Utilization of Information Technology in Healthcare Systems

This presentation discusses the organizational attributes of chief information officer (CIO) and chief technology officer (CTO), new technologies that healthcare systems exploit, processes employed to avoid information misuse, policy for healthcare associations to educate service providers in efficient IT integration. In conclusion, we discuss the contributions of CIO and CTO in planning an effective IT strategy for healthcare organizations. The presentation also covers the electronic medical record, e-prescribing, methods of protecting patient’s data, process-based training, and IT steering committee.

Course title
_________________
Presented by Professor’s name
Salima Hemani

Organized utilization of information technology (IT)
enhancing the efficacy of healthcare system while keeping the
privacy of patient's information. The aim of this work is to
discuss the organizational attributes of chief information
officer (CIO) and chief technology officer (CTO), new
technologies that healthcare systems exploits, processes
employed to avoid information misuse, policy for healthcare
associations to educate service providers in efficient IT
integration. In conclusion, we discuss the contributions of
CIO and CTO in planning an effective IT strategy for
healthcare organizations. We also discuss the electronic
medical record, e-prescribing, methods of protecting patient’s
data, process-based training and IT steering committee.
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Executive summary

Introduction
Healthcare workers must assess the
efficiency of IT frameworks to ensure
effective healthcare services.
IT may provide an upper hand if used
in healthcare processes.
Healthcare associations should utilize
IT systems to sustain the care processes
in providing superior services.
IT in healthcare must maintain the
confidentiality of data to prevent the
misuse of patient’s information. Here, we
aim to:
Examine the impact technologies have
on health care information systems.
Describe the basic components of a
strategic information system plan.
Describe the major types and
classifications of health care
information standards and the
specific organizations that develop
and regulate these standards.
 Discuss the need for, and identify
methods of, accomplishing the
security of information systems.
 Evaluate the impact of strategic
information system plans on
organizational competitiveness and
performance.
 Use technology and information
resources to research issues in health
information systems.
 Write clearly and concisely about
health information systems using
proper writing mechanics.
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Impact of information technologies on
healthcare information systems (HIS)
Technological advancements in the
healthcare sector have saved numerous lives
and enhanced the quality of life. Technology
has changed the experiences of patients and
their families, and had enormous influence
on healthcare processes. Here are some
technological advancements that has
influenced the healthcare system:
Digitalization of health records - The use
of electronic health records (EHR) has
changed the work of allied healthcare
professionals. Some of the benefits of EHR
include:
Enhanced care of patients – EHR can
alert the physician regarding potential issues,
like allergic reaction or drug intolerances.
EHR can helping in accessing patient’s
medical history by physicians in any health
care facility.
Better public health - EHR offers
patient’s data to clinical investigators,
which improves medical data and the
improvement of novel treatments for
common healthcare issues. Moreover,
it can help to quickly identify control
serious infections.
Ease of workflow – EHR has made
access and procurement of patient’s
data quite easy and the chance of error
in patient data is also reduced.
Lower healthcare costs – A shift
from paper data to EHR has also
reduced the cost of patient care.
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Basic components of a strategic information
system plan (SISP)
The purpose of SISP aims to develop
the HIS, so as to improve healthcare
services. It establishes its framework to
provide a better situation to achieve
healthcare goals.
A SISP should cover the hospital
strategies, the resultant management
plans, the existing state of HIS, and an
evaluation on how far the present
information system suits to the policies.
The intended design must be derived as a
deduction of this evaluation.
SISP also need to deal with resources
required to comprehend the intended
design, and need to comprise a policy for
process of HIS and an account of
continuing executive organizations. These
resources should correspond to the archi-
-tecture & vice versa.
The general framework of SISP for
management of information in hospitals
can be summed up as:
Strategic objectives of hospital and of
information management.
Detailed account of the present situation
of the HIS.
Evaluation of the present situation of the
HIS.
Detailed account of the organised state of
the HIS.
Route from the present to the intended
state.
It is merely a fundamental construct
that may be accustomed to the particular
demands of individual healthcare facility
(Upadhya, Opoku-Agyman, McCaughey,
& Burke, 2017).
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Technical standards are necessary to
improve the healthcare services. For HIS
to decrease medical faults and danger to
patient’s wellbeing, increase access to
healthcare records, and encourage
innovations in individualized care, its
tools need to adhere to specific standards.
A number of healthcare information
standards exist to compel the
interoperability of electronic healthcare
data. These standards can be grouped into
4 classes:
Content standards
Transport standards
Terminology standards
Privacy & security standards
During mid-1980s, various standard
developing organizations (SDOs)
have established to formulate these
standards. Frequently these SDOs
form due to an acuity that a fresh
requirement is not fulfilled by an
active organization.
The consequence is a number of
SDOs, which risks causing industry
perplexity over adoption of
standards rather than increasing
interoperability among incongruent
communities.
Besides the SDOs, every country
may have its standards organization
(like ANSI in USA, BSI in UK,
AFNOR in France and DIN in
Germany).
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Types of healthcare information standards &
organizations that develop & regulate them

