Experiences of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to Enhance Medication Adherence in Schizophrenia Patients

What are experiences for Cognitive
Behavioural Therapy to enhance medication
adherence in patients diagnosed
schizophrenia
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Contents
TITLE – “What are experiences for Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to enhance medication
adherence in patients diagnosed schizophrenia”..............................................................................3
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Background of study...............................................................................................................4
Aims and Objectives...............................................................................................................5
Rationale of study...................................................................................................................6
Question and Search........................................................................................................................7
Search Strategy.......................................................................................................................7
PICO Framework....................................................................................................................8
PICO Question:......................................................................................................................9
Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria.................................................................................9
Critical appraisal of each study by using CASP tool.....................................................................10
STUDY 1 - Increasing access to CBT for psychosis patients: a feasibility, randomised
controlled trial evaluating brief, targeted CBT for distressing voices delivered by assistant
psychologists (GiVE2).........................................................................................................10
STUDY 2 - Using mobile technology to deliver a cognitive behaviour therapy-informed
intervention in early psychosis (Actissist): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial13
STUDY 3 - Automated virtual reality (VR) cognitive therapy for patients with psychosis:
study protocol for a single-blind parallel group randomised controlled trial (gameChange)16
Data synthesis................................................................................................................................19
Discussion......................................................................................................................................21
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................25
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................27
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TITLE – “What are experiences for Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to enhance
medication adherence in patients diagnosed schizophrenia”
ABSTRACT
Schizophrenia is a mental health disorder in which individuals interpret reality abnormally.
It may result in mixture of hallucinations, extremely disordered thinking, delusions, and
behaviour that impairs day to day functioning, and can be disabling. Cognitive Behavioural
Therapy is the most commonly used therapy in treating the mental health disorders. It is a short-
term talking therapy which aims to enhance mental health. This dissertation aims to evaluate the
experiences for Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to enhance medication adherence in patients
diagnosed with schizophrenia. The main objectives of associated with this study is to understand
about the schizophrenia disorder, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Also, another
objective of study is to determine various benefits of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in treating
mental health issues like schizophrenia and effectiveness of therapy in enhancing medication
adherence in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. By performing the study, it has been found
that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is very effective in enhancing medication adherence in the
patients diagnosed with schizophrenia disorder.
INTRODUCTION
The study aims to evaluate the experiences for Cognitive Behavioural Therapy to enhance
medication adherence in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, therefore, this is serious mental
disorder in that individual interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia mainly results in some
combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behaviour
which impairs daily performance, and can be disabling. The scope of study is wide and it is
mainly initiated to analyse the experience for cognitive behaviour therapy to develop medication
adherence within patients diagnosed with Schizophrenia. However, medication is the best and
most effective solution that has been found in the case of providing suitable diagnosis to the
patients suffering with schizophrenia. Although the cognitive behaviour therapy is better known
for the treatment of depression, some of the earliest literature on it pertains to the treatment of
schizophrenia however, the suitable maintained treatment with antipsychotic medication is
essential for the people with the issue of schizophrenia. However, the adherence to antipsychotic
treatment is often found poor; among the 41 and 61 % of patients do not take medication as
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prescribed. Thus, the Non-adherence can have major consequences, involving poor symptom
control and a developed risk of relapse. Efficient interventions which have the potential to
develop medication adherence may advance patients’ clinical outcomes. The contain idea about
the aspect of schizophrenia disorder, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment. The study
also renders idea about the assorted benefits of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in treating mental
health issues like schizophrenia. In addition to this the study assess the effectiveness of
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in enhancing medication adherence in patients diagnosed with
schizophrenia. Adherence therapy is defined as the brief psychological intervention encompasses
over the principles of the encouraging interviewing and cognitive behaviour therapy. AT is
termed as a patient’s central approach which is normally delivered through the trained clinicians
over a series of 8 weekly sessions. Key therapy tool mainly involves include medication issues
solving, exchanging data, exploring ambivalence, and challenging beliefs. Theoretically, these
tools amplify the personally relevant significance of treatment, modify illness and treatment
beliefs, and resolve ambivalence towards taking medication.
Background of study
Schizophrenia is a serious disorder associated with mental health in which individuals
interpret reality in abnormal way and it may outcomes in combination of extremely disordered
thinking, delusions, hallucinations and behaviour which impairs day to day functioning as well
as can be disabling. Individuals with this disorder need lifelong treatment. The disease affects
around 20 million individuals all over the world but, it is not common as other disorders
associated with mental health. It may affect occupational and educational performance of
individuals. It involves range of issues with thinking, emotions and behaviour and its symptoms
may include disorganised thinking, negative symptoms, abnormal motor behaviour, delusions
and hallucinations. It has been found in the adult psychiatric morbidity survey in United
Kingdom that approximately 0.5 % of individuals who are aged 16 years or older had received
psychotic disorder diagnosis. Schizophrenia can have developed among people at any age, but
initiates most commonly in adolescence as well as in the early 20s. The young individuals
aged10 to 18 accounts for around 24.5 % of psychiatric admissions along with marked increase
after the age of 15 years. It affects distinct people in diverse ways, but some common symptoms
associated with it involves lack of motivation, difficulty concentrating, lack of facial expression,
confused speech, psychosis and lack of emotional expression. Before experiencing those
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symptoms, individual may appear anxious, out of sorts and to lack focus. Cognitive behavioural
therapy provides various benefits to the people suffering from mental health issues. The theory
was originally developed for treating the depression and also assist the clinicians to identify the
behavioural changes which could assist in enhancing the mood of the patient. The individuals
with schizophrenia can also get help from this therapy. It can disrupt negative cycle of thoughts
and assisting individuals to cope up with their symptoms as well as enhance their life quality. It
provides several benefits to the individuals in terms of providing hope to the individuals about
their conditions. It also assists in developing self-esteem and help people to stay relax. Apart
from this, develops more rational thought process of the individual which help in gaining control
on the thoughts. Thus, it can be said that cognitive behavioural therapy is very effective form of
talking therapy and has wide range of applications. It enhances the medication adherence in
patients with schizophrenia.
Aims and Objectives
Research Aim:
The main aim associated with this study is “To evaluate the experiences for Cognitive
Behavioural Therapy to enhance medication adherence in patients diagnosed with
schizophrenia.”
Research Objectives:
This is the most important area of an investigation as it mainly defined as a clear and concise
statement which provides idea about the variables on which the investigation is based. This
section of research is widely based over aim of the research and provides suitable assistance to
execute theoretical analysis in effective manner to generate significant results. The main
objectives associated with this dissertation study are provided below:
1. To understand about the schizophrenia disorder, its symptoms, causes, diagnosis and
treatment.
2. To identify various benefits of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in treating mental health
issues like schizophrenia.
3. To assess the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in enhancing medication
adherence in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Research Questions:
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