Network Security and Routing Protocols

This assignment delves into the realm of network security and routing protocols. It examines various security mechanisms employed in networks, drawing upon resources from Cisco Press and Oracle documentation. The focus extends to understanding routing protocols such as RIP, EIGRP, and BGP, with explanations provided by TechTarget and Cisco's official support pages. The assignment likely requires students to analyze and apply their knowledge of these concepts.

Executive Summary
The A4A organization interest to design a comprehensive network to provide the
wireless connection for an organization. It has the two branches such as head office and
branch offices. The head office is located at Sydney and branch office is located at Singapore.
The A4A organization funds all of its activities and projects from the public donations. It has
10 employees. The six members are located in Sydney office and four members are located in
Singapore office. It was stablished to help small private and public colleges and universities
in southeast Asia and Australia. It creates the proposed network to universities and colleges
are register the online by using wireless connection. The proposed wireless connection easily
communicates the two offices. It provides the secure wireless connection between the head
office and branch office. It meets the various requirements like security, user and business
requirements. It delivers the secure network services for an organization. It easily enable the
student to apply for recruitment to be volunteers in institutions.
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary...............................................................................................................................1
Project Goal and Scope..........................................................................................................................2
Design Requirements.............................................................................................................................3
1. Business Goals and Constraints.................................................................................................3
2. Technical Goals and Trade-offs.................................................................................................4
3. User Communities and Network Applications...........................................................................4
4. Assumptions..............................................................................................................................4
Logical Design......................................................................................................................................4
5. Network Design.........................................................................................................................4
6. IP addressing and Naming.........................................................................................................5
7. Network Devices.....................................................................................................................11
8. Justification of Logical Design................................................................................................12
9. List of Routing and Switching Protocols.................................................................................12
10. Security Mechanisms...........................................................................................................13
Physical Network Design....................................................................................................................13
11. Network Diagram and Justification.....................................................................................13
12. IP addresses.........................................................................................................................14
13. Network components...........................................................................................................17
14. Total Cost Estimation..........................................................................................................19
15. Test plan and Test Script......................................................................................................19
Reflection............................................................................................................................................21
16. User, business and Security Requirements...........................................................................21
17. Analyse the user, business and security Requirements........................................................22
18. Compare and Contrast the possible alternative network design...........................................22
19. Top down network design methodology..............................................................................22
20. Final Documentation............................................................................................................22
21. Designed Network Requirement..........................................................................................23
22. Unit......................................................................................................................................23
23. Suggestion...........................................................................................................................23
References...........................................................................................................................................23
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Project Goal and Scope
Main Goal of the project is to design a comprehensive network for Academics for
academics (A4A) organization. The A4A organization has two offices like head office and
branch office. The A4A head office is located at Sydney and branch office is Singapore. The
A4A funds the overall of project and activities for public donations. The A4A organization
has the one team to provide the funds for public donations. It has a team of 10 members. The
six members are located in Sydney office and four members are located in Singapore office.
The A4A organization was helps to small private and small colleges and universities in
southeast Asia and Australia. The A4A head office and branch office are have the local
network. The A4A organization needs to creates the wireless connection by design the new
network design. The current A4A network does not allow the institutions such as universities
and colleges registrations. So, the proposed network meets the various requirements after
analysis of the A4A current network. It allows the online registration by using the wireless
connections. It easily enables the student to apply the recruitment to be volunteers in the
institutions. The proposed network provides the security and productivity and it keeps the
member information securely. The Proposed network design will be identified the design
requirements. It identified the technical goal and trade-offs for A4A organization. The logical
and physical network design will be created. The network component and IP addressing will
be identified.
Design Requirements
1. Business Goals and Constraints
The A4A organization analyse the business goals and constraints by using the top down
methodology network design. The Business constraints and goals are used to gathering the
below information for an organization. They are,
 It provides the high security
 It improves the communications between the client and server.
 It increases the revenue.
 It offers the better customer support and services.
 It reduces the operational and maintenance costs.
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2. Technical Goals and Trade-offs
The A4A organization technical goals and trade-offs are analysed by using the top down
network design. The Technical trade-offs provides the following information like response
and delay time requirement, jitter requirements, packet loss requirement and bandwidth
requirement. The identification of technical goals is including the network adaptability,
availability, performance, affordability, scalability, usability and manageability.
3. User Communities and Network Applications
The A4A organization user communities are support the proposed network design. It
provides the end to end network solution and high network performance. The user
communities are including the group of users to sharing the best network practices on high
performance networking to raise the end to end network performance. The user communities
are identifying the set of users and their network performance by requiring the network
applications and resources (Jisc, 2017). The network applications are used to find the network
requirement to design a proposed network.
