Working with and Leading People: A Comprehensive Guide to Effective Management and Leadership

This report delves into the crucial aspects of working with and leading people within an organization, focusing on the principles of effective management and leadership. It explores the skills and attributes needed for successful leadership, the differences between leadership and management, and various leadership styles suitable for different situations. The report also examines motivational theories and strategies for motivating staff to achieve objectives, along with the benefits of teamwork and the importance of planning, monitoring, and assessing work performance. Through a case study of C. & J International Ltd., a UK-based shoe manufacturer, the report provides practical insights into the application of these concepts in a real-world business setting.

Working with and Leading People

Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 4
Task 1.......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Prepare documentation to select and recruit a new member of staff (Store Manager).......5
1.2 Assess the impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations to the recruitment and
selection process.....................................................................................................................7
1.3 Take part in the selection process......................................................................................8
1.4 The recruitment and selection process may sometimes be ineffective and unfair. Explore
the possible reasons for ineffective and unfair recruitment practices in selection and
recruitment............................................................................................................................... 9
Task 2........................................................................................................................................ 10
2.1 Explain the skills and attributes needed for leadership.....................................................11
2.2 Explain the difference between leadership and management......................................12
2.3 Compare leadership styles for different situations............................................................14
2.4 Explain ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives........................................................15
M1 Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions................................................17
M2 Select / design and apply appropriate methods / techniques............................................18
D1 Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions.........................19
Task 3........................................................................................................................................ 20
3.1 Assess the benefits of team working for Clarks................................................................20
3.2 Demonstrate working in a team as a leader and member towards specific goals, dealing
with any conflict or difficult situations......................................................................................21
3.3 Review the effectiveness of the team in achieving the goals............................................22
Task 4........................................................................................................................................ 23
4.1 Explain the factors involved in planning the monitoring and assessment of work
performance........................................................................................................................... 23
4.2 plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of individuals.......................24

4.3 evaluate the success of the assessment process.............................................................25
D2 The responsibility of forming a team of 4 members for the restructuring project...............26
D3 Demonstrate an alternative strategy that you would adopt to assess the work and
development needs of individuals to improve employee’s low performance at Clarks............27
Conclusion................................................................................................................................. 28
References................................................................................................................................ 29

Introduction
Working with and leading people in an organisation is an essential task and is required
to be taken care of by the company as the employees are the most important assets of
the company. With effective management and giving directions to the employees, the
company can ensure increment in productivity, selection and retention processes which
can help the company to excel and foster in the business environment. The report that
has been presented below is inclusive of the critical analysis of processes that take
place in C. & J International Ltd.
C. & J International Ltd. is UK based shoe manufacturer that is operating in the global
arena. The company has more than 1000 stores worldwide which makes it even more
essential to manage and lead the human resource of the company towards the
attainment of the organisational goals.
Image Source: C. & J International Ltd. (2018)

Task 1
1.1 Prepare documentation to select and recruit a new member of
staff (Store Manager).
Job Advert
Role Title: Store Manager - Clarks (C. & J Clark international Ltd)
Store Name: Clarks Shoes
Type of Role: Perm
Working Hours: Full-time (8 Hours)
Remuneration and Benefit: £20.000 - £25,000
Closing Date: 01/04/2018
Working Here
The position of Store Manager of this organisation requires an individual to manage and
direct the team for achieving its goals. An essential role will be played by such individual
in making Clark’s one of renowned brand of the UK.
The Role
The store manager of Clark’s will be leading the team of Clark’s Shoes. Lively and
friendly environment will be created by you and every customer will be welcomed here.
About You
As per the requirement of the job, good leadership skills along with communication skills
are required to lead the team of this store and entertain the customers properly.

Life with Clark’s
It is an organisation which was established in Somerset in the late Eighteenth century
with a small store on the street. Growing from there, this organisation is operating in 75
countries with 15000 employees.
Social Media
Visit us on Clark’s Career.com, follows us on twitter and facebook.
Link to the site: https://apply.clarksjobs.com/vacancies/ (Clarks Jobs, 2018).

