Cultural Tourism and Its Impact

This assignment delves into the multifaceted aspects of cultural tourism. It examines the influence of cultural tourism on destinations, communities, and individuals, highlighting both positive and negative impacts. The analysis encompasses topics such as economic benefits, preservation of heritage, social change, and environmental sustainability. Students are expected to critically evaluate the role of cultural tourism in shaping local identities, promoting understanding between cultures, and contributing to global development. Ethical considerations and sustainable practices within cultural tourism are also emphasized.

HERITAGE

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Analyzing the growth and development of heritage and culture industry within travel and
tourism ........................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Discussing potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources using
the case study of Lhasa, Tibet......................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Assessing the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of different
customers.....................................................................................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Evaluating the impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and
cultural sites.................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Analyzing the roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural
industry........................................................................................................................................7
TASK 4 ...........................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Evaluating methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural
industry for tourists .....................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Heritage and cultural is considered as identity of a country that attract external visitors. It
plays important role in Heritage and cultural tourism within an organization. In the process of
heritage and cultural tourism, public authorities and other organizations associated with tourism
business requires to consider various factors that are playing important role for influencing users
towards number of tourism actions (Anheiser, 2011). In the present era, travel and tourism
activities based on culture and heritage are playing important role for attainment of different
goals and objectives of public authorities that are having direct impact on overall growth and
employment opportunities within country.
This report will focus on work culture of heritage and cultural tourism with reference to
different destinations of the world that are popular for the cultural and heritage. This report is
going to evaluate different aspects of heritage and cultural tourism and importance of heritage
attractions which boosts the work culture of travel and tourism sector. This report also increases
understanding about the roles and responsibilities of diverse organisations and their importance
in development of the heritage and cultural industry.
TASK 1
1.1 Analyzing the growth and development of heritage and culture industry within travel and
tourism
The tourism industry of UK is playing important role in the overall economic growth and
development of country's economy. In this context, it has been evaluated that heritage and
cultural factor plays important role for attracting visitors from all over the world towards various
UK destinations. Furthermore, it is addressed that the heritage and cultural properties has played
important role in overall growth and development of travelling business and tourism actions that
are also giving significant support in the overall development of United Kingdom economic
system (Timothy, 2011). In addition to that the consideration of heritage and cultural aspects
within travel and tourism operations has played important in order to manage safety and security
of cultural. In past some years, it has addressed that the tour and travel business operators have
also expanded their business with reference of cultural and heritage tourism sector. This has also
facilitated the heritage and cultural sites to have great involvement in the tourism sector.
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Furthermore, it is evaluated that United Kingdom is one of the most popular destination
of the world which is well known for its several destinations and heritage sites which attract
diverse travellers from all over the world. The proportion of travel and tourism business is
increased to 12 % within the total value of UK GDP. Furthermore, travel and tourism industry of
UK is also offering more than twenty million jobs to UK citizens so as it plays important role in
development of new employment opportunities that results positive impact on the overall growth
and economic development of city (Korstanje and George, 2012). In the recent years, there is
significant expansion addressed in UK tourism industry that plays a key role in overall growth
and development of tourist business. It also influences various other factors within UK such as
advancement of the transport system, advancement in technology and improvement in various
markets, etc. Therefore, it can be stated that, the development of heritage and cultural tourism
have also developed new opportunists for economic and tourism growth of country. In the
context of cultural tourism, several events are organized such as music concerts, visual arts, art
gallery, etc. that plays important role in promotion of cultural tourism as per the distinct business
requirements (Samuel and Agyei, 2006). Furthermore, it is evaluated that the 1.01 billion pounds
to United Kingdom economic system has been contributed by cultural and heritage tourism.
Apart from that the public authority of UK is formulating various policies for enhancing the
collaborative working that played important role in overall growth and development of cultural
tourism. Furthermore, the Cultural tourism is also considered at the centre of many urban
regeneration strategies that play important role in rejuvenate existing cultural facilities and
creating new cultural centres. In addition to that Cultural tourism is also playing important in
order to attract the inward investment. It supports public authorities in development and growth
of cultural tourism.
