Weather Data Statistics | Assignment

Question 1) Executive summary
Sol 1.i) Summary statistics of passive solar radiation for all years in this location in MJ/m2
(Bureau Metrological Australia 2020) is given below;
Statistic January February March April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annual
Mean 22.1 19.5 16.5 13.5 10.4 8.6 9.9 13.1 16.7 19.6 21.2 22.7 16.1
Lowest 17.5 15.8 11.8 10.0 8.4 7.0 7.8 10.6 14.2 16.4 17.5 18.3 14.4
Highest 26.1 23.2 20.8 15.8 11.9 10.2 11.6 15.1 19.2 23.4 27.5 26.2 17.4
Sol 1.ii) The direction of wind flow is dominant in the Northeast direction.
1.iii) Demographic features of the location
As per (Australian bureau of statistics2018) data for the year 2018, the estimated population
of Gordon city is 8191, and population density is 21.70 persons/hectare.
Sol 1.iv) Major structural elements required for construction: Major structural
components and their elements are Steel, Concrete, Bricks, Fibre-reinforced cement, Roofing
tiles, Plastic sheet(for fire resistance), Cellulose cement corrugated sheets, Metal sheets,
Asphalt shingles and Lift shaft.
Sol 1.v) Fire station is nearby the location. The distance between the location and the fire
station is 400m. Hence the response time should not be more than 10-15 minutes. (Google
map)
Sol 1.vi) Building classification: this type of building comes into class 2 type multi-unit
residential building since it is a residential apartment, and people live above and below each
other.
Sol 1.vii) Required type of construction: since the rise in the story is more than 4 therefore
this building comes under type A construction. (Commonwealth of Australia and states and
territories of Australia 2017)

Question 2) Structure
Sol 2) Major structural elements: following structural elements are required in
construction:
Item Building code used density
Brick AS 3700 2100Kg/m3
Concrete AS 3600 2500Kg/m3
Steel AS 4100 7100Kg/m3
Timber AS 1720.1 990Kg/m3
Question 3) Fire resisting construction
Sol. 3.1) The distance between the external columns or external walls on the ground floor
and the nearest Fire Source Feature (FSF) in the North, South, East, and West direction are
11.82m, 10.71m, 12m, and 18.95m respectively.
Sol. 3.2) Minimum Fire Resistance Level (FRL) for the external loadbearing members on the
ground floor level of the project is 90/ 90/ 90
Question 4) Accessibility and Evacuation
Sol. 4.1.1) at the basement level of the building minimum necessary Egress and Access
requirements are
i) The ramp or stairway, walkway, escalator must be linked with a shaft of
construction with minimum FRL of 120/120/120 if it is a loadbearing element or
-/20/20 for lightweight construction.
ii) None of the ramp or step may be in close proximity to the threshold of the
doorway than the width of the door leaf.
iii) A smoke detector must be located on both sides of the opening; It should not be
more than 1.5m from the opening measured horizontally.
Sol. 4.1.2) at the ground level of the apartment the minimum necessary Access and Egress
requirements are
i) Shaft opening must be kept safe from fire doors with minimum FRL of -/60/30.
ii) Materials used for the covering of the floor below the fire door should not be
combustible.
iii) A smoke detector must be located on both sides of the opening and should not be
more than 1.5m in the horizontal direction from the opening.

iv) To facilate safe escaping condition, all doors opening into the shaft should not be
more than 20m from the exit.
v) Signs guiding the escape path of nearby exit must be located at visible places.
vi) Braille and tactile signs are required to be located at not lesser than 1200mm and
must not be higher than 1600mm from floor surface level.
iv) To make escape path clear during the period of low visibility i.e., fire in building
Braille and tactile signs are required to be illuminated to ensure visibility during
emergency conditions of fire.
Sol. 4.1.3)
Minimum essential Access and Egress this project will require for people with disability
a) For every 100 car parking 1 space or part, thereof will be required for a person with a
disability.
a) The following standard suggested by Nation construction code to braille:
v) Braille and tactile signs are required to be located at not lesser than 1200mm and
must not be higher than 1600mm from floor surface level.
vi) To make escape path clear during the period of low visibility i.e., fire in building
Braille and tactile signs will required to be illuminated to ensure visibility during
emergency conditions of fire.
vii) As per the criteria set out by Australian Braille authority Braille will need to be of
Grade 1 braille (uncontracted).
viii) The shape of braille must be domed and raised.
ix) Pinpointed braille at 8 mm below the text’s bottom line (excluding descenders).
x) Left justified braille must be used.
xi) For braille readers, a solid arrow must be provided, when an arrow is used in the
tactile sign.