1.2 Assess the impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations
to the recruitment and selection process.
The impact of legal and regulatory considerations
The impact of legal and regulatory consideration in the business environment of Clarks
can be analysed by taking into consideration the Equality Act, 2010 in which there are
certain regulations such as Equal Pay Act, 1970, Disability Discrimination Act, 1995,
Sex Discrimination Act, 1975 etc. The impacts have been stated below as follows:
 Due to the implementation of Sex Discrimination Act, the company cannot reject
the employees and candidate just because of their gender.
 With the implementation of Race Relations Act, 1976, the company is in no
position to reject the candidates or bias them on the basis of their caste or
religion (Bratton & Gold, 2017).
Impact of Ethical Considerations on various stages
The impact of law in the stage of advertising can be analysed such that the
advertisement cannot be made which is discriminative on the basis of race, ethnicity,
race, gender, etc. the HR manager has to make sure no rules are violated.
At the time of interview stage, the HR manager is in no position to manipulate the
interests of the candidate and recruitment/ rejection should only be done keeping in
mind the competencies and skills of the candidates (Weimer & Vining, 2017).

1.3 Take part in the selection process
The selection process of Clark’s involves series of steps i.e.
 Advertisement
 Consideration of applicant and short-listing of applicants
 Conducting Interviews
 Offering the position to the selected candidate
Under this part, the questions asked during the interview are listed which are:
 The interview will start with asking the general information i.e. name, age, family
background, etc. of the applicant.
 After that, the qualification of the applicant will be asked along with supporting
certificates, degrees, etc.
 Questions related to the work of the company will be asked like what is the work
of Clark’s and its operation in different countries.
 Why you should be selected. What skills you have which is suitable for the job.
 If the interview panel is satisfied with the applicant, then the job will be offered to
the selected applicant.

1.4 The recruitment and selection process may sometimes be
ineffective and unfair. Explore the possible reasons for ineffective and
unfair recruitment practices in selection and recruitment
There are various reasons for which the recruitment and selection process becomes
ineffective and unfair which are as follows:
 Discrimination between the applicants which may be based on race, color,
gender, etc.
 Applicants applying as a reference of top management.
 Interviews are not conducted in professional ways.
 Lack of good interviewers or inability of the interviewers to assess the applicants
properly (Times Higher Education (THE), 2018).
It is recommended that:
 Proper advertisement of the post must be published by the company.
 Short listing of the applicants must be done on the basis of their skills.
 Interviewers with assessing skills must conduct the interviews.
 No discrimination must be made and applicants must be selected without any
biases.

Task 2
Introduction
This report contains the significance of the leadership, motivation, and management
of the workforce in an organisation operating under ever-changing business
environment. Various skills are required for leadership which will be discussed in this
part. Leaders working in an organisation adopt various styles to direct and supervise the
workforce. Moreover, a comparison is made between management and leadership.

2.1 Explain the skills and attributes needed for leadership.
Leaders play a significant role in the working of the company. Under Clark’s, it is
essential that leader must direct the workforce to perform according to the plans which
help to achieve the organisational goals.
There are various skills and attributes that are needed to be possessed by an individual
to be an effective leader. They are as follows:
Communication: It is the basic requirement of the post. For being an effective leader, it
is necessary that such leader have good communication skills. This is significant as the
aims set and plans made by the management of the company are to be informed or
communicated to the staff of the company. In relation to such plans and aims, directions
and supervision are provided by the leaders. This requires effective communication
skills. This is also essential for achieving the goals of the organisation. As Clark’s is an
organisation manufacturing shoe which requires coordination between various activities
and staff. A proper direction from leader helps to accomplish the organisational goals
(Cornelissen and Cornelissen, 2017).
Inspiration: One of the skills which are required to be possessed by a leader is the
ability to inspire the workers. This helps the workers to perform their task effectively.
This also makes the workers work hard and form an effective team.
Confidence: It is the most vital skills which are to be possessed by any individual which
includes a leader. There may be some situations in which things won’t go according to
the plan. Under such situations, it is the confidence of the leader by which such
situations can be overcome (Bolman and Deal, 2017).
Risk Taking: For growing in this competitive environment, it is essential that risk must
be taken by the leader. However, such risk must be calculated, the consequences of
which can be reduced by making precautionary plans. A leader must take the risk for
the benefits of the organisation and its staff.