Furthermore, it is examined that relationship between culture and tourism is widely
regarded as mutually beneficial for both aspects. This tourism based on the culture creates extra
revenue streams for both that provides significant assistance in order to sustain and enhances
cultural resources that results growth along with safety of cultural associated with particular
nation (The Development of Cultural Tourism: a Review of UK Experience, 2010). In this
context, it has been evaluated that London dominates the UK heritage scene along with the
several museums and galleries that are playing important role for promotion of UK heritage and
cultural attractions. The Tower of London is identified as one of the leading paid-for heritage
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attractions of UK which is visited more than 2 million visitors in a year. London’s Tate Modern,
British Museum and National Gallery are also visited by more than 5 million visitor marks that
indicate growth and importance of cultural tourism.
1.2 Discussing potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources using the
case study of Lhasa, Tibet
As per the case, Tibet is addressed as one the most popular worldwide tourism
destination which is offering wide range of tourism services monasteries, breath-taking high-
altitude treks and unique intangible culture. It is also having a rich tradition and culture with a
combination of religious temples, Dalai Lama as well as unique hospitality of Tibetian people.
The capital of Tibet is Lhasa which is addressed as most visited place in the country. In order to
visit rich culture, more than 10 million visitors every year visit the city from all over the world
(Cappelini, 2005). The public authority of China and various other private investors are investing
various projects such as theme park and hotels in order to attract visitors from all the over the
world. But, several conflicts rose in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources as well as
expansion of tourism business in Tibet. Some reason of conflicts is explained below: Campaign for the free Tibet: It is one of the most important reasons addressed that leads
conflict among several individual during conversation of interest. This is because Free
Tibet singled has boycott several international investment projects in the Tibet
Autonomous Region. The reason behind boycott is human right violations activities of
Chinese government as a result there is significant discrimination addressed in the
proposed hotel’s employment practices (Byrd, 2007). The discrimination could be taken
place against Tibetans who do not speak Chinese, and it links to a Sichuan real estate
magnate that Chinese media reported and has been convicted for corruption. Therefore, it
can be state that conflicts between local citizen of Tibet and the public authority of China
have created several issues of conflicts in promotion of cultural tourism along with
conversation of heritage resources.
 Destruction of traditions: As per the views of local citizen, it has found that development
of new theme park and hotels without consideration of traditions of Tibetans has created
conflicts among several stakeholders. This is because local citizen has argued that
different operations associated with the growth and development will marginalize the
importance of heritage in Tibet that results dissolution of domestic culture and heritage
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practices (Dodds and Graci, 2012). It also creates sense of fear among local citizen that
results conflict in conversation of heritage and cultural resources. Therefore, it can be
stated that conversation of culture in Tibet in dominance of China has been identified as
most crucial task.
TASK 2
2.1 Assessing the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of different
customers
In the every country, public authority develops various places and destinations that are
playing important role in order to meet requirements of different individuals. These places are
termed as heritage and cultural attractions. In the context of UK, British Museum and The
Natural History Museum have been addressed as most popular tourist destinations of UK that
play important role in order to promote different elements of culture, heritage and traditions.
British Museum
This is museum was founded in 1753. The British Museum has managed a remarkable
collection spans that are associated with the over two million years of human history. In this
place, consumers or visitors can enjoy a unique comparison of the different kinds of treasures
associated with different cultures of the world (Ingram and Grieve, 2013). This destination of
presents a wide range of world-famous objects such as the Rosetta stone, Parthenon sculptures
along with the Egyptian mummies. This destination of UK is visited by around six million
visitors per year. Along with the vast permanent collection, the museum’s also organizes special
exhibitions, displays as well as several other events in order to understanding of people about the
different cultures through a verity of collection.
The primary objective of the British Museum is helping the public to discover Britain’s
national treasure. This destination organizes various events and workshop as per the
requirements of children (The British Museum, 2016). In the context, Samsung Digital Discovery
Center within British Museum is organizing various free activities and workshops using the
latest Samsung digital equipment, enabling children to bring the world’s history and cultures to
life through advanced technology.