xii) A semi-circular shaped braille locator at the left margin must be aligned
horizontally with braille text’s first line, on signs which consist of multiple lines
of characters and text.
Since the distance of the external wall is less than 20m from fire exit in all the direction,
therefore the project complies with minimum NCC 2019 requirement.
Sol. 4.2) Maximum escape route distances requirements for the Sole Occupancy Units
located on level 07 to the nearest required exit from North, South, East, West is 15, 10, 16.54,
11 meters, respectively.
Yes, it meets NCC 2019 minimum requirement since distance form all the direction is less
than 20m.
Question 5) Services and Equipment
Sol. 5.1 Firefighting equipment
Minimum necessary firefighting equipment is:
Fire Extinguisher: fire extinguisher must be installed in ample amount at various locations
such as emergency exit area, locations where combustible materials are present
Hose reels: Hose reels are connected to the main water supply, which can transmit a large
amount of water.
Sprinkler: On a pipe network at the roof at regular interval, sprinkler is provided, and it is
connected to the main water supply. When building catches fire detector alarms automatically
opens valve and water is sprinkled in all parts of building.
Sol. 5.2 Smoke hazard management
Smoke alarms conforming to Australian standard 3786 should be connected to consumer’s
main power source in order to manage smoke hazard. Smoke detection alarms must initiate
smoke and heat vents once fire hazard occurs in the apartment.
Sol. 5.3 Lift installations
Sol. 5.4 Emergency lighting, exit signs and warning systems
Requirements of emergency lighting, exit signs and warning system on the ground floor level are.
Requirement of exit signs
A clearly visible photo luminescent exit sign must be provided in the building to facilate
entry of the person into the building. A photo luminescent exit sign must fulfil the following
requirements:
(a) It should always be charged and should emit at least illumination of 100 lux with a
colour temperature not less than 4000 kelvin; and

(b) In case of power cut-off, it should provide a minimum luminance of 30 mcd/sqm for
the minimum duration of 1hour 30 minutes; and
(c) Checking of performance at regular intervals by testing it standard conforming to
ASTM E2073-10
Emergency lighting system must be located at
(a) In every stairway which are fire-isolated or fire-isolated ramp;
(b) In each hallway, corridor, passageway, or alike, which have length from the entrance
doorway of any sole-occupancy residency unit in a Class 2 part of a building to the
nearest doorway opening not more than 6m directly to
(i) Fire isolated ramp, fire-isolated passageway or fire isolated stairway; or
(ii) An external passageway serving replaced by fire-isolated stairway under ; or
iii) An external balcony giving passage to a fire-isolated ramp, fire-isolated
passageway or fire-isolated stairway; or
iv) a open space or road
b) An intercom system and sound system for emergency warning purposes during
calamity conforming to Australian Standard 1670.4 must be incorporated.
Question 6 Health and Amenity and Energy Efficiency
Sol. 6.1 Damp and Weatherproofing
To properly manage surface water of storm with average return period of 20 years the
drainage system
(i) Must discharge surface water to an well designed outfall
(ii) Must safeguard the building against seepage of surface water
Sol 6.2 Sanitary facilities
to maintain sanitary requirement of the occupants, percolation of water must be prevented at
(a) behind lining and fittings; and
(b) into laundries, areas of sanitary purpose, concealed spaces, bathrooms, toilets and the
alike

Sol. 6.3 Room Heights
The roof height requirement of laundry, kitchen and bedrooms in sole occupancy unit of 2
bedroom on ground floor is 2.4m
Sol. 6.4 Lighting and Ventilation
Requirement for lightning and ventilation on 7th floor are:
i) airlock equivalents or airlocks ; or
ii) Mechanical exhaust ventilation or screening may be provided if required.
6.5 Sound Transmission and insulation
In class 2 buildings, sound transmission must be minimised through a building element that
separates:
a) sole-occupancy units;
b) common space and a sole-occupancy unit; or
c) Parts of building from a sole occupancy unit.

References
Bureau of metrology Australia. (2020) weatherData. Govt. of Australia. Sydney. Available
from :http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?
p_nccObsCode=203&p_display_type=dataFile&p_startYear=&p_c=&p_stn_num=06
6120 [Accessed 22-01-2020].
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2018) Ku-ring-gai Council Community profile. Australian
Bureau of Statistics. Ku-ring-gai Council. Available from:
https://profile.id.com.au/ku-ring-gai/about?WebID=120 [Accessed 27-01-2020]'
Commonwealth of Australia and States and Territories of Australia. (2017)
UNDERSTANDING THE NCC. UNDERSTANDING THE NCC. Commonwealth of
Australia and States and Territories of Australia. Available from: www.abcb.gov.au
[Accessed 27-01-2020].