Influence of World Bank on Adult Learning and Skills for Improved Employment Outcomes in Kazakhstan

This research paper analyzes the influence of World Bank in developing adult learning and skills among employees for improving employment outcomes in Kazakhstan. It also highlights the significance of adult learning and the role of World Bank in enhancing employability and labor productivity.

Title: What is the influence of World Bank to the development of adult
learning and skills for improved employment outcomes in Kazakhstan?
1

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................3
Background of the topic..............................................................................................3
Research rationale..........................................................................................................4
Research objective..........................................................................................................4
Research question...........................................................................................................4
Significance of the research......................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................7
MAIN BODY..............................................................................................................................8
To analyze the influence of World Bank in developing the adult learning
and skills among the employee for improving employment outcomes in
Kazakhstan.............................................................................................................................8
DISCUSSION AND FINDINGS................................................................................................12
To analyze the influence of World Bank in developing the adult learning
and skills among the employee for improving employment outcomes in
Kazakhstan............................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................16
2

INTRODUCTION
Background of the topic
It has been seen and find out that the Kazakhstan has built a record of
strong macroeconomic management as well as setting the rules-driven fiscal
framework but still a moderate level of the poverty is being seen within the
Kazakhstan. Thus, a need for the enhancement of occupational standards,
including improvement of approval and updating processes is being seen
focused on the development of adult learning and skills for improved
employment outcomes in Kazakhstan. The world bank has played an
important role in supporting Kazakhstan in improving its economic, social,
environmental, legal and political environment after the dissolution of Soviet
Union. Many global financial institutions have supported Kazakhstan in
moving towards development which includes the World Bank. The world
bank started in central Asia with its first branch in Kazakhstan in the 2000
with the aim of supporting rise in GDP and implementing policies which help
the country make economic improvements. Kazakhstan had achieved some
economic progress since the days of dissolution of USSR, yet the workforce
in the country was low skilled. Project focusing on improving adult
productivity was implement by World Bank in Kazakhstan with collaboration
with its government. World Bank has been a simple associate to Kazakhstan,
supporting the development of regions going from money and social
administrations to framework, with assist adding as much as more than
$eight billion. Along with this, it has been also seen that during the year
1993 the world bank also tends to establish the two office within the
Kazakhstan to supports by providing the loans as well as having other
promoted polices. Further, in 2000, the Kazakhstan tend to have and build a
string macroeconomic management system to enjoy the higher GDP growth
and become the first donor free country of Asia. But still, the Kazakhstan is
facing the issue of the lack knowledge and skill level in its working adults.
Therefore, to solve and mitigate this issues the world bank together with the
3

government of Kazakhstan has initiated a project in order to improve overall
employment outcome and skills level of employees through providing proper
training to the adults. Further, the project also aims and focused on the
contracting to the overall national goal of diversifying the economy as well
as also focusing on the increasing the level of the productivity and capacity
of the working age population of Kazakhstan. Thus, world bank plays a vital
role in supporting adult learning in Kazakhstan as the project lead to
introduce significant innovation as well as provide massive training to
unemployed employees to have improved adult learning. Along with this, it
has been also seen and find out that the project started with the world bank
and government of Kazakhstan as trained more than 120 thousand
employees across the whole country. Further, it has been also seen and
implicated that the support of world bank is creating improved knowledge
and skill within the adult of the working age of Kazakhstan that is playing an
important role in improving and leading higher profits for the form and
enhancing the overall labour market services and decreasing the issue of the
employment within Kazakhstan. Therefore, current study is focused on
determining that how the development of skills of the adult of Kazakhstan is
being supported by world bank to have the transformation and economic
growth by enhancing employability and labor productivity and helping
countries to become more competitive.
4

