(PDF) Waste Management at the Construction Site

Waste management on a
construction site

Table of Contents
TITLE: Influence of construction method on project sustainability................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
(a) Project Identification.............................................................................................................1
(b) Research Methods.................................................................................................................1
(c) Feasibility studies..................................................................................................................2
(d) Brief and specification...........................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
(a) Project scope..........................................................................................................................3
(b) Describe range of techniques for potential solution and stating with cost and planning
involvement.................................................................................................................................4
(c) Project management plan with standard system of time and resources ................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
(a) Potential project management solution using PERT or CPM with log book........................6
(b) Justify selection of project solution with reference to initial stated project specification.....8
(c) Comparison of outcomes in initial planned resources...........................................................9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
(a) Written report of project with stating each stage.................................................................10
(c) Final project outcomes and recommendation......................................................................10
(d) Presentation of outcomes.....................................................................................................10
(e) Appraise own performance in managing project and drawing some conclusion................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Gantt chart.................................................................................................................7
Illustration 2: Network planning......................................................................................................8

TITLE: Influence of construction method on project sustainability
INTRODUCTION
In order to consider waste management on construction site, it is essential to protect
environment and health of population. This is because rubbish and waste are main causes of
water and air pollution. With the help of rotting rubbish, harmful gases reduced systematically to
increase effective results (Udawatta, Zuo and Zillante, 2015). Waste management solution helps
to maintain environmental safety. It is the best consideration to save natural resources such as
trees, gas and water. For example, paper, cupboard, paper cups, etc. Recycle paper products
assist to save environment and maintain effectiveness. In this context, present report is based on
different tasks where the project has been developed with identification, research methods, etc.
Furthermore, in second task scope, resources, costs, personnel with timescale. In this regard,
PERT and CPM will be discussed and developed with the help of Gantt chart.
TASK 1
(a) Project Identification
Aim: To explore the influence of waste management in construction industry and its impact on
project sustainability.
With respect to implement plan of waste and environmental management project, solid
system has been constructed successfully. In this regard, adequate public sector management and
institutional strengthening helps to foster private sector development. It assists to improve
Human Resource Development and reduction in poverty (Wu, Ann and Shen, 2017).
Furthermore, it is also includes concrete to substitution with recycle ones. On the basis of
better timing and sequence of operations, productivity and reduction of environmental impact.
With the help of this method, construction industry creates effectiveness in the business
(Hincapié, Caballero-Guzman and Nowack, 2015).
(b) Research Methods
In order to determine research methods regarding waste management, it is important to
describe effective results to make accessible and process of scientific aspects. It helps to support
subject that is used to attain variety of research paradigm in different kinds of academic
discipline. It is the system where models, procedures and techniques used to find results to
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research problems (Ding, Yi and Huang, 2016). It also assists to encourage researcher to
investigate particular area of research with different types of data. Furthermore, these data also
analyse with using different techniques and interpret results from different position. Besides this,
choice about method is matter to implement the best equipment to handle task.
Along with this, methodology for research study is also determines in very cautions
manner to consider careful examination that is related with literature. As a result, researcher
identifies different factors related with objectives and questions. In this way, researcher includes
problems, creating questions, formatting theoretical frameworks in pre-empirical stage.
Furthermore, designing method, data collection and data analysis assists to develop systematic
advantages (Ajayi, Oyedele and Kadiri, 2015).
In the first step, methodology develops to decide research strategy. The most important
decision is to focus on qualitative research strategy to provide and enhance understanding.
Present study focuses on waste management in construction industry practices which impacts on
sound environmental development. Hence, qualitative and quantitative research in single project
develops to collect, analyse, integrate and find data. Besides this, research is largely relied on
qualitative approach in entire research procedure (Zhang, Wu and Shen, 2015).
In the outset of selecting approach needed to consider advantages in the methods. It
convinces readers about value of mixed methods. It assists to provide value of methods and
create strength with using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Relevant data also provided to
solve problems and acceptance findings with conclusion (Dahlbo, Bachér and Saramäki, 2015).
(c) Feasibility studies
With respect to implementation of waste management method in construction industry,
influence could be assessed and work within construction industry. It helps to ensure that in the
situation, procedure will be applied to determine publish work in systematic manner. Researcher
needs to identify other tools that assist to implement work for a given situation. Similar process
compare in published work which helps to make great assistance (Rose and Manley, 2016).
