Visitor Attraction Management: Understanding the Scope, Importance, and Impacts

This report delves into the multifaceted world of visitor attraction management, exploring its significance within the travel and tourism industry. It examines the diverse types of attractions, their overlaps, and the importance of each category. The report further analyzes the needs and motivations of various visitor types, evaluating the impacts of tourism on attractions, both positive and negative. It also delves into the application of management techniques and their impact on sustainability, highlighting strategies for responsible tourism and smart consumer engagement. By understanding the complexities of visitor attraction management, tourism businesses can effectively attract visitors, enhance their experiences, and contribute to the sustainable development of destinations.

VISITOR ATTRACTION MANAGEMENT
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1 - Understand the scope and importance of visitor attractions..............................................4
1.1 Discuss the overlap of visitor attractions in relation to particular types of attraction...............4
1.2 Analyze the importance of different visitor attractions.............................................................6
Task 2 - Understand visitor types, impacts and tourist motivation theories....................................8
2.1 Evaluate the needs and motivations of different visitor types...................................................8
2.2 Evaluate impacts of tourism on visitor attractions....................................................................9
2.3 Analyse the effect of different theories of tourist motivation on the management of visitor
attractions.......................................................................................................................................10
Task 3 - Understand issues affecting the development process in visitor attraction management11
3.1 Discuss processes and potential issues involved in the development of visitor attractions....11
Task 4 - Understand the application of management techniques and their impact on
sustainability..................................................................................................................................14
4.1 Analyse different visitor management strategies.....................................................................14
4.2 Evaluate management techniques in relation to sustainability................................................15
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................17
Reference list.................................................................................................................................18
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Introduction
During the past decade, the travel and tourism industry has been one of the most rapidly growing
industries in the world. Tourists are now able to travel from one country to another country
without any hassle with the help of tour operators and various tourism companies that are
growing day by day at several tourist destinations around the globe. However, it is important for
every tour operator or every tourism company to focus on the management of visitor attraction.
One of the main factors that influences on the effectiveness and success of a tourism business is
the management of visitor attractions.
This report discusses about visitor attraction management. It discusses about factors and details
that highlights the development, management and nature of visitor attractions. It will be
highlighting the range as well as the significance of visitor attractions within the industry of
travel and tourism along with exploring the process of development establishment of new visitor
attractions. The report further moves on to exploring the various kinds of visitors, their different
impacts and the various theories for tourist motivation that acts as an aid for visitor attraction
management. It will also be investigating the different types of issues in management of visitor
attraction.
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Task 1 - Understand the scope and importance of visitor attractions
1.1 Discuss the overlap of visitor attractions in relation to particular types of attraction
Tourist attractions can be referred to as the
places of interest, which are visited by
tourists, usually for their respective
exhibited or inherent cultural or natural
value, built or natural beauty, historical
importance, adventure, amusement and
leisure offerings (Wang et al., 2016). The
tourist attractions in a destination are the
main reason or factor on which the volume
of tourists visiting the destination depends.
Every visitor has their own choice of
attraction and visits the destinations that
satisfy all their attractions. There are four
main types in which visitor attractions can
be categorized or classified.
However, these types of visitor attractions
are mostly face various kinds of overlaps
(Veal, 2017). This means that various types
of visitor attractions cover a part of the
similar area of interest or responsibility. The
knowledge on overlap of visitor attractions,
especially with reference to England, has
been developed while working as a Junior
Tourism Consultant for the company Visit
Britain. The overlap of visitor attractions in
relation with specific type of attractions can
be understood from the following discussion
-
 Natural attractions - Natural
attractions can be referred to as the
attractions that have been created by
the nature itself (Pyke, 2016).
Natural attractions comprises of
waterfalls, seashores, caves and other
areas of scenic view, which have not
created by the man. For example, the
Lake District in UK is one of the
major natural attractions for tourists
visiting the country. However, when
this lake was formed, it was not
formed as a visitor attraction. The
Lake District now provides facilities
for tourists such as boating, which
are of major tourist attractions in
addition to enjoying the scenic
beauty of the lake. This is an
example of overlap of visitor
attractions in natural attractions.
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 Heritage attractions - Heritage
attractions can be referred to as the
attractions, which have been formed
a long time ago and have now
become historical (Buckley, 2018).