Research rationale
The main rationale behind conducting the above investigation is to gain
a deeper understanding on adult learning. This research will help in knowing
the role played by adult learning in motivating young people to become
active citizens of the country. This will also highlight the influence of the
World Bank in developing adult skills in order to improve employment
outcomes. The existing research also has a great interest in me as it helps in
fulfilling two vital objective which are personal and professional (Kruks-
Wisner, 2018). In personal context, I will learn about the concept of adult
learning in great extent which helps in enhancing the current knowledge.
The World Bank Group is the tend to be the one of the largest financier of the
education that is focusing on leading high adult learning to supports and
caret within the developing world. The world bank tend to paintings on
schooling packages in ninety countries and are targeted on assisting them
with arriving at SDG4, which requires admittance to comprehensive and
evenhanded nice schooling and durable learning open doors for all through
2030. Alongside this, from the ten-year World Bank Group Education
Strategy 2020 spotlights on Learning for All by means of underlining the
need to: Invest early on the grounds that the potential to develop over the
path of existence is nice received in adolescents. Contribute astutely in mild
of the reality that public, family and contributor assets are restricted and
need to yield results
Research aim
To analyze the influence of World Bank in developing the adult learning
and skills among the employee for improving employment outcomes in
Kazakhstan
Research objective
To analyze that how the adult learning and development of skills of the
adult of Kazakhstan is being supported by world bank to have the
5

transformation and economic growth to enhance the overall employability
and labor productivity.
Research question
 What is the influence of World Bank in developing the adult learning
and skills among the employee for improving employment outcomes in
Kazakhstan?
Significance of the research
The analysis of the influence of the world bank on Kazakhstan is tend to
be important as since independence in 1991, Kazakhstan has experienced a
remarkable economic performance but still its workforce lack skill
development. Thus, at that time focusing on the ways and strategies along
with coming up with the project and practices that supports adult learning
and development of skills of the adult of Kazakhstan is important to have
rapid growth. Further, the support of world bank for adult learning is
significant and vital as it helps in fueled the structural reforms, abundant
hydrocarbon resources, strong domestic demand, and foreign direct
investment (FDI) that has helped reduce poverty and transform the country
into an upper-middle-income economy. Along with this, this research will also
help many stakeholders like organization, managers, and researcher to gain
various benefit from the investigation (Motti-Stefanidi and Cicognani, 2018).
It has been seen that the learning and skill development are tend to be vital
and essential for all adult people to have higher employability level and
secure a better job. Thus, conducting and undertaking current project is vital
and effective in meeting and analyzing the influence of World Bank in
developing the adult learning and skills among the employee for improving
employment outcomes in Kazakhstan. Beside this, current study is also
effective and rationale to get to know the practices that can be used to
enhance the adult learning skill among their employees. According to the
viewpoint of Hamied, (2021), Adult learning plays a very important role in
motivating the young adult as it helps in guiding them about their growth in
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future. Moreover, Adult learning is generally a situation in which adults
considers the educations. It may be performed into a formal placing into
advanced schooling, change the normal agenda. Moreover, it'd likewise be
completed for grown-united states of americawho just longings for studying
an expertise as well as pursuing the education for learning those skills. In
addition to this, adult motivation is needed for inspiring and encouraging
young adults towards learning new things and concepts that help in
increasing their level of knowledge for studying hard (Nikolitsa-Winter,
Mauch and Maalouf, 2019). The motivational factors vary according to the
changing needs and behaviour of young adults which helps them engaged in
learning from real life experiences. Adult education helps in creating a right
path for the following individuals which helps them in gaining lifetime growth
in their future career. Adult learning helps in changing their thoughts and
perception about a particular topic which helps in gaining them more sense
of vulnerability and in making young adults a good citizen. Furthermore,
Adult learners usually understand its objectives, desires, and values. They
are also essentially higher motivated, self-esteemed, relevancy oriented as
well as earn effective from experiences. It understands and these qualities
develop them simpler to encourage. In the context of organization this will
help them to improve their employment outcome in sound manner. In last
researcher will use this research to conduct the future investigation in
deeper manner by using this as foundation.
7

LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review is undertaken as the comprehensive study and
interpretation of literature that highlights the respective topic. Additionally,
this is the secondary information, which is accumulated through several
sources such as journals, books, articles and so on. This includes the
viewpoint of several authors upon a topic that aids in gaining effective
acknowledgement related to the research topic as well as formulate the
optimistic outcomes. In addition to this, the key objective of the literature
review is to determine the gaps from the last investigation.
As per the opinion of Davidson and Liu (2020), Adult learning refers to
the situation where adults pursue education. This can be conducted through
a formal setting in apprenticeship, trade school and higher education. This
can also be done by simply creating an environment in which an adult can
study and learn about something they want to. There are various theories
and techniques which indicate the method for adult learning.
In Kazakhstan-adult learning the concept of the adult learning is taken
as Long lasting knowing that is characterised to as the association or
utilization of both formal and casual gaining knowledge of excellent open
doors for grown-u.S.A.To cultivate the nonstop turn of occasions and
development of the data and capabilities required for enterprise and man or
woman satisfaction According to global super styles, as an example,
expanding activity of innovation, segment shifts, environmental change,
urbanization and the globalization of significant well worth chains are
converting the concept of abilities and work requests. The development of
skills plays significant contribution in structural transformation and economic
growth. This helps in enhancing the opportunities of labour productivity and
employability and assisting country to become more competitive (Schreiber-
Barsch and Mauch, 2019). Investment in a great quality employee creates
temperate cycle wherein great and actual abilities make performance and
unfamiliar direct speculation.. Skills are important to enable countries and
8

individuals to thrive in an increasingly interconnected, complex, and rapidly
changing world. Kazakhstan has attained great social and economic progress
(Haikkola, 2019). Some of the comprehensive skills needed to succeed in the
21st century labour market.
MAIN BODY
To analyze the influence of World Bank in developing the adult learning and
skills among the employee for improving employment outcomes in
Kazakhstan.
According to the viewpoint of Cincera, (2021), World Bank group is known to
be the biggest financier of education into developing world. Moreover, they
perform on education sessions within 90 countries as well as are involved to
assisting Them arrive at SDG4 that calls for attending to comprehensive in
addition to evenhanded practise and steady learning open doors for all
through the year 2030 (Alvarez and Wan, 2019). In addition to this, World
Bank Group (WBG) is performing with countries as well as multilateral growth
partners for assuring those person have access towards quality education
and training opportunities, whereas also assisting employers for locating the
competencies they required. This facilitates monetary as well as analytical
assistance to government into a board range of areas from system &
institutional growth towards much concentrated training programs (Goren,
Maxwell and Yemini, 2019). So, the countries like Kazakhstan required policy
interventions which are developed for effective support development of skills
as well as measures sessions results. For reason, the World bank group is
involved into program & policy investigation & evaluation for improving the
competencies interventions as well as measurement. According to
international uber styles, for example, expanding activity of innovation,
phase shifts, environmental exchange, urbanization and the globalization of
good sized really worth chains are changing the concept of skills and work
demands (Kruks-Wisner, 2018). The development of skills plays significant
9

