Waste and Pollution Management: Material Balance and Treatment Processes

Waste and Pollution Management 1
Waste and Pollution Management
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Waste and Pollution Management 2
Question one:
Here we can assume that resources are detached for reusing and disposals and composed every day. To
make a substance stability for a cannery during that duration and a substance flow picture interpreting of all the
substances the solution is as given below:
1) On one given day, the cannery receives the following: - 5 tonnes of tins, 12 tonnes of uncooked goods, o 5
tonnes of packets and 0.3 tonnes of various substances.
2) Here because of internal activity:
a) 10 tonnes of products are produced, 1.2 tonnes of produce waste is generated, and the remainder of
products is discharged and mixed with the wastewater.
b) 4 tonnes of tins are stored and the remainder is used, of which 3% are damaged.
c) 0.5 tonnes of cartons or packets are used of which 3% are damaged.
d) 25% of miscellaneous or various substance is stored: 50%become paper waste, of which 35% is isolated
and reused, with the remaining disposed of as mixed solid waste; and the remaining 25% of
miscellaneous materials are disposed of as mixed waste.
3) The required for the product are as follows:-
 Waste generated from raw produce.
a) Solid waste fed to cattle =1.2 tonnes (1089kg)
b) Waste produce discharge with wastewater= (12-10-1.2) tonnes= 0.8 tonne (726kg).
 Cans or tins
a) Damaged and recycled = (0.03) (5-4) tonne = 0.03 tonne (27Kg)
b) Used for production of product = (1-0.03) tonnes -0.97 tonne (880 Kg)
 Cartons or packets
a) Damaged and recycled = (0.03) (0.5) tonne =0.015 tonne
b) Cartons used in product = (0.5-0.015) tonne =0.485 tonne
 Miscellaneous materials
a) Amount stored =(0.25)(0.3)tonne =0.075 tonne
b) Paper separated and recycled =(0 .50)(0.35)(0.3tonne) = 0.053 tonne

Waste and Pollution Management 3
c) Mixed waste =[(0.3-0.0075-0.053] tonne =0.172 tonne
 Total weight of product = (10+0.97+0.485) tonnes = 11.455 tonnes
 Total material stored = (4 +0.0075) tonnes =4.075 tonnes
4) To prepare a material balance and flow diagram for cannery for the day the following quantities is
required:-
 Amount of material stored =inflow –outflow – waste generation
 The material balance quantities are as follows:-
a) Substances stored = (0.0075+4.0) tonnes =4.075 tonnes
b) Substance input = (0.3+5.5+12) tonnes =17 .8 tonnes
c) Substance output = (0.015+0.053+0.485+0.03+1.2+10.0+0.97) tonnes =12.753 tonnes
d) Waste generation = (0.172+0.8) tonnes
e) The final substance is: - 4.075 = (17.8-12.753-0.972) tonnes
5) The material balance flow diagram will be as follows:-
12 tonnes raw produce, 0.55 tonnes product, 1.2 tonnes waste fed to cattle, 0.5 tonnes carton, 5 tonnes
cans,0.03 tonnes recycled cans 0.3 miscellaneous, 0.053 cartons, 0,15 tonnes paper recycled, 0.8 waste
produces and 0.172 tonnes mixed waste discharge with wastewater
6) The final step is to determine the amount of waste per tonne of product and is:-
 Recyclable material= (1.2+0.03+0.015+0.053) tonne/11.455 tonnes =0 11 tonne recycle material/ tone
product.
 Missed waste= (0.8+0.172) tonne/11.455 tonnes=0.0848 tonne
Question two
Alkaline and acidic wasted and some hazardous waste and is tough to treat such wastes but such wastes
are treated by a process of steps and are as follow:-
Alkaline waste
Alkaline wastewater is processed through steps of screening, storage tank, neutralization precipitation,
sedimentation, and filtration and activated sludge processes.