There are a huge number of heritage
attractions in UK, such as canals,
battlefields, railways, etc. and are in
place so that people are able to
appreciate the past. For example,
located in the Wiltshire area of UK,
the Stone Hedge is one of the most
popular heritage attractions in UK
owned by the English Heritage. It
was built by a culture, which has left
no records but now serves as a major
tourist attraction. This is yet another
example of overlapping visitor
attraction.
 Purpose built attractions - Purpose
built attractions are the attractions,
which have been purposely built for
attracting tourists into the area
(Bakiewicz et al., 2017). These
attractions are built on purpose of
making the tours of people enjoyable
and fun. For example, the Tower of
London, the Alton Towers, the
Blackpool Pleasure Beach and the
Buckingham Palace are purpose built
attractions in UK. However, these
attractions are often used for holding
various events such as hosting
conferences, award functions, etc.,
thereby indicating overlap of visitor
attraction.
 Events - Events are another visitor
attraction, which brings in a huge
number of tourists to an area (Stoian
and Muresan, 2016). There are
various areas in a country where
different types of events are held.
For example, the English Country
House is a manmade structure that
had not been built for tourist
attraction. However, the country
house is mostly used for art
exhibitions and for hosting festivals
or conferences almost on a regular
basis, which is of major visitor
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attractions, thereby indicating
overlap of visitor attraction.
1.2 Analyze the importance of different visitor attractions
The significance of different types of visitor
attractions is remarkable in every tourist
destination. The availability or presence of
different types of visitor attractions is the
factor that influences the popularity of the
destination and the number of tourists
visiting the destination (Ahn et al., 2016).
The availability of different types of visitor
attractions in a tourist destination also
influences the revenue generated from
tourism in that destination. Thus, it is
important to consider and manage different
types of visitor attractions in a tourist
destination. The following points indicate
the importance of different types of visitor
attractions in a tourist destination -
 Revitalization of an area - There are
several natural areas or manmade
structures in a tourist destination,
which start being destroyed due to no
maintenance (Ram et al., 2016).
Visitor attractions do not only help in
the maintenance of these attractions
but also help in imbuing the
attractions with a new vitality. An
area gains a new use and is
revitalized due to visitor attractions
in that area. For example, the
Buckingham Palace and the English
Country House in England are two
visitor attractions that have been
revitalized due to attraction of
visitors.
 Attraction of new businesses to a
destination - Another major point
that shows the importance of
different visitor attractions is that
visitor attractions lead to attraction
of a wide number of new businesses
to a tourist destination (Connell et
al., 2015). For example, the Victoria
and Albert Museum, the British
Museum, etc. are visitor attractions
that attract businesses as well. For
example, new tourism businesses are
growing in London due to these
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visitor attractions. Similarly, various
event management businesses are
growing in London for holding
events in these visitor attractions,
etc.
 Generation of employment -
Another importance of visitor
attractions is the generation of
employment (Altinay et al., 2016).
This is because in order to visit these
visitor attractions, tourists often rely
on tour operators or guides, with the
help of whom they are able to gain
better knowledge on the places they
are visiting and have a better
experience, which in turn generates
employment. At the same time, the
various events, exhibitions, etc. held
in different visitor attractions also
generate employment in the area. For
example, the Tower of London, the
Piccadilly Square, the Trafalgar
Square, etc. are the visitor attractions
in London that end up generating
huge levels of employment in
London.
 Generation of revenues - In addition
to the generation of employment,
visitor attractions play a vital role in
the generation of revenues as well
(Incera and Fernandez, 2015).
Visitor attractions generate revenues
for the various tour operators of a
tourist destination and the
government of the tourist
destination. For example, visitors
pay a fixed sum of money to tour
operators, leading of generation of
revenues for tour operators, which in
turn goes to the government of the
destination in the form of taxes. For
example, there are a large number of
visitor attractions in England, which
generate revenues for the country’s
economy.
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Task 2 - Understand visitor types, impacts and tourist motivation theories
2.1 Evaluate the needs and motivations of different visitor types
It is important for every tourism business to evaluate and realize the requirements and
motivations of various types of visitors. Visitor attractions in a tourist destination also depend on
the requirements and the motivations of the tourists visiting those destinations (Bond et al.,
2015). The following are the various needs and motivation of various types of visitors -
 Incentive tourists - There are a percentage of tourists who are lucky enough to get
holiday packages as rewards from their companies of their good work and achievement
of targets that had been set by the companies. For example, various people get tour
packages of visiting London as their incentive.