In this event, photography skills of children have been increased by arranging different
seminars and workshop. In addition to that this museum also supports researcher in order to carry
out research activities on human history. This Museum is managing the unique grade-one listed
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public galleries that are complemented with a suite of contemporary conference facilities (Pan,
2008). It is design designed by Lord Foster, with the help of various daytime and evening events,
guests and delegates will enjoy state-of-the-art facilities which are provided by Museum to
corporate clients along with government officials. The management of British Museum is also
offering active assistance to researcher and film makers in their project so as they can increase
their understanding about heritage and cultural aspects of country. By representing of cultural
element through films, understanding local citizen of UK can be increased about cultural and
traditional (Weaver, 2007). The management of British Museum is also selling various kinds of
products in all over the world through online channels. It includes antique jewelry, pen, diaries,
etc. All these products and traditional things are helping to Museum in order to promote the
culture and heritage of different parts of the world.
Natural History Museum
It is also identified as another rich destination of London which is securing several
antiques associated with the human and natural history and growth. It plays important role in
order to promote heritage cultural tourism of UK. The Natural History Museum of London
exhibits a vast range of specimens that are associated with the different segments of natural
history. This museum is situation on Exhibition Road in South Kensingto. This museum is
keeping several specimens associated with the life and earth science. It contains 80 million items
related to botany, entomology, mineralogy, paleontolog as well as zoology so as this place is
considered as a goldmine for scientific investigators who are working in previously mentioned
field (Natural History Museum, 2016). The museum is having world-renowned centre of
research which have gained significant specialization in taxonomy, identification as well as
conservation. By using vast collections along with the pioneering research program me, the
Museum is powerfully placed to engage audiences who are working in different fields of science
and technologies that play important role in developing of future technologies.
The primary purpose of Natural History Museum is to challenge thinking of people
about the natural world with reference to several findings of past, present and future. We aim to
stimulate public debate about humanity's future and equip our audiences at every level with an
understanding of science (Anheiser, 2011). This place is also organizing various exhibitions of
award winning photographers who are working natural science so as it is identified as great
platform for various wild life photographers in order to present their art along with research in
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front of top expert and general public. The museum have several gallerias in order to present
human evolution, Dinosaurs, big ancient mammals, earth surface etc. that are playing important
in order to attract external visitors towards the museum. In order to meet food requirements of
visitors, the museum is also offering food products that are family friendly and tasty. In this
destination, an individual can find vegetarian, gluten-free and dairy-free options too. The
management of museum strives to source products made from organic, recycled and sustainable
materials (Timothy, 2011). This management of museum provides significant support in
scientific research of different individuals who are passionate about understanding and protecting
the UK's wildlife. In this regard, wide range of training session is arranged by museum. This
administration of museum is also organizing wildlife Photographer of the Year.
This competition has organized for the honest and ethical wildlife photography. The
competition rewards artistic innovation, narrative skill and technical excellence of photographers
(Korstanje and George, 2012). These competition and exhibitions are playing important role in
order to increase awareness of people about different measures of environmental protection and
safety of wild life. By conducting detail research, this museum makes efforts in order to assess
growth and development of wild life and factors are creating negative impact on the development
of wild life. It supports public authorities in order to protect wild life in all over the world.