4. Assumptions
Various assumptions are applied during the network design to increase the network
design performance. They are listed below.
 Compatibility
 Reliability
 Availability
 Stability
 Scalability
 Integrity
Logical Design
5. Network Design
Logical network design for Singapore branch office is shown in below.
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Logical network design for Sydney Head office is shown in below.
6. IP addressing and Naming
IP addressing for Sydney Head Office is shown in below.
Router
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The router has the IP address as 192.168.1.0,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
Server
The Server has the IP address as 192.168.1.6,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
Firewall
The firewall has the IP address as 192.168.1.7,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
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PC - 1
The PC 1 has the IP address as 192.168.1.100,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 2
The PC 2 has the IP address as 192.168.1.101,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 3
The PC 3 has the IP address as 192.168.1.102,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 4
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The PC 4 has the IP address as 192.168.1.103,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 5
The PC 5 has the IP address as 192.168.1.104,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 6
The PC 6 has the IP address as 192.168.1.105,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
IP addressing for Singapore Branch Office is shown in below.
Router
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The router has the IP address as 192.168.1.0,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
Server
The Server has the IP address as 192.168.1.104,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
Firewall
The firewall has the IP address as 192.168.1.7,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
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PC - 1
The PC 1 has the IP address as 192.168.1.100,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 2
The PC 2 has the IP address as 192.168.1.101,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 3
The PC 3 has the IP address as 192.168.1.102,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 4
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The PC 4 has the IP address as 192.168.1.103,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1 (SearchNetworking, 2017).
7. Network Devices
For Singapore Branch office
Devices Products Number of Devices
PC Dell Computers 4
Switches Cisco 2500 Series Connected Grid Switches 4
Routers Cisco 3800 Series Integrated Services Routers 1
Firewall Cisco ASA 5506-X with Fire POWER Services 1
Server Cisco UCS C460 M4 Rack Server 1
For Sydney head office
Devices Products Number of Devices
PC Cisco 2500 Series Connected Grid Switches 6
Switches Cisco 3800 Series Integrated Services Routers 4
Routers Cisco ASA 5506-X with Fire POWER Services 1
Firewall Cisco UCS C460 M4 Rack Server 1
Server Cisco 2500 Series Connected Grid Switches 1
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8. Justification of Logical Design
The logical network diagram divided into two diagrams because the A4A organization
have the two offices like Sydney head office and Singapore branch office. These two
diagrams were shown in above. The Sydney Head office has the six staff PC’s, routers,
switches, firewall and cloud. The Routers are connected with the cloud and connected to
firewall. The firewall provides the secure wireless connection for A4A organization. The
Switches are connecting the staff Pc’s. The Proposed network design provides the scalability
and availability of the network. The Singapore branch office has the four staffs, routers,
switches, firewall and cloud. The Internet service provider connecting the routers. The routers
are connected the firewall. The firewall is connecting the switches. The PC’s are connected
with the switches. The proposed network design provides the flexibility and scalability of the
network (SearchTelecom, 2017).
9. List of Routing and Switching Protocols
The A4A proposed network design using the following routing protocols. These are,
 BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
 RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
 EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
The Border Gateway Protocol and it is a standardized exterior gateway protocol. The
BGP designed to exchange the reachability and routing information through autonomous
systems on the network. It creates the routing decisions depends on network policies, rule sets
and path configured by a network administrator. It offers the network stability and it
maintains the standard routing table used to directly transmit the packets (Academy, 2017),
(SearchTelecom, 2017).
The routing information protocol is used to prevents the routing loops by implementing
the hops allowed in a path from source to destination. It uses the user datagram protocol. It
assigned the reserved the port number 520. It maintains the network compatibility and hip
count limit. It used to avoid the unnecessary load on hosts (SearchNetworking, 2017).
The enhanced interior Gateway routing protocol is a one of the network routing protocol
and that routers are exchange the information more efficiently than with earlier network
protocols. It used to determine the most efficient route to a destination. It also determines the
least cost route by using the decision information.
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10. Security Mechanisms
To develop a network strategy by using the security mechanisms for A4A organization. The
Security mechanisms are listed below (Docs.oracle.com, 2017).
 Authentication
 Authorization
 Physical Security
 Data Encryption
 Private and public key Encryption
 Firewalls
 Packet filters
 Intrusion Prevention and detection systems
The Proposed network design using the firewall security mechanisms. The Firewall
mechanisms is used to provide the secure network connection for A4A organization. The
firewall is a device that enforces the security policies at the network boundary between more
than one networks. It has a collection of rules that specifies which traffic should be allowed
or denied. It provides the high security for A4A organization. It gives the flexibility and
scalability of the network. It captures the network traffic between the local client and outside
servers. It blocks the unwanted network traffic (Price-Evans, 2017).