 Health or medical tourists - Medical tourists are the ones who travel from one
destination to another for seeking medical treatment. For example, the London Bridge
Hospital, the Royal London Hospital, etc. are famous for their medical treatment and
people from various parts of the world visit London for medical treatment.
 Business tourists - The people travelling from one place to other for business purposes
are called business tourists. For example, UK is a hub for business and there are several
multinational corporations in the country such as Tesco, Marks and Spencer, HSBC, etc.,
due to which tourists from several parts of the globe travel to UK for business purpose.
 Education tourists - People also travel to a destination for education purposes. For
example, UK is a center of education and contains various renowned universities and
colleges along with various historical places and monuments, due to which education
tourists in UK are also high in number.
 Adventure tourists - Tourists looking for bizarre or unusual experiences are called
adventure tourists. For example, adventure tourists frequently visit UK as Scotland is a
major attraction for adventure tourists.
 Leisure tourists - A large number of tourists travel in search of comfort, rejuvenation,
revitalization, and a break from their daily lives. These people are called leisure tourists.
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The various beaches in UK, such as Brighton, Newquay, Chesil Beach, Bournemouth,
etc. are great attractions for leisure tourists.
2.2 Evaluate impacts of tourism on visitor attractions
Tourism often ends up having huge impacts on visitor attractions. There are several negative and
positive impacts of tourism, which affect visitor attractions. The impacts of tourism over visitor
attractions is as follows -
 Environmental impacts - There are both negative and positive impacts on the
environment due to tourism (Dokulil, 2014). For example, the positive impacts of tourism
on environment that helps in improving visitor attractions are infrastructure
improvement, increase in environmental awareness among locals and tourists and
conservation and enhancement of natural areas. However, negative factors such as waste
disposal, water overuse and shortage, damage to nature and pollution often reduce visitor
attractions of a tourist destination. For example, increase in pollution in UK will damage
the tourist attraction spots in the country, thereby lowering visitor attraction.
 Social and cultural impacts - Similar to environmental impacts, there are several cultural
and social impacts as well (Garcia et al., 2015). For example, the positive socio-cultural
impacts, such as cross culture exchange, improvement of quality of life, conservation of
cultural heritage, etc. is of great visitor attractions. However, congestion, overcrowding,
commercialization of heritage and culture, loss of authenticity, increase in crime, etc.
have negative impacts on visitor attractions as well. For example, in case of loss of
authenticity or commercialization of culture in UK, the visitor attractions in UK will be
decreasing.
 Economic impacts - The positive economic impacts of tourism are rise in income,
generation of employment, increasing government revenues and taxes, increase in foreign
exchange, etc., which do not have negative impacts on visitor attraction (Mason, 2015).
However, there are several negative impacts of tourism as well, such as overdependence,
leakage and inflation, which influence visitor attractions. For example, in case of
inflation in UK, the attraction of visitors towards the country will reduce, as they have to
spend more due to inflation.
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2.3 Analyse the effect of different theories of tourist motivation on the management of
visitor attractions
There is a wide range of theories related to tourist motivation and each theory has its own impact
over the management of visitor attractions. The following are the two main theories of
motivating tourists and their respective impacts on visitor attraction management -
 Responsible tourism - The responsible tourism refers to the type of tourism in which
tourism operations are conducted and consumed in a much responsible manner (Caruana
et al., 2014). This theory of tourist motivation focuses of minimizing the negative
economic, environmental and social impacts of tourism. However, this theory of tourism
has considerable impacts on visitor attractions management. For example, visitor
attraction management becomes easier in a destination, as responsible tourism leads to
the sustainability and preservation of visitor attractions such as natural areas, manmade
structures, natural resources, etc.
 Smart consumer theory - The smart consumer theory refers to the theory of tourist
motivation, which describes and focuses over the increase in the reliance of tourist
destinations, the industries in the destination, and the tourists of the destination on the
different forms of ICT, which allow the transformation of massive volume of data into
value propositions (Gretzel et al., 2015). For example, in order to attract tourists to
visitor attractions in UK such as the Greenwich Park, British Museum, National
Maritime Museum, etc., the smart consumer theory is important to be adopted, as smart
customers are always keen towards visiting destinations that follow the smart consumer
theory. The use of smart consumer theory acts as a motivation for various tourists.