TASK 3
3.1 Evaluating the impact of different types of ownership on the management of heritage and
cultural sites
As per the detail analysis of different type of ownership on the management of heritage
and cultural sites, it has been found that most of the heritage and cultural attractions are mainly
governed by public authorities. Therefore, all the decisions desiccated with cultural and heritage
attractions management are mainly taken by the government authorities. For example: the public
authorities of UK are taking all kind of decision for handling of various operations within British
Museum and National History Museum. In this context, it has also been spotted that wide range
of private individuals or bodies are also taking active participation in the decision making
process as well as other management actions (Cultural Heritage Rights: from Ownership and
Descent to Justice and Well-being, 2013). Therefore, it can be stated that these sorts of
ownership are having a great impact on different operations as well as managerial operations that
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are mainly associated with the heritage and cultural sites. This also indicates that, the British
government actions and decisions will have great impact on different operations of the
controlling authorities of the British Museum and National History Museum
On the other hand, United Kingdom governance is also considered as one of most
important controlling body for controlling various activities and operations associated with the
heritage and cultural sites management. In this context, the UK governance has also elected a
director who will work as representative of public authorities. The director comprises all power
and responsibility for managing and controlling wide range of administrate actions such as
monitoring and control (Cappelini, 2005). In addition to that the Director is liable to government
for his actions and practices associated with the safety and security of heritage and cultural sites
along with the conversation of different specimen. This director is also developed different kinds
of annual reports and submitted to government officials for better evaluation of heritage and
cultural sites as well as proper monitoring of overall performance. It has also been spotted that
the governance authority for wide range of heritage and cultural sites is mainly appointed by
government in the form of a board of trustees.
The supervision or monitoring of heritage sites is carried out by public authorities with
some private firms for ensuring appropriateness of control system. In this context, It is evaluated
that that these kinds of governance and authorities make efforts for development of wide range
of appropriate strategies in order to generate optimistic outcome on management actions in
context of heritage and cultural attractions (Byrd, 2007). It also facilitates in maintaining some
standards and principles that are playing important role in growth and development of
destinations along with their popularity. As per the above assessment, it can be said that, the
Science Museum London is termed as best example of the one of heritage and cultural site that is
monitored by UK government so as it is considered publicly owned organizations. In the
contrary, trail-finder is being considered as a private ownership as it has partnership with UK
government.
3.2 Analyzing the roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry
In order to protect the culture and heritage, different kinds of departments are formulating
several strategies for attainment of objectives. Some most important departments associated with
the heritage and cultural industry is determined below:
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 The Department for Culture, Media & Sport (DCMS): This department is developing
various strategies in order to make Britain as a world’s most creative and exciting place
to live, travel and business. This department develops various strategies in order to
protect and promote the cultural and artistic heritage of UK that provides significant
assistance to different businesses and communities in order to expand business by
investing in innovation, technologies etc. It is also playing important for highlighting
Britain as great place for visitors (The Department for Culture, Media & Sport, 2016).
This department is responsible for making it easier for everyone to enjoy country's
national culture with an access to world-leading mobile and online communications
technologies so as promotion of rich cultural heritage and sports events can be carried
out. It also develops various strategies for developing a better environment for businesses
associated with media, creative, tourism and telecoms industries by reducing or removing
several restrictions. It is also providing several strategies for supporting innovation with
reference to interest of general citizen (Dodds and Graci, 2012). This department is also
responsible for protecting free access to cultural institutions, art and broadcasting which
is challenged by top business in market. It develops various policies for Government Art
Collection that plays important role in order to place the different elements art in British
government buildings and official residences around the world. This approach has found
very effective in order to promote British art and history along with culture and
traditions. The Secretary of State has overall responsibility for strategy and policy across
the Department for Culture, Media and Sport for managing various events associated
with arts and culture, broadcasting and media ownership and mergers.
 The National Trust: It is also addressed as The National Trust for Places of Historic
Interest or Natural Beauty. This organization is considered as a conservation organization
in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. This trust was founded in 1895 and several h
kinds of statutory powers are provided as per the National Trust Act 1907. This trust has
developed various strategies and splices in order to carry out conversation practices
within business entity (Ingram and Grieve, 2013). The primary objective of the trust is to
preserve and protect historic places and spaces. It is also responsible for managing
sustainable development in culture and heritage tourism. In the context of UK, National
Trust develops various policies for managing various heritage properties that include the
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historic houses and gardens, industrial monuments as well as social history sites which
have significant relationship with culture and heritage of country. National Trust is
addressed as one of the largest landowners within UK that is managing many types of
beauty spots that are open for the public without any charges. It has been found as a
largest membership organization in the United Kingdom.
