Waste Management: Efficient Technologies and EPA Regulations

Running Head: WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
Wastes management is one of the major problem the whole United Sates is concerned
about. Several researches have been conducted to derive efficient methods to decrease wastes
and recycle them productively. Studies shows that the biological wastes can be used to
enhance the productivity of the soil with the help of efficient technology (Rhyner, 2017).
Recent researches have also revealed that hazardous wastes can also be removed using
scientific technologies. This paper contains answers of six questions regarding the efficient
use of technology and rules and regulations recommended by EPA.
Answer to Question 1
The term ‘Municipal Solid Waste Landfill’ (MSWLF) refers to an area of land where
household wastes are disposed. It may be a discrete land or an excavation. Generally,
MSWLF receives different kinds of non-hazardous wastes (Liu, et al., 2015).
.A secure landfill can be considered as a facility designed to dispose solid wastes
safely. It can be created either inside the ground or above the ground. Secured landfill is used
to dispose hazardous wastes (Blackman Jr, 2016)

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Technology requirement differences in case of a municipal solid wastes and secured
landfill may is shown in the following table.
municipal solid wastes secured landfill wastes
The technical steps involved in the collection
as well as transportation of municipal solid
wastes are- underground collection system,
Waste bin monitoring system using GSM,
Web based GIS technology, Waste
compactors (Tchobanoglous, 2015). For the
conversion and recycling of the municipal
solid wastes, carbonization and wet thermal
technologies are used.
EPA has established Best Demonstrated Available
Technologies (BDAT), a framework The
effectiveness of the technologies used in case of
hazardous wastes depends on the performance of the
BDAT. The three key technologies that facilitate
landfill operations are- Internet of Things, Remote
monitoring, Control technologies (Rhyner, 2017).
.
Answer to Question 2.
Non- intrusive Survey Methods for the Investigation of Hazardous Wastes
Disposal sites
1. Seismic survey methods
Seismic geographical methods utilise a source and a receiver in order to
observe the subsurface, which uses compressional waves. The receiver records the
velocity of the seismic waves, which is known as geophones. Geophones are
correlated to the properties of the subsurface (Blackman, 2016). This method is used
to find and listen waves which returns to the earth’s surface, to determine whether the

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wave is a direct surface wave or the wave has been reflected from a subsurface
geologic interface.
2. Electromagnetic surveys
This method typically helps in correlating the variations in water content fluid conductivity,
porosity, permeability (Inglezakis & Moustakas, 2015). This method also check the presence
of metal. Decaying solid wastes as well as metal which have a higher electrical conductivity
than soil, can be removed with the help of electromagnetic survey.
3. Gravitational survey techniques
Gravity measurements are used to find the internal structure of the earth, which in turn will
accelerate the process of removing wasters from soil. It is also used to locate the underground
gravitational anomalies, measuring spatial variation which may cause while removing wastes
(Kuijken et al., 2015).
Answer to Question 3.
Hazardous wastes refers to wastes generated from manufacturing process from
industries, pesticides, gases which are harmful for human beings.
There exists a variety of hazardous management treatment which are-Physical
treatment, Chemical treatment, Biological treatment, incineration, solidification, stabilisation
(US EPA, 2019)