Geothermal Energy Resources, Technologies, and Applications in the UK

Declaration
Acknowledgement

Abstract
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List of figures
1. Inside the earth
2. Earth temperature
3. Geothermal Resources
4. World map showing the lithospheric plate boundaries, dots= active volcanoes
5. Hotpots in the world
6. GHP in the heating cycle
7. Open Loop Groundwater Heat pump Doublete
8. Geothermal energy heating and cooling
9. Geothermal energy data
10. Map of Global Goethermal Energy Power Plant (Think Geothermal energy, 2018).
11. Geothermal energy production
12. Importance of the right terminology
13. Geothermal Resources and Technologies
14. Energy Cost
15. Applications of geothermal energy
List of tables
1. Types of resources/Temperature range
2. 2004 product in the world renewable energy supply
3. Integrated data for expected world geothermal potential and actual production
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1...........................................................................................................................6
Introduction.......................................................................................................................6
1.1 Background of the study...............................................................................................6
1.2 Research Question........................................................................................................7
Figure 1. inside the earth (Utah Geological survey)............................................................7
Figure 1.2 Earth’s temperature (Jason M, 2009)................................................................8
1.3Structure of the research...............................................................................................8
[Old Oak common, TfL, 2019] Figure 1.3..........................................................................9
1.4Geothermal history......................................................................................................10
1.5 Research Hypothesis...................................................................................................10
1.6The aims and objectives...............................................................................................10
Chapter 2.........................................................................................................................11
Literature Review.............................................................................................................11
2.1 Geothermal energy exploitations.................................................................................11
2.1.2 Table 1. Types of resources......................................................................................11
Table 1. Geothermal resources (Source: White and Williams, 1975).................................11
Figure 2. Geothermal Resources (Source: US department energy)...................................12
2.1.3 Geothermal system...................................................................................................12
Figure 3. World map showing the lithospheric plate boundaries, dots= active volcanoes
(Source: Geological survey).............................................................................................13
2.2.4 Geothermal Hotspot on Earth..................................................................................14
Figure 4. Hotpots in the world (IPPCC, 2007)..................................................................14
2.2 Technical potential.....................................................................................................14
Figure 5. GHP in the heating cycle (Source: Oklahoma state university).........................15
2.3 Technologies and Maintenance..................................................................................15
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Figure 6. Geothermal energy heating and cooling (Bertani, 2006)...................................16
Figure 7. Open loop Groundwater Heat Pump Doublete (Omer, 2006..............................17
Table 2. 2004 product in the world renewable energy supply............................................18
Figure 8. Geothermal energy data....................................................................................19
2.3.1 Efficiency of geothermal energy..............................................................................19
2.4 Importance of geothermal energy...............................................................................19
Figure 9. importance of the right terminology..................................................................19
2.4.1 Geothermal Energy resources and technologies.......................................................20
Figure 10. Map of Global Geothermal Energy Power Plant (Think Geothermal energy,
2018)................................................................................................................................21
2.4.2 Geothermal energy surface Manifestation resources................................................21
Figure 11. Geothermal energy production........................................................................22
2.4.3 Geothermal Power Plant..........................................................................................22
2.4.4 types of geothermal power plants.............................................................................22
2.4.5 Energy Resource......................................................................................................22
2.4.6 Turbine....................................................................................................................22
2.4.6 Magma....................................................................................................................22
2.4.7 Geothermal Water....................................................................................................22
2.4.8 Steam.......................................................................................................................23
Figure 12. Geothermal resources and technologies..........................................................23
2.4.8 comparison of geothermal energy and renewable energy.........................................23
2.5 Sustainable and environmental...................................................................................23
2.5.1 Sustainable/ stable...................................................................................................24
2.5.2 Geothermal energy in today’s life............................................................................24
2.6 Economics of Geothermal energy...............................................................................24
Figure 13. energy cost......................................................................................................25
2.6.1 Advantages..............................................................................................................25
2.6.2 pollution Free..........................................................................................................25
2.6.3 Economic Benefits...................................................................................................25
2.6.4 Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy......................................................................26
2.6.5 Transportation.........................................................................................................26
2.6.6 Possibility of running out of steam...........................................................................26
2.6.7 Toxic Gases.............................................................................................................26
2.7. Geothermal Energy Application.................................................................................26
Figure 14 Application of Geothermal energy(Namarata B, 2015).....................................27
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2.7.1 Direct Heating.........................................................................................................27
2.7.2 Electricity Generations............................................................................................28
2.7.3 Heat pumps and Space heating................................................................................28
2.7.4 Greenhouse Heating................................................................................................29
2.7.5 Agriculture and Aquaculture use.............................................................................29
Chapter 3 Methodology....................................................................................................30
3.1 Research Hypothesis...................................................................................................31
Table 1. Types of resources...............................................................................................32
Figure 8. Geothermal energy data....................................................................................32
3.2 Data collection............................................................................................................32
3.3 Types of questions – format used................................................................................33
Chapter 4 Case Studies (Results)..............................................................................34
Chapter 5 Discussions................................................................................................35
Chapter 6 Conclusion..................................................................................................35
Appendix.......................................................................................................................35
References....................................................................................................................36
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Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
The United Kingdom has set some targets in order to harness the geothermal energy recourses. The
aim of the department energy and climate is to support projects of exploitering the geothermal energy
resources. The department of energy and climate are funding for the projects up to 2 million pounds.
Lastly, some companies have been employed geotechnical engineers to carry out feasibility studies.
Heat and power systems can be considered as well during the work process (Regions generating mix,
2013).
The potentials of geothermal energy are huge, and it can heat millions of homes within the United
Kingdom (ASTM, 2005). The researchers believe that the source of energy is not enough for a long-
term use. Next, the world will be requiring up to 60% or more energy by 2030. There are potentials
for the renewable energy to balance every demand. Untouched resources can be found and there are
potentials to meet the current demand of the United kingdom’s energy up to 20% (ASTM, 2005).
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In addition, at the moment there are no deep geothermal plants in the United Kingdom. some sites like
the Redruth have the potential of supplying over 10 megawatts of electricity power and also 550
megawatts of heat energy as well for the whole area. During the whole year the energy is produced, it
is useful energy for the community, and it is produced by 25 wind turbines in the United Kingdom
(Arbor, 1919). The wind turbines create electricity power energy for the country, and it would benefit
for long term use.
Because of the issue of draining demonstrated hold of fossil-based vitality energizes particularly oil
and gas, under 60 years is the assessed remaining time of world non-renewable energy sources
extraction if there are not any more gigantic effective finding of oil and gas demonstrated save sooner
rather than later (Knoema, 2017).
1.2 Research Question
The goal of this research is gain knowledge regarding the potential of the geothermal energy in the
UK.
1. What is the status of the geothermal energy resources, technologies, and applications in the
UK?
2. How can geothermal energy resources benefit the environment?
3. How do you see the future of geothermal energy in the UK?
The United Kingdom has a few low to medium heat resources and geothermal energy being exploited
in United Kingdom, it is very useful for the coming up future. The ground source heat pump energy is
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