2.2 Explain the difference between leadership and management.
Leadership and management are essential aspects of the organisation and are
necessary for the successful operations of the organisation. These both sometimes are
used together but are different from each other. A comparison is made below between
leadership and management:
Basis Leadership Management
Definition It is the ability of an
individual to direct and
motivate the workers to
achieve organisational
goals (The Balance, 2018).
It can be defined as a
method of managing and
controlling the workforce of
the organisation.
Aims It aims at leading the
workers by motivating them
to work (Goetsch and
Davis, 2014).
It aims at making goals
which are to be achieved by
the staff and plans are
made which are to be
followed to achieve those
set goals.
Wants Leadership is also focused
on achieving individual’s
goals along with
organisational goals.
Management is focused on
the result i.e. accomplishing
goals of the organisation.
Concern Leadership is concerned
with performing such act
which is right.
Management is concerned
with being right as all the
goals and plans are made

by the management of the
company (Johnston and
Marshall, 2016).
Approach The approach used in
leadership is providing
supervision and direction to
the workforce.
The approach used in
management is developing
an effective plan for every
activity.
It can be understood with the help of an example i.e. leaders are those individuals which
possess leadership skills and is focused on providing direction to the workers and
motivating them to work whereas managers are those individuals who develop the plan
for the set objectives and controls the activity of the workers. The same is done under
Clark’s.
Image Source: Lolly Daskal, 2018.

2.3 Compare leadership styles for different situations
To be an effective leader, it is essential that different styles of leadership must be
adopted by such individual. Some of the most common leadership styles are:
Autocratic: Under this style, the decisions are made by the leader without
communicating or discussing with others. The decisions made like this are to be
followed by the workers. This leadership style is useful for the organisation which
requires a limited level of skills. This style is most commonly used in military and other
related organisations (Goleman, 2017).
Democratic (Participative): Under this style, inputs are invited by the leader from the
workers. This means opinions of the workers are considered while making a decision.
This provides a high level of job satisfaction to the workforce and it promotes the
innovative working environment. However, this leadership style not suitable for the
organisation whereas quick decisions are required to be made (Vance, 2016).
Transformational: Under this style, workers are highly motivated with the help of
effective communication of the leader. It can be considered that the best worker of the
team is used as an inspiration for other workers.
Situational: Under this style, a variety of styles is used by the leaders depending upon
the modification or changes in the situations. It is most suitable for the businesses which
depend upon the fluctuation in the market.
It is recommended that out of all the style mentioned above, democratic style must be
adopted by the leader as it involves the opinion of the workers and provides them
satisfaction about their involvement in making significant decisions. As the operations of
the organisation revolve around the workers, it is essential that they must be satisfied.
However, it is not same in the application of autocratic style as decisions are made by
the leader itself and opinion of workers are not taken.

2.4 Explain ways to motivate staff to achieve objectives.
There are various motivational theories which are adapted for motivating the employee
to work and accomplish objectives and goals. Some of these are mentioned below:
 Communication with the employees: as it is discussed above that
communication are the most basic and most essential for enhancing the
performance of the workers. It is necessary that the workers have the knowledge
that they are the important part of the organisation. It is essential that the issues
or grievances of the workers are solved by the leaders. This provides a level of
comfort and satisfaction to the workers and which motivates the employees to
contribute to the organisational goals (HuffPost, 2018).
 Rewards and Incentives: Employees are motivated when the organisation
offers good incentive and rewards. Earning money is the basic necessity of the
workers to satisfy their basic necessities. When rewards and incentives are
offered for good performance of the tasks, then employees get motivated
(Roberthalf.co.uk, 2018).
 Involvement of the employees in decision making: As mentioned above
under democratic leadership style that employees get motivated when the
decision is made based on their opinions. Power of taking minor decisions must
be delegated to the responsible employees so that managers or leaders are not
disturbed for making minor decisions (Team, U, 2018).
In Clark’s, the employees are motivated on the basis of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
theory which depicts the different level of needs. It is explained in this theory that when
one level of needs are satisfied, then an individual moves towards next level and so on.
This needs theory includes five levels of needs:
 Physiological Needs: this involves needs of food, shelter, drinks, air, etc.
 Safety Needs: This involves needs of security, law, freedom, protection from
various essentials.
 Love and Belongingness Needs: This involves friendship, acceptance, trust,
etc.

 Esteem Needs: This includes reputation, recognition of the individual.
 Self-actualization: This involves self-growth, realizing personal and professional
potential.
Image Source: Simply Psychology, 2017.

