Psychological Theories on Lifespan Development
Added on -2020-07-22
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Various psychological theories are present that describes about thelifespan developmentErikson vs Freud: These are two names that cannot be miss while discussing aboutpsychology. Sigmund Freud is known as the father of psychology. Freud focuses onthe importance of feeding whereas Erikson was more concerned with how a respondent caretaker are to a child's requirement. The Freud's stages of psychosexual development Birth to 1 year: He called this the oral stage. At this stage of development, main source of pleasure of a child is through the mouth via eating, tasting and sucking. The problems occurred in this stage is known as oral fixation. 1 to 3 years: This known as anal stage of development. In this stage, child receivessense of mastery and competence by controlling movements of bladder and bower.One who achieve success at this stage of life can effectively develops a sense ofproductivity and capability. 3 to 6 years: This is coined as phallic stage. In this time period, children startidentifying their same sex parents. Here boy child experiences Oedipus complexwhereas girl child experiences the Electra Complex.Relation of psychological theories with the particular life stagesBehavioral theory: This concept is the study of alterations in behavior of human and the reason for it which are the outer factors. When the factors close to an individual change, for example if a kid is ill-treated by his generators, then it would directly influence on his health aspects and his nature socially. This would develop a feeling of anger and frustration in his mind and as a result, he become anti- social. It also impacts on his health as he will be stressed most of the times. This may lead to manifestation of several physical ailments in him. Cognitive theory:This a branch of psychology for knowing the human behaviors and examining thought processes. It turns around how an individual get information, the way he keeps it, then the ways and orientation with which that data is processed by the person. For example, two best friends have not seenone another for a long time, one day one of them look his friend and says hi to him, but other one do not respond because he did not notice him and hear his voice. Thus, the first friend would think his friend his angry. Then there generate a negative felling in first one and he got angry with other. As a result, distances might come between them. This was due to information engrossed by first one, his reaction to it and thinks or processes it in his own terms. Understand theories of lifespan development
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