With this regard, it can be stated that similar process helps in creative work performance
in given situation so that it would be beneficial to work in systematic manner. Furthermore,
feasibility study assists to determine viability of an idea which ensures that project is legal,
technically feasible and economically justifiable. Hence, in construction industry, it is important
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to find reasons to implement project successfully. In order to perform functions, different kinds
of resources implemented that are profitable (Alwan, Jones and Holgate, 2017).
(d) Brief and specification
In order to implement brief and specifications, it can be stated that there are different
tools and techniques that are considered in a project management. They are as follows: Waste management scope: In respect to consider scope of project management, it can be
stated that it helps to generate the least amount of waste possible in process that ensure
generation of little waste possible. With the help of elimination of error, poor planning,
breakage, mishandling, etc. scope of present project employed (Duan, Wang and Huang,
2015). Project scope: With the help of waste management in project, different kinds of material
economically feasible that reused, salvaged, recycle, etc. Waste disposal in landfills or it
is minimised with diminish costs. Scope management plan: In order to develop construction waste management plan,
results also generated with project rates that is recycling around 95% through weight of
construction and demolition waste. Most construction and demolition generated at the
project level and therefore, it is subject to laws and regulations in local, state, provincial,
etc. Local practice in the management plan ascertained with disposal of construction and
often shaped with availability of economic conditions, societal priorities, etc. (Wang, Li
and Tam, 2014).
 Requirements in management plan: Salvage and recycle consider as hazardous
demolition in waste that is possible with implement different material such as demolition
waste in which includes concrete, brick, woods joists and studs, plywood and oriented
strand, rough hardware, insulation, etc. Furthermore, in construction waste wood sheet
materials, metals, electrical conduit, packaging, beverage and packaged food containers,
etc. elements must be gather (Bilal, Oyedele and Pasha, 2016).
TASK 2
(a) Project scope
Waste management in construction industry consider specification to maximise diversion
of demolition and construction with landfill disposal. As per 30 days receipt of notice, prior
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generation of waste material implemented which helps to prepare and submit waste management
plan. It includes procedure for recycling/ reuse program to divert minimum 95% of construction
and demolition from landfill disposal. Approval also undertaken which relieve with contractor of
responsibilities (Udawatta, Zuo and Zillante, 2015). It assists to consider adequate and
continuing control of pollutants with using environmental protection measures. Furthermore,
calculations on end of on project recycling rates, salvage rates, etc. on waste material. It helps to
demonstrate minimum 75% construction waste that recycled and diverted from landfill. There
are different documentation recovery rate included that are certificates with brief narrative
explanation.
(b) Describe range of techniques for potential solution and stating with cost and planning
involvement
In respect to determines techniques for potential solution, it can be stated that there are
different tools consider to make proper solution. On the basis of these activities, cost and plan
involvement consider in management: Planning the project: In order to consider planning of the project, requirements of
statement of work, specification, company policies, procedure, etc. elements included. In
this way, technical efforts and requirement consider labour, material, tools, equipments,
etc. (Hincapié, Caballero-Guzman and Nowack, 2015). WBS: Work break down structure consider as basic cornerstone of project management.
It is product oriented tree division that includes hardware, software, services and other
work tasks. It defines graphical display of product which help to accomplish desired
results. Work package consider as specific job applicable in which piece of hardware or
service determines responsibility in one operating unit in the enterprise. Cost account is
also related with work packages (Udawatta, Zuo and Zillante, 2015). Schedule planning: In this consideration includes schedule planning which consider as
preparation of project schedule that is based on WBS and insure all elements of project
requirement. Therefore, it considers as hardware, software, support. Schedule is also
important which integrate several activities with significant milestone. There are mainly
different types of techniques included that assist to schedule planning such as Gantt
charts, PERT/CPM, etc. (Duan, Wang and Huang, 2015)
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 Financial planning:Financial planning continue with the project and it involves
allocation of resources that are needed for project. Financial plan consider budget, cost
elements and work packages. It considers expenditure plans that are based on rate of
expenses that are related with availability of funds, profit plans, investment plans, etc.
Budget is also negotiated between project manager and task organisation.
 Work authorization process: Planning process breaks WBS into subordinate elements in
appropriate manner. It involves size, schedule, established budget and resources. Work
authorization process also included flow of work to perform functions and operations.