M1 Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions.
There are various issues which are faced by the management of the company, one of
which is labor turnover. This means the number of employees leaves from the
organisation during the course of one year. There are various ways which are adopted
by the management of the company to reduce the labor turnover which is as follows:
 Providing a comfortable working environment for the employees.
 Offering various benefits, incentives, and rewards to the employees.
 Offering opportunities to enhance their career.
 Resolving the issues and problems of the employees.
 Providing balance to the employees in professional and personal life.
 Motivating employees and direct them to perform their tasks effectively.
Some of these ways are also adopted by the Clark’s to lessen the rate of labor turnover.

M2 Select / design and apply appropriate methods / techniques
In accordance with the methods mention in 2.4, Communication with the employees is
an effective way to develop coordination and cooperation and within the three levels of
management and motivates employees in these level. Clark’s is an organisation chosen
for explaining this.
Directors: These are professionals who are responsible for the working of an
organisation. Director works on behalf of the company and takes decisions, make
contracts, etc. It is essential that decisions are also made taking the interest of
employees in consideration. This motivates the employees.
Managers: these are the individuals that manage the activities of the company. It is
essential that communication with the employees is made to inform them about the
goals that are needed to be accomplished. Issues of the employees are to be solved by
the managers and it motivates them.
Supervisor: These are those persons which direct and supervise the workforce. They
motivate the employees by directing them towards the goals.

D1 Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid
conclusions
There is the difference between the working of a leader and a manager. However, there
are some of the qualities of manager which are required to be possessed by a leader
which are as follows:
 A leader must learn how to properly manage the work.
 When the performance of the operations doesn’t go as per framed plans, then
such leader must know how to make alternate plans.
 Sometimes, it is necessary that leader must have some stability in the working
just as managers.
Conclusion
It is concluded in accordance with the discussion made above that both the individuals
i.e. leaders and managers are essential for managing and leading the operations of the
company. They make sure that the objectives or goals of the organisation are achieved
by the workforce.

Task 3
Introduction
This part contains the benefits which are available to an individual by working in a team.
There are various things which are learned by an individual while working in a team.
Moreover, it is the team the efforts of which make the completion of task on time.
3.1 Assess the benefits of team working for Clarks.
The prime benefit of working as a team is that it permits the companies like Clark’s to
accomplish the goals or objectives which cannot be accomplished by an individual.
However, there are more benefits which are as follows:
 Fast Completion: If the work is allotted to a team then an individual, then such
work will be completed quickly if performed by a team.
 High Efficiency: It is well known that a team is more effective than an individual
as the team is a group of individuals working toward same goals.
 Innovative and Creative Ideas: As a group of individuals, there are various
ideas which may come up from different individuals. This improves the working
environment of the company.
 Recognition outside and within the team: If a team performs well, then
recognition is provided to the whole team highlighting the efforts made by every
member of the team (Hollingsworth and Johnstone, 2014).
From the above benefits, it can be seen that working in a team is more beneficial for the
employees of Clark’s then working individually.

3.2 Demonstrate working in a team as a leader and member towards
specific goals, dealing with any conflict or difficult situations
As per the given scenario, there are two applicants with same skills and knowledge
level. Only one has to be selected. It is the duty of the HR manager to select a best
suitable candidate for the vacant position. There are various ways of testing the skills of
candidates, one of which is to assign similar work to both the candidates and only that
candidate will be selected who have completed the work as per the requirement of the
employer.
There is a certain situation in which conflict occurs between the employer and the
employees. This must be solved by communicating the issues with each other so that
an effective solution of the issue can be found. Issues will be considered as resolved
when both the parties come to a mutually agreed point.

3.3 Review the effectiveness of the team in achieving the goals.
In this competitive and aggressive business world, there are various teams, the works of
which are divided as per their expertise i.e. different department of the Clark’s. The
teams of the company are performing effectively and efficiently as per the strategies or
plans which are made by the management of the company. It is essential that members
of these teams have skills and knowledge regarding the task assigned to them so that it
can be performed on time and with making optimum utilisation of the resources.
Along with having the knowledge, it is necessary that the members of the teams respect
each other so that decorum of the organisation can be maintained. Moreover, in case
there are some issues which are faced by the members of the team, then such issues
must be communicated to the managers or the head of that team who must take proper
steps to solve the same.
For effective working of the employees under Clark’s, proper training is provided and
various development programs are organised. This helps the employees to develop
skills which are needed for the performance of the task.
All these results in achieving the goals of the organisation, increase the sale of products
of the Clark’s and helps to generate more profits for the company.