Physical Network Design
11. Network Diagram and Justification
The Physical network design is shown in below. The Physical network design includes
the 10 staff PCs, router, switches, firewall and Server. The Internet service provider
connecting the routers. The routers are connected the overall network. The Routers are
connecting the firewall. The firewall is connected with server and switches. The switches are
connecting the staff PC’s. These are communicated each other to provide the end to end
network performance. The Proposed network design is providing the wireless network
connection. It also provides the secure network connection between the two offices such as
Sydney head office and Singapore branch office by using the firewall security mechanisms
(Support, Routing and TechNotes, 2017).
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12. IP addresses
IP addressing for Physical Network diagram is shown in below.
Router
The router has the IP address as 192.168.1.0,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
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Server
The Server has the IP address as 192.168.1.104,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
Firewall
The firewall has the IP address as 192.168.1.7,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC - 1
The PC 1 has the IP address as 192.168.1.100,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
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PC – 2
The PC 2 has the IP address as 192.168.1.101,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 3
The PC 3 has the IP address as 192.168.1.102,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
PC – 4
The PC 4 has the IP address as 192.168.1.103,
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.248 and
Default Gateway as 192.168.1.1
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13. Network components
Devices Products Number of Devices
PC Dell Computers 4
Switches Cisco 2500 Series Connected Grid Switches 3
Routers Cisco 3800 Series Integrated Services Routers 1
Firewall Cisco ASA 5506-X with Fire POWER Services 1
Server Cisco UCS C460 M4 Rack Server 1
Network Devices Specification and features
Cisco 3800 Series Integrated Services Routers
The cisco 3900 series router provides the 10 times high performance of previous
generation cisco router. It provides the free network inventory services to support the
equipment you want to replace. It also provides the end to end solution for the user network.
It easily evolves the user wireless network. It delivers the integrated services to branch
offices and head offices. it enables the user to simplify the management and deployment. It
has the low cost and complexities of user network. It also supports the mission critical
business application by providing the high secure network platform with concurrent services
(Oppenheimer, 2017).
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Cisco 2500 Series Connected Grid Switches
The Cisco 2500 series switches are optimized the switch for use in distribution and
transmission power substations. It comprehensive the network security features based on
open standard networks. It uses the field replaceable components like small form factor
pluggable and power supplies. It has advanced quality of service capabilities to support the
mission critical applications. It also has remote diagnostic capabilities (Kurose and Ross,
n.d.).
Cisco ASA 5506-X with Fire POWER Services
The cisco firewall is used to provide the superior multi-layered protection. It easily
simplified the network management applications. It has the lower costs and provide the high
performance. It provides the high security and productivity. It gains insight into apps, users,
threats, vulnerabilities and devices. It unified the security services and task automations. It
reduces the operating and capital costs as well as administrative complexity. It increases the
agility and speed remediation (A, 2014).
Cisco UCS C460 M4 Rack Server
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The cisco UCS C-series Rack servers are used to deliver the unified computing in an
industry. It reduces the TCO and increase the network and business agility. It also reduces the
workload challenges through a memory, I/O internal storage resources and balance of
processing. It provides the scalability of operational intelligence includes high performance,
scalability and capacity for deployment of enterprise (Scaling networks, 2014).
14. Total Cost Estimation
Devices Number of Devices Total Cost
Dell Computers 10 $359
Cisco 2500 Series Connected Grid Switches 4 $1864
Cisco 3800 Series Integrated Services Routers 3 $1695
Cisco ASA 5506-X with Fire POWER Services 1 $335
Cisco UCS C460 M4 Rack Server 1 $3342
15. Test plan and Test Script
To test the proposed network design by using test plan components such as test
acceptance, testing scripts, test objective, test project milestones and decided the test types.
The Test plan components are depending on business and technical goals and it avoid the
biases notions and preconceived about outcomes. The test script is shown in below
(Connecting networks companion guide, 2014).
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To test the network by ping the PC. It is shown in below.
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Reflection
16. User, business and Security Requirements
The user, business and security requirements are used to design secure network design
for A4A organization. The User requirements are accessing the network application
availability in their networks. The network application availability includes the following
performance such as reliability, response time and through put (Introduction to Cisco
Network Design, 2017). The business requirements are based on business goals and
constraints and it used to reduce the operational and maintenance costs. It improves the
communication between the user and clients. The Business requirement also focus on
network application staffing, budgeting, scheduling and policies. The Security requirements
are used to provide the secure network design for A4A organization by using the security
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mechanisms. The A4A organization using the most popular security mechanisms like
firewall. It provides the security and productivity for an A4A organization.