(c) Project management plan with standard system of time and resources
In order to make successful project with standard system, it can be stated that time and
resources most important elements. It is important to recognised project management activities
with regular functions in construction industry. In the plan, following elements included: Executive summary: In this section, few paragraphs included at high level with key
elements of project that are provide details in project plan. Strategic alignment: It is also determines with organisational objectives that supposed in
project. In this section, results included with stakeholder analysis. Project scope: This element describe objectives with definitions as scope with
deliverables. WBS and PBS implemented with quality specifications in systematic
manner. Assumptions regarding present project schedule for performance criteria. Feasibility assessment: In this section evaluate economic, technical, operational and
organisational feasibility (Hincapié, Caballero-Guzman and Nowack, 2015). Constraints: In this aspect list of constraints imposed in environment by management
such as fixed budget, limited resources. (Duan, Wang and Huang, 2015) HRM: Project team organisation, roles and responsibilities requirement determines in this
consideration. Training requirement need to assess with training plan. Material/ equipments: In this section, scope, hardware, software, and other resources that
are needed to complete project successfully (Zhang, Wu and Shen, 2015). Project schedule: In this content, milestone define with schedule activities that integrate
three aspects such as deliverables, due date and critical dependencies.
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 Budget and cost estimation: Estimation also consider in budget and cost in whole project
duration. There are 12 basic rules estimated in project that determines in capital items,
expenses and labour. Risk management: In this section, detail of process employed to manage risk.
 Project issue: Issues are such things that happened with outside authority of project
manager to achieve resolution (Udawatta, Zuo and Zillante, 2015).
TASK 3
(a) Potential project management solution using PERT or CPM with log book
Task
Mode Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
Auto
Schedule
d
Project preparation 7 days Mon 7/2/18 Tue 7/10/18
Auto
Schedule
d
Planning stage 2 days Mon 7/2/18 Tue 7/3/18
Auto
Schedule
d
Waste planning 3 days Wed 7/11/18 Fri 7/13/18 1
Auto
Schedule
d
Waste sorting 2 days Mon 7/16/18 Tue 7/17/18 2,3
Auto
Schedule
d
Waste storage 4 days Wed 7/18/18 Mon 7/23/18 3,4
Auto
Schedule
d
Site waste collection 5 days Tue 7/24/18 Mon 7/30/18 4,5
Auto
Schedule
Non-hazards waste 3 days Tue 7/31/18 Thu 8/2/18 4,5,6
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d
Auto
Schedule
d
Hazards waste storage 4 days Tue 7/31/18 Fri 8/3/18 6
Auto
Schedule
d
5 R principles 3 days Fri 8/3/18 Tue 8/7/18 6,7
Auto
Schedule
d
Waste collection and
disposal 5 days Mon 8/6/18 Fri 8/10/18 7,8
Auto
Schedule
d
Reporting 1 day Mon 8/13/18 Mon 8/13/18 9,10
Gantt chart: Gantt chart consider horizontal bar activities which develop graphical illustration of
schedule that assists to plan, coordinate and track specific tasks in the project. In the present
project management plan, following activities consider to schedule activities in systematic
manner:
Illustration 1: Gantt chart
Network planning: It is another important tool that assists to schedule and design iterative
process and encompasses topological design. Furthermore, it is also considered network
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synthesis and realisation which aimed to ensure effective telecommunication network to meet
with effective results.
Illustration 2: Network planning
Critical path: 1+3+4+5+6+8+10+11
= 2+4+5+3+5+1=20 days
(b) Justify selection of project solution with reference to initial stated project specification
In order to determines initial stated project specification, following aspects included in
different activities: Project preparation: In respect to consider project preparation, there are different stages
included that assists to focus on maintain effective performance. It helps to focus on
considered effective project preparation to focus on waste management plan. Planning stages: In planning stage, different elements considered which established and
integrated waste management system. It includes type of waste which produced at site
and office. Waste planning: With this respect, different kinds of waste must be separate in
systematic manner to consider effective planning. On the basis of establishment waste
management system, planning included in effective manner. Waste sorting: Furthermore, waste storing activity consider separate hazards and non-
hazards waste. It considers reusable and recyclable waste with food waste. Components
are also considered further separation to segregate different aspects. Waste storage: Waste receptacles provided in project site and office to collect appropriate
waste type. In the areas, suitable size contain for all types of waste. Staff members also
involved waste bins and keep them in good conditions (Duan, Wang and Huang, 2015).
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 Site waste collection: Site waste collection areas consider proper use of rubbish to
maintain safety and waste. On the basis of site waste collection area, it can be stated that
proper management consider at workplace. Non-hazards waste: In Non-hazards waste, different kinds of material included such as
cover waste skips, properly label waste skips, transfer waste timely in storage area.
Properly stack material maximise ability to reuse and prevent safety hazards. Hazards waste storage: Hazards waste storage also included stored in leak proof
containers with proper labelling and sign. Stored away from the source of ignition.