Task 4
4.1 Explain the factors involved in planning the monitoring and
assessment of work performance.
It is essential for accomplishing the organisational goals and objectives, that the tasks
are performed in accordance with the plans made along with the effective working of the
workforce. However, the performance of the workers is to be monitored and assessed
so that training can be provided to the workers to improve and enhance their
performance skills. This will also provide knowledge to the workers about the ways of
performing the task.
There are various factors which are to be considered while planning, monitoring,
assessing the performance of the workers:
Planning: It is essential that tasks or work which is to be allocated to the workers is to
be planned by the manager of that department. Such task must be performed in
accordance with the plans made by the management of the company. Moreover, it is
necessary that the key responsibilities of the workers are informed to them properly
(Bryson, 2018).
Monitoring: After assigning the task to the workers, it is essential that such task must
be performed as per the planned schedule. For that, the performance of the workers will
be monitored so that it can be checked that plans are followed. This will also provide
information to the managers about the style of working of the workers.
Assessing: While the performance of the task is constituted by the worker, it is
necessary that the activities of the workers must be assessed by the managers. Various
factors like multi-tasking, utilisation, and wastage of resources, etc. must be assessed
under this.

4.2 plan and deliver the assessment of the development needs of
individuals.
Aims of the plan
 Identifying the need for enhancement of the Store Manager.
Focus
 Improving the skills of the store manager to lead the staff and to entertain the
customers.
Responsible Personnel
 The duty of HR Manager to identify the area where improvement is required.
Attainment
 By organising training programs.
 Monitoring the performance of the manager.
 Development program to improve required skills.
Outcomes
 Job satisfaction to the store manager.
 Improves the sale of the store.
 Rise in revenues and profits.

4.3 evaluate the success of the assessment process.
It is necessary that the evaluation of the implementation of the plan must be done.
There is a various method of evaluating the success of the plan, most commonly used
methods are:
Increase in Sale of the company: Once the plan is completed, the information
regarding the sale of the product of the company. If the number of sale rises with the
passing time, then the plan will be considered successful.
Rise in revenues and profits: Under this, once the sale is increased, it will result in a
rise in the generation of more revenues and profits. This is beneficial for both i.e. the
company and the employees as the company will provide good incentives along with
more faculties (Pdfs.semanticscholar.org, 2018).
Increase in productivity of the employee: The plan made above will be considered
successful if there is an increase in productivity of the employee. This means the
employee has learned and gained skills and knowledge which are required for the job.

D2 The responsibility of forming a team of 4 members for the
restructuring project.
A team is formed for restructuring project which includes 4 personnel which are as
follows:
Project Manager: It is the duty of this manager to prepare a plan for project
management and to establish communication channels between various functional
managers.
Facilities Manager: This manager work for identifying the areas which require
restructuring and the cost allocation for such restructuring.
HR Manager: It is the duty of HR Manager to identify the needs of various departments,
requiring different employees with different skills. He also comes up with the creation of
new roles for the employees
IT Manager: This manager works to establish I.T. operation in the whole organisation
so that whole operation of the company becomes centralised.

D3 Demonstrate an alternative strategy that you would adopt to
assess the work and development needs of individuals to improve
employee’s low performance at Clarks.
There are various strategies which adopted to assess the work assess the work
performance of the workers so that their low performance can be enhanced which are
as follows:
 Innovative and creative ideas must be encouraged.
 The effective communication channel between the employees and the
management must be established.
 Information regarding the organisational goals or objectives must be clearly
provided to the workforce or staff.
 Feedback regarding the performance of the employees must be provided
immediately.
Conclusion
As per the discussion made above, it is concluded that the working in a team is
beneficial for the individual as well as the organisation as individual may learn new
things from the other members of the team and completion of work will be on time.
Developing and implementation of plans is essential for the organisation so that
effective working can be done.


Conclusion
After reading the assignment presented above it can thus be concluded that it is an
essential task for the company to effectively follow all the rules and regulations of the
industry and to be in accordance with the ethical practice and laws of the industry. This
can help the company in attaining various strategic advantages as well. The role of the
manager is also important as he can help in better coordination and ensure orderly
process in the company. It is also required by the manager to develop leadership skills
such that the skills and efforts of the employees can be diverted into the direction of
completion of organisational as well as personal goals. In order to identify the needs of
employees, it is essential to assess the employee performance.

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