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Task 3 - Understand issues affecting the development process in visitor attraction
management
3.1 Discuss processes and potential issues involved in the development of visitor attractions
As per the given case scenario, the London Resort Company Holdings Limited is planning to
establish a theme park “The London Resort”. However, establishing a theme part is not one-day
activity. The organization needs to follow a systematic process for completing the project
successfully. The process that is required to be followed for developing the project of The London
Resort to attract more visitors is stated below:
 Step 1: The first step in the development process will be performing a feasibility study. In
order to perform the feasibility study, the managers need to analyze the project from
different perspectives like, demand, financial feasibility, resource requirements and
capacity and availability of resources (Jensen et al., 2017). After identifying positive
result in this step, the next step will be started.
 Step 2: The second step is designing the project and developing a concrete plan so that
the theme park can attract more visitors. The design and plan for the project must be
realistic and it must be done considering the demand and choice of the visitors.
 Step 3: In the third step, the management of London Resort Company Holdings Limited
needs to inform the local community about this project and needs to approach the people in
the local community to take part in the project. This will help the company performing better
stakeholder management and if the local people get involved in the project, it will be easier
for the company to make the project more successful (Milman and Zehrer, 2017).
 Step 4: In the 4th step, the management will be required to gather required resources like,
human resource, financial resource and other resources for starting the project. At this step,
the company will require recruiting skilled and knowledgeable people for the project (Jensen
et al., 2017).
 Step 5: The fifth step will be execution of the plan. In this step, the theme park will be
constructed by using the plan and design that have been developed in step 2.
 Step 6: After constructing the theme park, the management of the company will require
performing crowd management. At this step, the management will require developing
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efficient strategies for providing better customer care (Milman and Zehrer, 2017).
 Step 7: The seventh step will be arranging for reservations and ticketing. The higher
management will require developing proper rules and restrictions for reservations and
ticketing. This will help to manage the visitors efficiently.
 Step 8: The last step will be maintaining proper internal and external communication system.
This is one of the important steps in the entire process of visitor attractive and development
of the theme park. This step will help to manage the entire process systematically.
Therefore, considering the above discussion, it can be stated that the process developing The London
Resort for visitor attraction will be much long. However, if the management follows this process,
visitor attraction will be easier for the company.
However, in this context, it is important to be mentioned that while developing this project, the
company may face some issues, which may create barrier for successful completion of the project.
The potential issues are as follows:
 Location selection issues – This is one of the biggest issue that the company may face
while developing the theme park for better visitor attraction (Ballantyne et al., 2018). In
order to make the project successful, the management of London Resort Company
Holdings Limited needs to identify such a location that has natural view and healthy
atmosphere. However, in the current scenario, London is facing certain political issues
because of Brexit effects. At the same time, the country is also facing issue of terrorism.
These are creating barriers for attracting foreign visitors in UK. Moreover, developing the
theme park will require fulfilling wide range of rules and regulations regarding maintenance
of ecological environment, which may be also challenging to the firm.
 Funding issue – This is another biggest issue that the company may face at the time of
developing the theme park for better visitor attraction. As this will be a large project, the
company will require arranging huge amount of money, which will be a problem for the
organization (Biraglia et al., 2017). However, the company may arrange the required funds
from different private and public financial institutions. However, in this context, it must be
kept in mind that the company will require to bear a certain percentage of cost for availing
funds from the external sources.
 Stakeholder management – This is also an issue for the theme park project planned by
London Resort Company Holdings Limited. There will be wide number of stakeholders
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associated with this project and satisfying all of them at one time will be difficult for the
company (Ballantyne et al., 2018). If the company cannot satisfy all the stakeholders
properly, it will face more problems in future.
 Local authority – Convincing the local authority for supporting this project will also be
challenging for the company. The company will require satisfying several formalities that
will be imposed by the local authority to start the theme park project at the particular area
(Biraglia et al., 2017).
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Task 4 - Understand the application of management techniques and their impact on
sustainability.
4.1 Analyse different visitor management strategies
It has to be understood that a nation might have several attractions for the tourists. However, this
is not enough to attract the tourists. In today’s scenario of fierce competition, it becomes a tough
task for the companies to attract the tourists provided the fact that there are many destinations for
them to choose and visit. Since the sector of travel and tourism is heavily contributing to the
economy of the nations, it becomes very important for them to look into it that the scope of
sustainability.
