Working Ethically

This report discusses the importance of work ethics, professional code of conduct, equality & fair treatment, ethical theories & approaches, and laws of equality and diversity. It focuses on the case of Elderly, an organization in Liverpool that provides various types of care. The main features of a professional code of conduct for staffs are outlined, including respect for laws and regulations, respect for people, prevention of conflicts of interest, transparency and integrity of information, internal control and audit, improvement of efficiency and management, and accountability. The report also explores different ethical theories and approaches, such as consequentialist, egoism, utilitarianism, non-utilitarian theories, equality approach, and dignity approach. Additionally, it discusses the laws of equality and diversity, emphasizing the importance of treating all individuals equally and valuing diversity.

Working Ethically
Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1) Main features of relevant professional code of conduct for staffs and equality & fair
treatment......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................6
2) Ethical theories and approaches:.............................................................................................6
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................7
3) Determine the laws of equality and diversity.........................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
.......................................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Work ethics involves rules and regulations which are need to be follow by an
organisation for the effective working culture and management. It makes the smoother and easy.
In this report chose organisation is Elderly and it is situated at Liverpool. It involves various
types care of such as: residential, nursing, dementia, palliative and respite care. The aim of
company is to take care people and their interest. It covers the following topics which are as
follows: key features of professional code of conduct for staffs and ethics related to equality&
fair treatment and ethical theories & approaches at workplaces. Apart from this, report also
discuss about equality and diversity laws in United Kingdom.
TASK 1
1) Main features of relevant professional code of conduct for staffs and equality & fair treatment
Ethics are the set of moral principles which includes theory and system of moral vales.
For the growth of business it is important so that employees can work as per the regulations and
instruction so it maximize efficiency. Health care ethics includes beliefs and values which is
required to take-care the health of persons. It is important for health care industry to examine
patents properly so that they feel fit and healthy and also gives suggestions regarding how they
can become healthy. It also includes:
Autonomy: Respect the rights of patients to so that hey can make its own decision.
Non-maleficence: To do no harm.
Justice: To be fair and treat like cases alike.
Elderly is from Liverpool and its staffs are very friendly, kind and helpful. Organisation
is involves in various types of care such as: residential, dementia, nursing, mental health problem
etc. Reputation is good because it take care the persons very well and also satisfy the needs and
wants. Professional code of conducts are necessary to follow by staffs and it is made by an
organisation. It frame general outlines that how workers have to behave and work so that work
can be done smoothly. It is useful because it provides guidelines for handling issues like safety&
health, harassment and conflicts of interest (Professional code of conduct. 2018). Through it
staffs become responsible and follow their duties as per the need of company. Main features of
professional code of conducts for workers are as follows:

Respect for laws and regulations: Is helps the employees to respect and follows employment
laws and environment. As a result all workers can be treated equally and it helps an organisation
to make effective decisions regarding how they can make more flexible rules so that all staffs can
easily follow the laws related to professional code of conduct (Parrott, 2014).
Respect for people: Prevent the discriminations on the basis of gender inequality so that staffs
feel comfortable to work because of fair treatment. Elderly can take ethical decisions that they
can treat equal to its employees so that their willingness can increase towards their work.
Prevention of conflicts of interest: Professional code of conduct prevent the conflicts among
employer and employees and it maximize the equality in organisation. Company can take ethical
decisions that it always protect the interest of their workers.
Transparent and integrity of information: Transparency can be increased by professional
code of conduct as a result relevant information can be communicate to the employees. It reflect
the ethical decision of Elderly that it is able to make transparency in its organisation and it brings
the equality among workers.
Internal control and audit: It employees follows the professional code of conduct than it
makes effective internal control. Staffs can follow the regulations, policies, procedure which
leads the operational efficiency. It shows that Elderly able to take ethical decisions that's why
its workers can able follow the rules and regulations. For all members there are same policies
and rules which reflect the equality and fair treatment among employees.
Improve efficiency: If staffs properly follow the rules and work as per the requirement of
organisation than targets can be achieve timely. Rules of professional code of conduct can be
same for all employees which reflects the ethical decision of Elderly. It leads the equality and
fair treatment among employees (Nardin and Mapel, 2016).
Improve management: Professional code of conduct improve the management in the
organisation because all staffs can perform their roles and duties as per the demand of company.
Elderly take decisions ethically which is for the benefit of employees as well as organisation and
it helps to the better management.
Helps the organisation to achieve its goal: Professional code of conduct can provides help to
the organisation regarding accomplishment of its objectives. Employees can perform its duties as
per the values and morales of Elderly so that it can achieve the goal. It does not break the morals