TASK 4
4.1 Evaluating methods and media used for interpretation within the heritage and cultural
industry for tourists
Interpretation for the heritage and tourism sites is considered as most important aspect of
management of heritage and cultural sites. The management of British Museum and The Natural
History Museum has adopted different approach in order to convey key information about
different specimens which have been presented in museum (Dodds and Graci, 2012). A proper
interpretation would help visitors in order to assess great experience by knowing the importance
of the particular destinations.
Several methods or approaches have been adopted for interpretation British Museum and
The Natural History Museum so as people are able to assess significant information about the
cultural and heritage of these sites (Byrd, 2007). In this process, authorities of museums uses
wide range of media for ensuring the proper convey of information such as video and audio,
websites as well as visitors appoint guides. In addition to that different tools of print media have
been considered for promotion of the place that includes distributing books, templates, brochure,
and leaflets.
British Museums in London is adopted television, online websites, print media etc. as a
source of medium through which different understanding of different individuals can be
increased about the rich culture and tradition of these tourist sites. In addition to that these tools
have found very effective in promotion of upcoming events such as exhibitions, art competition
etc. In the contemporary ear, wide range of online systems are adopted by the government for
spreading information about different places destination along with different things which are
presented in the museum. In simile way, different kinds of Audio recording and visual clippings
are used by The Natural History Museum to increase understanding of people about the
museums (Cappelini, 2005). In addition to that these museums applies different online tools such
as websites, social media, blogs etc. to attract the tourist Government is using modern tools and
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techniques such as 3D technologies in order to present wide range information about natural
things and wildlife.
CONCLUSION
As per the above assessment, it can be concluded that the tourism based on culture and
heritage plays important role in order to tourism activities within a particular country. This study
has found that promotion of cultural tourism has played important role for ensuring safety and
sustainability of rich culture, traditions along with heritage. This report has found that different
tourist destinations offer wide range of services such as conference hall, film making etc. to meet
distinct requirements of several visitors.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Anheiser, H., 2011. Cultures and Globalization: Heritage, Memory and Identity. SAGE.
Byrd, E. T., 2007. Stakeholders in sustainable tourism development and their roles: applying
stakeholder theory to sustainable tourism development. Tourism Review. 62(2). pp.6-13.
Cappelini, J. H., 2005. Digital Applications for Cultural and Heritage Institutions. Ashgate
Publishing Ltd.
Dodds, R. and Graci. S., 2012. Sustainable Tourism in Island Destinations. Routledge.
Ingram, H. and Grieve, D., 2013. Exploring the nature and effects of perception and image in
hospitality and tourism. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes. 5(1). pp.7-13.
Korstanje, M. and George, B., 2012. Sustainable tourism and global warming: panacea, excuse,
or just an accidental connection?. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes. 4(4). pp.
383 –394.
Pan, B., 2008. Handbook of Consumer Behavior, Tourism, and the Internet. International
Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 20(6). pp.711–712.
Samuel and Agyei, M., 2006. Marketing its Colonial Heritage: A New Lease of Life for Cape
Coast, Ghana. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 30 (3). pp. 705-716.
Timothy, D.J., 2011. Cultural Heritage and Tourism An Introduction. Channel View
Publications.
Weaver, D., 2007. Sustainable Tourism. Routledge.
Online
Cultural Heritage Rights: From Ownership and Descent to Justice and Well-being. 2013.
[Online]. Available through:< http://muse.jhu.edu>. [Accessed on 19th January 2016].
Natural History Museum. 2016. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.nhm.ac.uk/visit/exhibitions.html>. [Accessed on 19th January 2016].
The British Museum. 2016. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.britishmuseum.org/visiting.aspx>. [Accessed on 19th January 2016].
The Department for Culture, Media & Sport. 2016. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-culture-media-
sport/about>. [Accessed on 19th January 2016].
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The Development of Cultural Tourism: A Review of UK Experience. 2010. [Pdf]. Available
through:<http://www.chios.aegean.gr/tourism/VOLUME_6_No2_art21.pdf>. [Accessed
on 19th January 2016].
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