Need for & identify methods of accomplishing
the security of information systems
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There are numerous ways to ensure
that patient’s information isn’t misused
and their privacy is maintained.
The patient’s privacy is concerned
with the security in the healthcare
organization.
Either intended or unintended, the
publicizing of patient’s health data,
which can employed to recognize the
patient, is considered as misuse of
healthcare information systems.
Security system of the healthcare
organization must protect IT properties
and patient’s data.
Methods of protecting data
include:
Data encryption - It ascertains
protection of data transferred via a
network to different healthcare
organizations from hackers.
Consequently, the data is secure
despite being transmitted over a
network.
Password protection - It involve
the use of User ID/ PIN number,
where they are kept in a database
searches for a match. The right
combination of user Id & password
allows access into the systems.

Impact of SISP on organizational
competitiveness and performance
SISP support &/or formulate a
business organization’s competitive
policy and improve performance.
Any type of information system that
alter the objectives, products, processes
or environmental associations to aid an
organization get a competitive gain or
decrease a competitive shortcoming.
An important attribute in making a
competitive gain is to procure
information on the activities of the
competitors.
Different business organizations
observe the activities of their
competitors.
These activities motivate the
performance of business by:
 Increasing knowledge of the
market.
 Improving intrinsic associations
 Increasing the quality of services
offered.
 The internet is one of the
important tool in improving &
supporting competitive intelligence
and performance
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Use of technology and information resources
to research issues in HIS
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HIS stoutly effect the quality and
effectiveness of the healthcare, and
technical advancements present
advanced prospects to sustain
healthcare.
HIS can be considered as memory
and nervous structure of the hospital.
The information and communication
technique has become significant
economically and crucial for the quality
of healthcare. It will keep on to altering
the healthcare. Information processing
is a chief quality and cost factor. It is
also becoming a productivity attribute
and it should present a holistic outlook
of the patient and the hospital.
The incorporated processing of the
information is crucial as:
 Each group of people and each hospital
area rely on its quality
 Amount of data processing in the
hospitals is substantial, &
 The healthcare workers often work
with the same information
The systematic information
processing adds to superior patient care,
with low costs.
The processing of information in the
hospitals is intricate and thus we need the
organized management and operation of
HIS, and health information experts
accountable for managing and operating
the HIS.

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Since the healthcare markets are
currently financially edgy, the
medical innovations are viewed as
luxury.
So, there is a demand to develop new
technologies to be utilized by the
healthcare systems to improve their
services.
Technologies which must be utilized
by the healthcare systems:
 Electronic Medical Record (HER)
beside Health Information Exchange
(HIE) with e-prescribing, &
 Implementing Therapeutic
Consultation Program
HIE
Primary care
physician [HER]
Hospital [HER]
Specialty physician
[HER]
Local health deptt.
[HER]
Community health
centre [HER]
Health information systems (HIS)

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Therapeutic Consultation Program,
includes drug utilization reviews
(DUR) which helps in cost
reduction via offering a better
outcome to clients with severe
ailments.
It ensures that patients are
consuming the prescribed
medication.
It will lower patient’s hospital visit
due to unproductive prescriptions
or interactions.
It employs history of drug claims,
which identify the patients who
don’t adhere to therapy.
 HER and HIE with e-prescribing
can reduce cost, and provide
security via patient safety
monitoring.
 EHRs include electronically
accessible patient’s medical
history.
 HIE permits sharing of patient’s
electronic health data among
caregivers which help in providing
better care.
 E-prescribing encourages
prescription fulfilling at all times &
removes chances of prescription
errors (Wager, Lee & Glaser,
2017).
Health information systems (HIS)

References
 Upadhyay, S., Opoku-Agyeman, W., McCaughey, D., & Burke, D. E.
(2017). The associations between organizational characteristics and
strategic information systems planning: A study of US hospitals.
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 13(36).
 Wager, K. A., Lee, F, W., & Glaser, J. P. (2017). Health care
information systems: a practical approach for health care
management. John Wiley & Sons.
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