and beliefs which shows the ethical decision of organisation. All staffs have to perform as per the
ethics which brings the equality among workers.
Accountability: Professionals are accountable to its actions which are taken by them. If they
done a mistake than they are responsible to rectify it and it is the feature of professional code of
conduct. If a person says that it is not accountable for their action than Elderly can take ethical
decision and insist that employee to resolve the problem. It can brings the equality among the
staffs (Ess and Jones, 2017).
Competence: Professional code of conduct strive the employees to become expert in their field
in which they are working. Elderly does not select those staffs who do not work properly as per
the requirement of organisation. It is the ethical decision of it which shows the fair treatment of
company towards workers.
Organisational culture: Those employees who are professional than they follow the
organisational culture and work according to it and this is the feature of professional code of
conduct. That is ethical decision of Elderly because it is mandatory for all the workers to perform
as per the culture of it otherwise they will fired. It shows that organisation is treating equal to
their staffs and doing fair treatment.
Shortcoming of professional code of conduct are as follows:
 Legal and cultural challenge because it is align with the law if organisation does not
aware about relevant laws than professional code of conduct cannot be implemented
properly (Jakobsen, 2013).
 Time involvement is more because Elderly have to control and monitor the activities of
person that they are performing according to the code of conduct or not.
 It creates the inequality among the employees because there are different code of conduct
as per the designation and role of employees in the organisation.
Personal skills are those skills which maximize the ability and capability of an employee so that
work can be done effectively and organisation can accomplish its objectives. As a result its
dignity can be improve because it provide fruitful results to the company (Diener and Crandall,
2018).

TASK 2
2) Ethical theories and approaches:
Ethics are the beliefs, values and morals which is needed to be follow by a person as well
organisation. It is based on fundamental principles of decent human conduct and involves study
of universal values such as required equality of all persons. If work can be done according to it
than goal and objectives can be achieve effectively. There are various ethical theories and
approaches which are as follows:
Consequentialist: This theory is based on the consequences and the actions. If they are
bad, the action is wrong. The lady was standing at the bus stand and met with his friend after that
it makes a call to a persons and saying that someone will be coming to drop a parcel off with her
at the bus stand, within 10 minutes. But there is no negative effects of that so it does not a wrong
ethical behaviour (Rowson, 2018). This issue can be solve when the lady does not talk about the
parcel which is deliver by someone. This theory is divided into two parts such as:
Egoism: This theory describes that equates morality with self interest is known as egoism
and does not focus what other persons are saying. According to it all persons should let self
interest guide his conduct. The lady was standing and taking to his friend at bus stand and after
that it makes a call to someone a talking about a parcel. This is the personal matter of lady so
anyone does not have right to interfere in the matter. This issue can be solve when police
investigate the whole matter and provides the valuable outcome (Buchanan and Hvizdak, 2016).
Utilitarianism: This theory says that ethical actions are those which provides the
greatest balance of good over evil. It focus on to analyse the issue and after that take an action to
solve it. The lady is standing at the bus stand and looking nervous and talking about a parcel and
its dressing style is also indicate about wrong intentions. Women is talking to someone about a
parcel at a public place. It creates the doubts because all incidents has happened in a busy town
centre and in the parcel there can a bomb or hazardous thing which can affect the people. It is not
an ethical behaviour because those people who are watching this they feel uncomfortable and
unsafe. To solve the issue persons can call the police so that all matter can be investigated
properly and if the intension of that lady is wrong than it can be punished.
Non utilitarian theories: This ethical theory describes that if a person knows that its
behaviours is wrong and it can affect the persons than it should not behave in this manner. The
lady is standing at the public place and talking about about a parcel which is going to be deliver