contribution in structural transformation and economic growth. This helps in
enhancing the opportunities of labour productivity and employability and
assisting country to become more competitive. Investment in a great quality
employee creates virtuous cycle where quality and accurate skills create
productivity and foreign direct investment. Skills are important to enable
countries and individuals to thrive in an increasingly interconnected,
complex and rapidly changing world. Kazakhstan has attained great social
and economic progress. Some of the comprehensive skills needed to
succeed in the 21st century labour market (Alvarez and Wan, 2019).
Digital skills: It is the skill which is mainly focus overusing various
digital techniques and methods so that provided operation can be done
through advance technologies. It simply defines the capability to make due,
get entry to, recognise, carry, make, and verify records well..
Technical skills: The other skill is technical skill which describes The
procured talent, collaboration and information predicted for gambling out a
particular errand, consisting of the dominance of required gadgets,
substances, and innovations. Socio-emotional skills: It is the skill which
describes the ability of navigating social and interpersonal circumstances
effectively and involving leadership, self-control, grit, and teamwork.
Cognitive skills: It is the skill that encompasses the ability of
understanding complex thoughts and ideas, adapt systematically to the
environment, learn from reason and experience. Foundational numeracy and
literacy, problem-solving, critical thinking etc. are some of the cognitive skills
(Haikkola, 2019).
Therefore, the Headway of capacities can upload to simple trade and
cash associated development by means of overhauling employability and
paintings productiveness and helping countries with ending up being greater
not kidding. Interest in an incredible staff could make a moral cycle, where
sizable and first-class capacities engage productivity improvement and new
direct undertaking, which reap extra and better situations for the continuous
team of workers and greater open and confidential interest within the
10

steerage and planning shape. This, subsequently, assembles the
employability and productivity for both the modern-day and destiny staff
(Haikkola, 2019). The above skill are related with the of Kazakhstan as it
supports and leads to the higher development of the employability in the
adult individuals to supports better employment level and efficiency within
Kazakhstan.
However, most international locations like Kazakhstan preserve to
combat in absolutely completing the assurance of capacities headway. There
are big openings in fundamental capability and numeracy of working-age
loads, as 750 million human beings evolved 15+ (or 18% of the general
people) file being now not prepared to have a look at and shape, with exams
being very nearly twice as sizeable watching for training is classified via
direct critiques. Immense diploma worldwide tests of grown-up capacities
usually feature capacities befuddles as well as tremendous collection within
the advantages to tutoring throughout fields of audit, institutions, and people
social occasions (Korsunova, Horn and Vainio, 2021). Supervisors in many
arising nations record that a shortfall of gifted workers is a crucial and
lengthening bottleneck for their physical games, impacting their potential to
get to the next stage (Jagers, Rivas-Drake and Williams, 2019).
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced the pre-crisis imaginative and
prescient of honest, extensive, and satisfactory capacities improvement into
more sharpened help, adding surprising desperation to the calls for
exchange and which include the giant fees of state of being inactive. To all
the more likely comprehend abilities improvement challenges and focus on
arrangements, the WBG has fostered the Skills toward Employment and
Productivity (STEP) program (Maass, 2019). The STEP program gives a
straightforward applied system that can help policymakers, examiners, and
analysts thoroughly consider the lifecycle way to deal with abilities
improvement and to configuration programs that upgrade efficiency and
advance monetary development. It additionally educates a multi-layered way
to deal with abilities that incorporate mental, socio-close to home, and
11

occupation important abilities. To carry out the approach, Kazakhstan can
make these five strides:
Stage 1. Getting youngsters off to the right beginning, by fostering the
specialized, mental, social, and computerized abilities from the get-go in life
that make a structure for later achievement.
Stage 2. Guaranteeing that all understudies advance, by building more
grounded frameworks with clear learning principles, great educators,
sufficient assets, and a legitimate administrative climate.
Stage 3. Building position pertinent abilities by fostering the right
motivations for both pre-business and hands on preparing projects and
foundations.
Stage 4. Empowering business venture and advancement, by establishing a
climate that energizes interests in information and imagination.
Stage 5. Working with work versatility and occupation matching, by
advancing toward more adaptable, effective, and secure work markets.
The above theoretical system has been applied through the very first
drive to gauge abilities in low-and center pay nations, the STEP Skills
Measurement program (Jardim and Marques da Silva, 2018). Utilizing family
based and manager-based overviews works with an assortment of strategy
applicable information to empower a superior comprehension of ability
prerequisites in the work market, in reverse linkages between abilities
procurement and instructive accomplishment, character, and social
foundation, and forward linkages between abilities obtaining and
expectations for everyday comforts, decreases in disparity and destitution,
social consideration, and financial development.
Moreover, to assist nations with fortifying their labor force improvement
frameworks, the WBG has created two normalized demonstrative
instruments underneath the Systems Approach for Better Education Results
(SABER) Workforce Development application (Schreiber-Barsch and Mauch,
2019). SABER Workforce Development (WfD) Policy Intent device
benchmarks a rustic's methodologies and establishments that effect the
12