In the case of Ireland, it has been noticed that the nation, which comprises of various travel and
tourism sites, has been hugely affected by various factors such as the safety and security of the
visitors and tourists. Also, in the United Kingdom, the political factors such as Brexit has hugely
affected the scope of tourism in the country. Apart from that, in the United States too, the issues
of visa and related problems have negatively affected the tourism sector. Issues such as these
stands as major hurdle in the path of sustainability. These are few of the many factors that need
to be focussed on by the authorities and management (Sharpley and Telfer, 2014).
In order to bring in sustainability in the United Kingdom’s travel and tourism sector, it becomes
necessary for the various travel and tourism based organizations to ensure the fact that they come
up with various measures to meet up with the requirements of the consumers. Only when they
are able to fulfil the needs of the consumers, shall they bring in the scope of sustainability in the
travel and tourism sector of their country. However, it has to be understood by the management
of the organizations as well as the authorities of a nation that a major section of sustainability
deals with the impact of a business on the environment of the nation.
In the travel and tourism sector, there are roughly two ways employed by the nations in order to
enhance and improve the scope of sustainability in the travel and tourism sector. They are:
The hard measures
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Under the hard measure, the authorities of a nation implies strict vigilance on the various
activities of the visitors and tourists (Becker, 2016). Not only this, but if the activities of the
tourists are harming the environment and ecosystem of the particular area, they shall even ban or
restrict the tourists from visiting these places.
The soft measures
Unlike the hard measure, the authorities of imply this sort of strategy when the extent to which
the harm is caused, is comparatively less. Under the soft measures, the authorities and
management ensure that they employ various plans and measures in order to increase visitor
coordination (Pizam et al., 2016). Further, they also look into it that various aspects such as the
interpretational value of the place remain enhanced, the marketing strategies comprises of the
sustainability factor and the visitors are aware of such strategies being employed by the
companies.
4.2 Evaluate management techniques in relation to sustainability
As the name suggests, Sustainability management incorporates the scope of sustainability to that
of the concepts of management. In the travel and tourism sector, sustainability mainly comprise
of three factors. They are:
 Environmental factors
 Requirements of the present as well as that of the future generation
 Economic factors
If the authority of a particular nation or the management of a travel and tourism organization are
able to shape and develop their visitor attraction strategies based on the above-mentioned three
points, it becomes highly possible for them to bring in sustainability. However, to make the task
of incepting the scope of sustainability easy, the management and decision makers often form a
coalition or team, which works together to ensure that the travel and tourism sector mange to
employ the scope of sustainability. Teams like this usually comprises of components such as:
 The land or property owners
 Other property owners
 The hotel and accommodation sector
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 Activists who work for the betterment of the environment
 Various conservational groups
 Tourists themselves
By doing so, it becomes possible for the authorities and management to bring in and employ the
scope of sustainability in the travel and tourism sector. By forming coalitions and teams like this,
it becomes possible for the authorities to keep a check and monitor various components of
sustainability such as:
 Supply of the products or services
 Needs and requirements of the tourists and visitors
 The impact of tourism on the environment and ecosystem
General strategies that might be implemented by the companies to bring in sustainability are as
follows:
 Reduce the various sources of pollution such as vehicles in the tourist spots
 Raising of funds and money to develop and enhance the sites of tourism
 Informing and educating the local people and visitors about the various aspects of
sustainable tourism
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Conclusion
Thus, from all the discussions and evaluations made in the report, it can be realized that visitor
attractions management plays a significant role within the travel and tourism industry. The
discussion on overlap of visitor attractions such as natural attractions, purpose attractions, events,
etc. help in realizing how visitor attractions overlap in tourist destinations while the discussion
on revenue generation, employment generation, revitalization of areas, etc. help in understanding
the importance of visitor attraction. On the other hand, the requirements of motivations of
tourists such as business tourist, adventure tourist, incentive tourists, etc. have been realized
while the discussion on smart consumer and responsible tourism theories help in realizing types
of visitors, their impacts and various tourist motivation theories. The discussion on funding issue,
location selection issues, etc. highlight the various types of issues that can be arising in tourism
and can be affecting the process of development in visitor attraction management. Lastly, the
discussion on demand and supply and sustainability assists in understanding the application of
various management techniques along with their respective impacts on sustainability of visitor
attractions.
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