17. Analyse the user, business and security Requirements
To analyse the user, business and security requirement provides the high - performance
network for A4A organization It meets the proposed network requirements to improve the
network performance. The Analyse of user, business and security requirements are needs to
requires the business and technical goals and constraints. Because it satisfies the user and
business requirements. It improves the network security by using the various security
mechanisms. Because the security requirement satisfies the network security mechanisms.
18. Compare and Contrast the possible alternative network design
The compare and contrast of the logical and physical network design is to design the
proposed network design for A4A organization. Because the current network infrastructure
does not provide the secure and wireless network connection for universities and colleges.
So, A4A organization decided to create the wireless connection for both offices. The Logical
network design has the separate network design for each office. But, the physical network
design has one network design for both branches. Both network design provides the secure
wireless connection by using the firewall security mechanisms. It is used to provides the
productivity and security for an organization.
19. Top down network design methodology
The Top down methodology is used to resolve the network troubleshooting problem in
user network. It added the security features for wireless network connection. It analyse the
user, business and security requirements. It also used for logical and physical network design.
It easily selects the network components for user proposed network design. It commonly used
to design a network that initiate at the upper layers of the OSI model. It focuses on the
application, transport and sessions layers. It provides the secure network services and
network connection. It easily recognizing the logical and physical network design.
20. Final Documentation
The designed network provides the high productivity and security for an A4A
organization. It gives the secure wireless connection for A4A organization both offices. It
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meets the various requirements like security, user and business requirements. It easily enables
the organization to deliver the secure network services for team of organization. The
Designed network securely maintained by using the top down methodology.
21. Designed Network Requirement
The final network design meets the user, business and security requirements to provides
the high network performance and security. The user, business and security requirements are
meets the overall network performance.
22. Unit
In this project, user most liked things are to use top down methodology to create the
proposed network design and cisco products to creates the secure network infrastructure.
Because the cisco products are providing the scalability and flexibility of the network.
23. Suggestion
One suggestion is to use the cisco 802.1x access point for proposed network design.
Because, it providing the secure wireless network infrastructure and high productivity of the
organization.
References
A, J. (2014). Packet Tracer Network Simulator. Packt Publishing.
Academy, C. (2017). Types of Routing Protocols (3.1.4) > Cisco Networking Academy's
Introduction to Routing Dynamically. [online] Ciscopress.com. Available at:
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2180210&seqNum=7 [Accessed 4 Oct.
2017].
Connecting networks companion guide. (2014). Indianapolis, IN: Cisco Press.
Docs.oracle.com. (2017). Network Security Mechanisms (System Administration Guide:
Security Services). [online] Available at: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19683-01/816-
4883/concept-15/index.html [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
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Introduction to Cisco Network Design. (2017). Cisco Systems, Inc... [online] Available at:
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=25259&seqNum=6 [Accessed 4 Oct.
2017].
Jisc. (2017). Support our user communities in making optimal use of the Janet Network.
[online] Available at: https://www.jisc.ac.uk/rd/get-involved/supporting-user-
communities-in-making-optimal-use-of-the-janet-network [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
Kurose, J. and Ross, K. (n.d.). Computer networking.
Oppenheimer, P. (2017). Security Mechanisms > Developing Network Security Strategies.
[online] Ciscopress.com. Available at: http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?
p=1626588&seqNum=2 [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
Price-Evans, I. (2017). What is Routing Information Protocol (RIP)?. [online]
Metaswitch.com. Available at: https://www.metaswitch.com/resources/what-is-routing-
information-protocol-rip [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
Scaling networks. (2014). Indianapolis, IN: Cisco Press.
SearchNetworking. (2017). What is EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)?
- Definition from WhatIs.com. [online] Available at:
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/EIGRP [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
SearchNetworking. (2017). What is Routing Information Protocol (RIP)? - Definition from
WhatIs.com. [online] Available at:
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Routing-Information-Protocol
[Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
SearchTelecom. (2017). BGP tutorial: The routing protocol that makes the Internet work.
[online] Available at: http://searchtelecom.techtarget.com/feature/BGP-essentials-The-
protocol-that-makes-the-Internet-work [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
SearchTelecom. (2017). What is BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)? - Definition from
WhatIs.com. [online] Available at: http://searchtelecom.techtarget.com/definition/BGP
[Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
Support, T., Routing, I. and TechNotes, T. (2017). Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
Protocol. [online] Cisco. Available at:
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https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-
protocol-eigrp/16406-eigrp-toc.html [Accessed 4 Oct. 2017].
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