stock of and interest for abilities, zeroing in on three practical aspects: (a)
technique; (b) framework oversight; and (c) administration conveyance. It
helps gaining from other countries' encounters as they continued looking for
improved outcomes while planning labor force advancement approaches and
organizations. The subsequent instrument is the Training Assessment Project
(TAP), which utilizes a similar SABER-WfD calculated structure yet with an
emphasis on arrangement execution. TAP is an advancing, organized
research strategy that looks to evaluate and analyze the availability of
preparing frameworks and organizations to plan laborers to observe
significant work in economies that are moving towards the financial
wilderness and afterward to have the option to keep their abilities and flow
and applicable notwithstanding continuous changes popular in the work
market (Scott and Cnaan, 2020).
DISCUSSION AND FINDINGS
The discussion section considered as one of the final parts of research
paper wherein researcher explains, evaluates, and interprets its findings.
Moreover, it describes the importance of that outcome as well as related all
things back to the research questions. In addition to this, this should
concentrate upon describing as well as analysing what researcher identified,
representing how this associate to its literature review any research question
and make an argument into support of their whole conclusion. So, discussion
and findings related to this project are represented below:
To analyze the influence of World Bank in developing the adult learning and
skills among the employee for improving employment outcomes in
Kazakhstan
Alongside this, it has been examined that World Bank Group (WBG) is
performing with nations as well as multilateral development accomplices for
guaranteeing those individual approach towards quality instruction and
preparing valuable open doors, though additionally helping businesses for
13

finding the skills they required. This works with money related as well as
scientific help to government into a board scope of regions from framework
and institutional development towards much thought preparing programs. In
this way, the nations like Kazakhstan required approach intercessions which
are produced for compelling help improvement of abilities as well as
measures meetings results. For specific explanation, the World Bank Group is
involved into program and strategy examination and assessment for further
developing the capabilities mediations as well as estimation. The
improvement of abilities plays huge commitment in primary change and
financial development
Notwithstanding, this has been recognized and examined that most
countries like Kazakhstan continue to fight in finishing the assurance of
capacities progression. There are colossal openings in basic capability and
numeracy of working-age masses, as 750 million people developed 15+ (or
18% of the overall people) report being not ready to examine and form, with
checks being very nearly twice as enormous accepting training is assessed
through direct evaluations. Gigantic extension worldwide assessments of
grown-up capacities generally feature capacities befuddles as well as huge
assortment in the benefits to tutoring across fields of audit, establishments,
and people social events. The WBG has developed the Skills closer to
Employment and Productivity (STEP) application. The STEP software gives a
reasonable applied structure that can assist policymakers, inspectors, and
experts completely consider the lifecycle method for managing capacities
improvement and to setup programs that redesign productivity and advance
financial turn of events (Toiviainen, Kersh and Hyytiä, 2019).
Based upon the above, it has been identified and discussed that adult
learning alludes to the circumstance where grown-ups seek after schooling.
This can be directed through a proper setting in apprenticeship, exchange
school and advanced education. This should likewise be possible by
essentially establishing a climate wherein a grown-up can study and find out
about something they need to. There are different speculations and
14

