Assignment on What do Does a Nurse Do?

Running head: Nursing 1
Nursing
by
Course:
Tutor:
University:
Department:
Date:

Nursing 2
Title, Authors and Abstract
The title reflects the content because is indicates the phenomenon under study and the
methodology. All four authors of the research are credible. They all are attached to the
University of Novi Sad in the departments of nursing and medicine. A search for their
qualifications in Scopus showed that the authors had published other peer-reviewed journal
articles. Moreover, the current article under analysis was published in the Journal of Clinical
Nursing which is an international site for peer-reviewed scientific journals. This is evidence of
their high credibility. The abstract has sufficient information on the research process. It has been
provided under subheadings namely aims and objectives, background, design, methods, results,
conclusion and implication (Von Elm et al., 2014).
Literature review
The literature review is up to date and comprehensive because the authors have referred to a
range of references on the background information on peripheral venous cannulation and any
associated complications. The references consist only of peer-reviewed journal articles published
between 2007 and 2019. Peer-reviewed journal articles are important in literature review because
they discourage plagiarism amongst authors thus increasing the quality and validity of the
review. Peer-reviewed articles also provided valuable responses that the authors can revise and
make their papers good for publication. This implies that the use of only published peer-
reviewed journal articles in the study not only improves its validity but also offered the most
recent state of the phenomena under study. This is further evidenced by the date range of 2007 to
2019 of the reviewed articles. It is generally acceptable in academic writing that publications not
older than ten years represent the current changes in a given topic of study.

Nursing 3
Additionally, the use of STROBE guidelines ensured that the selected articles were relevant to
the study topic. STROBE guidelines are effective in assessing the strengths and weaknesses of
studies for inclusion or exclusion from the review. The study has identified and stated the gaps in
the existing literature. There is limited literature on PVC management in different regions and
underreporting of local complications except for the factors leading to premature removal of
PVC. There is also an underestimation of the PVC complications that are reported due to the
common use of a retrospective medical chart that is affected by poor documentation (Carr et al.,
2016). The aim of the study has also been stated which is to identify the common local
complications of IV therapy administered through PVC.
Quantitative data collection
Questionnaires were used to collect data regarding the patient medical data in addition to age,
sex, BMI, main hand, disabilities associated with diabetes mellitus, smoking behaviours, distress
due to PVC among others. Questionnaires are appropriate for the observational prospective study
because they can be used to easily reach a large population. Moreover, a standard questionnaire
makes it possible to quantify answers for a research topic thus making it relatively easy to
compare the results and to analyze. Questionnaires are also effective in the collection of data in
the prospective observational study because data is collected in intervals during the period of
observation, thus ensuring that no observed data is missed or lost (Krosnick, 2018). However,
questionnaires usually allow a limited choice of feedbacks and if the right response is missing
among the answers, the information obtained will be invalid (Song, & Chung, 2010).
Data collection was carried out by nurses and one researcher. The nurse gathered data on cannula
placement and recorded it after the sign for the PVC placement was included after cannulation,
PVC catheter size, the number of attempts among others. A daily researcher also collected data

Nursing 4
on cannula monitoring. The researcher also observed the inspection of the cannula, variations in
the colour and health of the skin and any pain associated with the placement. The use of experts
in different fields such as nursing and general data collection to gather data is significant because
it minimizes any possible errors during data collection such as measurement error. Low
incidences of errors increase the validity of the outcomes (Heale, & Twycross, 2015).
The collected data was adequately described. The study provides a list of patient medical data
collected from the participants. These include the demographic characteristics such as age, sex,
BMI, common disabilities associated with diabetes among others. Furthermore, the study
describes the specific data collected during cannula placement, cannula monitoring and cannula
removal in addition to the one responsible for the collection. A detailed description of the
collected data improves the replicability of the study and improves the validity of the outcomes
from which the collected data is analyzed (Brown, 2015).
The authors do not expressly disclose the sampling method used in the steady but it can only be
deduced based on the data collection procedures provided. The study used convenience sampling
approach. A convenience sample was not appropriate for the study. However, it was only
beneficial because it is easy to undertake and incurs low cost and time. Moreover, it was
appropriate for collecting data which it would otherwise be impossible to collect using
probability sampling approaches because they require more formal access (Etikan, Musa, &
Alkassim, 2016). Convenience sampling was inappropriate for the study because it is usually
affected by multiple biases. The collected data from a convenience sample may lead to bias
because some groups may be over-represented and other under-represented. There are also high
chances of the occurrence of sampling error because the approach itself is biased. As a result, the
outcomes of a convenience sample can not be generalized and the conclusion is drawn because