the urban areas. Having all the facilities in the
rural areas will develop the economy on one hand and will prevent the flow of the migration on
the other. Another responsibility of the government is to have investment in the rural economy
also. This will be much easier to implement due to the reason that rural areas are having
abundance of land for the industrial use. The need of having transportation infrastructure should
be met by the government. Investment in the rural areas will help to generate the rate of
employment from the surrounding area itself and will also help in developing the rural economy
(Da Roit and Weicht 2013). Thus, the more will be the job opportunity in the rural areas, the less
will be the probability of the rural population to come to the cities.

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Another effective solution to reduce the negative impact of the migration of the rural
population is the providence of vocational training and skills development program by the
government (Zimmermann et al. 2013). This will have multiple benefits. One of the key benefits
will be the conversion of the unskilled rural man power to the skilled ones. Thus, having the
skills will help the rural people to gain diverse job opportunities and they will have stable future.
Another benefit will be sending the skilled man power to different locations for jobs. Thus, the
number of the migrated population will not get segregated in one place. From the side of the
urban population, it is also important to feel the need of the migrating people. They should be
sympathetic towards the rural population rather treating them as competitors. This will reduce
the probability of the clash between the two social groups and will help in sustainable
development of the entire economy. It is also the responsibility of the urban population to
enhance the skills of the rural people in order to make them eligible to do something rather than
just staying in the cities.
Thus, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that migration of the rural people
can never get prevented entirely and this will increase in the coming time due to the huge
increase in the global population. Some of the reasons of growing trend of the urban migration
are being discussed in this essay. In addition, few negative impacts of this trend are also being
discussed in this essay and it is being concluded that urban migration will have negative impact
for both the urban and rural communities in the long run. In accordance to the identified impacts,
there are some recommended steps also being discussed in this essay. These recommended steps
may not stop the trend of urban migration, but it can help in preventing or reducing the intensity
of the trend. Responsibilities of both the government and the common people are being discussed
in this essay, which will help in having holistic solution to the issue.

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Reference
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