within 10 minutes. If women knows that this incident can be judge by persons in a wrong way
than it does not do this whole things at the bus stand because people can think it can be a bomb.
To solve this issue a person can call the police so that is can resolve the whole matter and if
intension of that women is not good than it can be punished.
Approaches of ethics are as follows:
Equality approach: This approach discuss about the rights and equality which is given
to him by the constitution of country. It includes right to speak, visit and express the views. The
women is waiting at a bus stand and wearing a hoody and dark sun glass. Lady is talking to the
friend and saying to someone to drop a parcel off with her. It is the personal matter of that lady
and it can to anyone at anywhere. The person who is notice the whole matter does not know that
it is the personal matter of that lady and it can do the things as per the its own choice. So person
can call the police to solve the matter which is notice by him (Smith and Boyd, 2016).
Dignity approach: Dignity approach refers to the right to protection of dignity of
humans. According to this persons have a right to live, to integrity of the people and not to be
slavery or forced labour. The lady is waiting at the bus stand and taking to its friend and it can
be the personal matter of both. If a person who notice the whole incident and call the police than
the whole matter has investigated. As a result it found that lady is normally taking to his friend
and the alligation is not right and it can affect the dignity of that women (Bos and Willmott,
2016).
Personal skills assessment outcome can be continuous professional development. It is the
process of tracking and documenting the skills, experience and knowledge which can be gain by
training. This focuses on the development of the ability and capability so that efficiency can be
enhanced. It is the continuous process in which training is given so the workers so that they can
perform as per the needs of organisation. Through it work can be done on time and productivity
can be maximize. As a result company can achieve its objectives and goals.
Personal development plan
What do I want to
learn?
What do I need to
do?
What support and
resources will I
need?
How will I know
if I have achieved
my objectives ?
Target date for
review.
Ethics about
equity
I need to take
training from my
I need support
from my colleges,
When I get equal
salary as all
Approx 3 months

mentors. mentor and work
force of
organisation.
employees than I
have achieve my
objectives.
TASK 3
3) Determine the laws of equality and diversity
Laws are the rules and regulations which are approved by the government of a country
and which are in force over a specific location. It should be follow by all persons in the nation. If
a person does not work as per the laws than it can be punished or fined. It can be related to the
civil and criminal matters. Through this legal compel can be created and people have to work
according to the obligations. There are various laws which can be follow by the companies and
they have to perform its duties as per it.
Law of equality: It refers that all persons are equal before the court and tribunal and
there can be no discrimination on the basis of caste, region, sex etc.
Law of diversity: Diversity is about accredit, valuing and respecting the differences
among people and it means treating persons as individuals.
In first job organisation is looking for three candidates with a degree in any discipline to
undertake for the 2 year management training programme in the local council. Those persons
who are able to take initiative and have the confidence to relate the people at all levels within
council. It is legal and follow the equality and diversity laws because this job is open for all
African women aged between 18- 30 years. There is no discrimination on the basis of
employment type, salary or designation (Banks, 2013).
In second job placement are offered to the students who are graduates. To be consider for
the placement age must be minimum 18. The persons is able to demonstrates a genuine interest
in IT & communication. The aim of job is to introduce young persons. But organisation does not
take application from those candidates who are already experienced. It is not a legal act of
company it is not following the equality and diversity laws in UK. Company can not make
differentiate on the basis of experience or non experience. There are various reasons which can
help to decide the legality. Diversity and equality law of United Kingdom are as follows:

Equality and diversity law: According to the equality act 2010, it protect the rights of
persons and restrict the discrimination in the workplace and the society. It overcomes the
previous anti- discrimination laws. It makes easy to understand and strengthening protection in
some situations. By this law unlawful treatment can be reduce. It has following points such are:
There is no discrimination on the basis of caste and sex.:
As the discrimination is very common now days at workplace. The people are
discriminated on the basis of caste, colour and gender. So to prevent from these, there are
different laws which are formulated by government in order to prevent employees and people.
All persons are equal in front of court or law tribunals.
As per the laws there is no difference between people whether the person is a male or
female, rich or poor etc. All persons are equal and same in the eye of court. As this kind of laws
are very helpful for smooth functioning of laws. The law should never do partiality among
people because every one go to court to get justice.
No discrimination on the basis of pay sale
There are various companies who pay their employees according to gender like Male will
get higher salary and women will get lower salary irrespective of same post. So there are laws
which prevent companies to do this kind of activity. The reason behind gender pay gap is that
companies thinks male are more hard worker and they will contribute to company for long time
period. As they considered male as flexible employees also as they are ready to travel without
any barriers. So these are some reason for gender pay gap.
Right to work, speak and travel in the country.
The democracy is very important for the people of nation as one should have right to
work, right to speak and travel around the country. There are laws which allows people to live
freely in country. As everyone have right to work where they want to do, right to speak when and
travel in country where they want to travel in country (Austin, 2007).
Laws are made by the government of United Kingdom. It has power to decide what is
right and what is wrong. Constitution of UK gives the power to the government so that it can
make rules and regulations in the country and it is mandatory to follow by all persons who lives
in that nation.

CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been concluded that working ethics are mandatory to be
follow by the organisation so that work can be done smoothly and efficiently. Elderly can make
professional code of conduct so that all staffs can perform as per the rules and regulations of it
and it helps in decision making and workers can be treated equal by the company. Theories and
approaches of ethics can instruct and guide the persons so that they can behave and work
ethically. From the equality and diversity law a company can treat its workers equal. As a result
employees feel happy to work in the corporation and it maximize the efficiency and
productivity .
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Austin, W., 2012. The ethics of everyday practice: Healthcare environments as moral
communities. Advances in Nursing Science. 30(1). pp.81-88.
Banks, S., 2013. Ethics, accountability, and the social professions.
Bos, R. T. and Willmott, H., 2016. Towards a post‐dualistic business ethics: interweaving reason
and emotion in working life. Journal of Management Studies. 38(6). pp.769-793.
Buchanan, E. A. and Hvizdak, E. E., 2016. Online survey tools: Ethical and methodological
concerns of human research ethics committees. Journal of Empirical Research on
Human Research Ethics. 4(2). pp.37-48.
Diener, E. and Crandall, R., 2018. Ethics in social and behavioral research. U Chicago Press.
Ess, C. and Jones, S., 2017. Ethical decision-making and Internet research: Recommendations
from the aoir ethics working committee. In Readings in virtual research ethics: Issues
and controversies (pp. 27-44). IGI Global.
Jakobsen, J. R., 2013. Working alliances and the politics of difference: Diversity and feminist
ethics. Indiana University Press.
Nardin, T. and Mapel, D. R. eds., 2015. Traditions of international ethics (Vol. 17). Cambridge
University Press.
Parrott, L., 2014. Values and ethics in social work practice. Learning Matters.
Rowson, R., 2018. Working ethics: How to be fair in a culturally complex world. Jessica
Kingsley Publishers.
Smith, J. A. and Boyd, K. M., 2016. Lives in the balance: The ethics of using animals in
biomedical research: The report of a working party of the institute of medical ethics.
Suchman, M. C., 2106. Working without a net: The sociology of legal ethics in corporate
litigation. Fordham L. Rev.67. p.837.

Online
Professional code of conduct. 2018. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.betterteam.com/code-of-ethics-and-professional-conduct>