Tightly sealed and stored from food must be implemented. Along with this compatibility
assessment shall be done to demonstrate reaction between waste types and segregation
requirement. 5 R principles: In order to consider 5 R principles, there are different strategies
implemented to manage waste and reduce negative impact in environment. For instance,
RETHINK, REPAIR, REDUCE, REUSE and RECYCLE. Waste collection and disposal: In order to consider waste collection and disposal, it can
be stated that proper management of disposal in systematic manner.
 Reporting: At last element, it is important to reporting so that proper management of
reuse and initial stated project specification required.
(c) Comparison of outcomes in initial planned resources
In order to compare outcomes in initial planned resources, it can be stated that systematic
planning must be considered. On the basis of record of donations, record of sales, recycling and
processing facility, etc. must be considered. Project preparation activities consider successful
plan within 7 days so that it take more time as compare to other elements. However, waste
collection and disposal also taking 5 days duration with different kinds of resources. Mainly
activities taken in critical path that are 1+3+4+5+6+8+10+11 in total 20 days. With stated
specifications, it can be depict that project plan must be completed in 20 days.
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TASK 4
(a) Written report of project with stating each stage
In respect to determines creative work performance, it can be stated that project must be
completed on time. On the basis of these stages, project process consider important role. They
are as follows: General: On construction site, waste management plan must be included and
implemented with approval by owner. In this regard, handling, containers, storage,
signage, transportation, etc. elements must be consider. Waste management coordinator: Waste management coordinator must be responsible in
respect to implement, monitor and report status of waste management work plan. They
also need to present at project site with full-time duration. Training: In training, workers must be train, preparing subcontractors and suppliers with
proper waste management procedure. In this way, distribution of waste management plan
concerned in systematic manner. Site access and temporary control: Conduct waste management operations also helps to
ensure minimum interference with roads, facilities, etc. Designated and label specific
areas covered on project site that facilitate with contamination of material.
 Hazards waste: Hazards waste must be separated, stored and disposed as per local
regulations and included in construction waste management plan. On the basis of plan, it
could be undertaken in systematic manner.
(c) Final project outcomes and recommendation
Covered in PPT.
(d) Presentation of outcomes
Covered in PPT.
(e) Appraise own performance in managing project and drawing some conclusion
In order to consider explore of the influence waste management in construction industry
and its impact on project sustainability, I understand many things. With this regard, it can be
stated that solution must be provided with using different tools and techniques. Brief and
specification of activities schedule with scope of management. I learned about importance of
project management scope that assists to meet with different range of techniques with potential
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solution and involvement of cost. On the basis of above project, it can be stated that
sustainability of project is depended on waste management in construction company (Zhang, Wu
and Shen, 2015). In respect to focus on financial planning, there are several activities must be
schedule which increases my understanding and learning. Standard system of time and resources
must be carried to focus on attain desired results.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Alwan, Z., Jones, P. and Holgate, P., 2017. Strategic sustainable development in the UK
construction industry, through the framework for strategic sustainable development,
using Building Information Modelling. Journal of Cleaner Production. 140. pp.349-
358.
Bilal, M., Oyedele, L.O. and Pasha, M., 2016. Big Data in the construction industry: A review of
present status, opportunities, and future trends. Advanced engineering informatics.
30(3). pp.500-521.
Dahlbo, H., Bachér, J. and Saramäki, K., 2015. Construction and demolition waste management–
a holistic evaluation of environmental performance. Journal of cleaner production. 107.
pp.333-341.
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simulation of construction waste reduction management in China. Waste Management.
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Duan, H., Wang, J. and Huang, Q., 2015. Encouraging the environmentally sound management
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Sustainable Energy Reviews. 43. pp.611-620.
Hincapié, I., Caballero-Guzman, A. and Nowack, B., 2015. Use of engineered nanomaterials in
the construction industry with specific emphasis on paints and their flows in
construction and demolition waste in Switzerland. Waste management. 43. pp.398-406.
Rose, T.M. and Manley, K., 2016. Barriers to on-site waste management innovation in building
construction projects. WBC16 Proceedings: Volume I-Creating Built Environments of
New Opportunities. 1. pp.565-574.
Udawatta, N., Zuo, J. and Zillante, G., 2015. Improving waste management in construction
projects: An Australian study. REsources, conservation and Recycling. 101. pp.73-83.
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Wang, J., Li, Z. and Tam, V.W., 2014. Critical factors in effective construction waste
minimization at the design stage: a Shenzhen case study, China. Resources,
Conservation and Recycling. 82. pp.1-7.
Wu, Z., Ann, T.W. and Shen, L., 2017. Investigating the determinants of contractor’s
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