strategies which demonstrate the strategy for grown-up learning (Simonova,
2019). Grown-up learning helps in changing their contemplations and
discernment about a specific point which helps in acquiring them more
feeling of weakness and in making youthful grown-ups a productive member
of society. Moreover, Adult students typically figure out its goals, wants and
values. They are likewise basically higher persuaded, self-regarded,
pertinence situated as well as procure successful from encounters. It gets it
and proposals characteristics foster them less complex to empower.
In addition to this, it has been also discussed and identified that adult
learning assumes a vital part in rousing the youthful grown-up as it helps in
directing them about their development in future. Additionally, adult learning
is by and large a circumstance in which grown-ups are seek after the
trainings. It very well might be performed into a conventional setting into
advanced education, exchange the everyday schedule. Furthermore, it might
likewise be performed for grown-ups who basically longings for acquiring an
ability as well as chasing after the training for realizing those abilities. What's
more, adult inspiration is required for motivating and empowering youthful
grown-ups towards learning new things and ideas that assistance in
expanding their degree of information for hitting the books with a
vengeance. The inspirational elements shift as per the changing necessities
and conduct of youthful grown-ups which helps them occupied with gaining
from genuine encounters.
Besides, to assist countries with reinforcing their exertions force
improvement structures, the WBG has made normalized illustrative
instruments below the Systems Approach for Better Education Results
(SABER) Workforce Development program. SABER Workforce Development
(WfD) Policy Intent tool benchmarks a state's tactics and foundations that
have an impact on the stock of and hobby for limits, zeroing in on three
affordable views: (a) approach; (b) framework oversight; and (c) organization
transport (Woosnam, 2019). It helps acquiring from other nations'
15

experiences as they kept searching for further developed results while
arranging workforce progression approaches and associations.
CONCLUSION
As per the above paper, it has been concluded that adult learning plays a
very important role in motivating young adult as it helps in guiding them
about their growth in future. Adult motivation is needed for inspiring and
encouraging young adults towards learning new things and concepts that
help in increasing their level of knowledge for studying hard. Additionally,
adult learning helps in changing their thoughts and perception about a
particular topic which helps in gaining them more sense of vulnerability and
in making young adults a good citizen. This also helps in making them learn
that they must focus on their learning process which results in better results
and outcome of their studies. In addition to this, the development of skills
plays significant contribution in structural transformation and economic
growth. This helps in enhancing the opportunities of labour productivity and
employability and assisting country to become more competitive. Apart from
this, skills are important to enable countries and individuals to thrive in an
increasingly interconnected, complex, and rapidly changing world.
Kazakhstan has attained great social and economic progress.
Furthermore, literature review is performed as in this the secondary
information, which is accumulated through several sources such as journals,
books, articles and so on. This includes the viewpoint of several authors upon
particular topic that aids for gaining effective acknowledgement related to
research topic as well as formulate the optimistic outcomes. In addition to
this, the key objective of literature review is to determine the gaps from last
investigation. Along with this, it has been also seen and analsysed that the
Digital skills are the that mainly focus overusing various digital techniques in
order to enhance the capacity to make due, get entry to, realise, carry,
make, and determine statistics nicely. Beside this the, it has been
summarised that the technical are the one that is acquired expertise,
16

interaction and knowledge required while the Socio-emotional skills tend to
describes the ability of navigating social and interpersonal circumstances.
Along with this, based on current study it has been also found out that the
nations like Kazakhstan required improvement of abilities through having
influence from the World Bank Group that is involved into program and
strategy examination and assessment for further developing the capabilities
mediations as well as estimation. Beside this, the implication and use of the
STEP program has been also summarized that gives a clear applied
framework that support policymakers, inspectors for managing capacities
improvement and to setup programs that redesign productivity. Beside it, it
describes the importance of that outcome as well as related all things back
to the research questions. In addition to this, this should concentrate upon
describing as well as analysing what researcher identified, representing how
this associate to its literature review any research question and make an
argument into support of their whole conclusion. The World Bank Group
(WBG) is appearing with nations in addition to multilateral development
accomplices for making certain the ones human beings method towards
excellent preparation and getting ready precious open doorways, whereas
also assisting employers for locating the competencies they required. This
facilitates monetary as well as analytical assistance to government into a
board range of areas from system and institutional growth towards much
concentrated training programs.
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