Understanding the World of Tourism: Positive and Negative Impacts on Contemporary Tourism

This project essay explores the positive and negative impacts of contemporary tourism on the economy, infrastructure, environment, and socio-cultural aspects of a destination. It also discusses strategies to minimize negative impacts and promote sustainable tourism.

Understanding the
World of Tourism

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
TASK ..............................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Contemporary tourism may be referred as an international approach which reflects a refreshing
and new approach of study in tourism (Assenova and Vodenska, 2018). Tourism industry plays
an important role in boosting nation's economy along with creation of employment opportunities
and develops infrastructure of country. It also facilitates in foreign exchange and also supports
cultural pursuits. There are various issues that are needed to be considered such as destination
marketing, rapid change in world order and tourism ethics. This project essay is based on
contemporary tourism along with its positive and negative impact on tourism. In addition to that,
it will cover impact of environmental and socio cultural impact of tourism.
TASK
Tourist may be vital for the success of various economies around the world and have numerous
benefits of tourism on host destination. Tourism facilitates in generating various employment
opportunities and these are not only a significant part of tourism industry but also involve
communication, agriculture and educational sector. It is needed to promote tourism within
country as it reflects ancestor's way of living, knowledge and skills (Din, 2018). There are
various steps taken by government in order to promote tourism. Apart from revenue generation,
it also creases a sense of pride within nation. Many tourist across the globe travel to experience
the hosting destination culture of different tradition. It also creates livelihood to restaurants,
hotels and shopping centres and affected by tourist,. All these business units are dependent on
tourism industry. Government which rely on tourism invest a lot in making infrastructure of
country. Safe and advanced facilities are needed as more and more tourist to visit their country.
This will lead to developed parks, roads and highways, improved public services. Local people
will get an opportunity for educational and economic growth. Tourism also creates cultural
exchange as more visitors will get to know about country's tradition and custom. The organising
authorities charges registration fee, exhibition spaces and sales of copyright media. There are
various factors which affects tourism in either positive and negative and it is needed to be
consider in order to formulate strategies for development of contemporary tourism. These factors
may involve destination region, climate change and environment. These factors positively
contributes in the development of tourism within country.

In the past twenty years, there can be seen a growing awareness in impact of tourism on
societies and environment in which tourism takes place. In recent years, responsible tourism, eco
tourism and sustainable tourism have emerged. Tourism facilitates in generating income for
various business and creates a wider range of employment opportunities. In the global scale,
tourism is seen as one of the largest and fastest growing industries. Within UK, it has been
estimated that inbound tourism generates near about $19 billion each year and domestic tourism
including staying visits and day trips generates over $60 billion per year (Saarinen, 2019). In
terms of employment, it generates about 1.4 million employment. The another positive impact of
tourism is improvement in infrastructure. It involves rail and road improvements, improvement
in utilities such as in telecommunication and water supply along with airport development. By
having improvement in these facilities, local people can benefit which have been provided to
tourist. The major drawback of improvement in tourism is that as large number of visitors are
pushing up price of essential commodities which means local residents have to pay more for
transportation and food. In case of more popular area, shopkeepers charges high prices for
products than they do for local people. They have to pay additional taxes to contribute in
additional services such as water services and tourist information centres. In some holiday areas,
there are a large number of second homes which are used for shorter duration. It can be seen in
case of coastal areas and national parks. Thus, it increases prices of second homes and becomes
difficult for local residents to buy dream home. Second ownership of home can be considered as
perfect example of negative impact of tourism that may cause conflict between tourist and local
people. One of the most negative economic impact of tourism is decline in traditional
employment in which workers move from mining, farming and fishing into service job in
tourism industry (Adu-Ampong, E.A., 2019).
It is generally the case in which tourism creates more negative impact than positive
impacts. Thus, it is needed to take corrective actions so that it can minimise its negative impact
on tourism. In UK, there are large number of former industries sites are preserved along with
development as tourist attraction and to make a better place and can be used for tourist purpose.
It can help government and nation in various ways such as it can be be utilised for revenue
generation, creates employment along with creates a sense of pride. By this government can
enhance its visibility of tradition and culture across the world. It can be helpful in increasing
funding for renovation on monumental buildings such as churches, castles and cathedrals in

order to preserve for future generation. Management strategies can be helpful in maintaining a
balance between tourism destination and environmental impacts. It should promote sustainability
too so as to minimise negative impact on environment. It has accepted that tour and tourism have
a damaging impact on environment. Cars, trains, ships and aircraft consumes fuels and emits
carbon effluents which creates air pollution and damages environment. In recent years, there
can be seen that many corrective steps have been taken to minimise environmental impact of
carbon emission. These include making vehicles and aircraft to be more efficient and
experimenting of new types of fuel. Overcrowding and congestion may be referred as commonly
negative environmental of tourism. Water pollution is also one major issue addressed in recent
years. Environmental pollution caused by fuel carbon emission damages building and noise
pollution. It is also caused by litter by tourist and becomes a threat to safety of animals and
people. Blue flag beach encourages many people and local authorities to take measure in
keeping environment clean.
In some instances, tourism may contribute in preserving traditional customs such as
dance, theatre and music along with creating demand of local produces food and drinks. It can
simulate production and sale of local art products which reflects culture and tradition of nation. It
also help craftsman in showing their talent in order to earn livelihood. It plays crucial role in
reinforcing cultural identity of region. One of the motivating factor of visiting a tourism
destination is to meet new people and learn about different and unique culture. Tourist will gain
great respect for the lifestyle in which they are visiting by enhancing local tourism, it facilitates
in improves skills and in their social status. Along with benefit, there are various cons of socio-
cultural impact on tourism as it may raise conflict between host community and tourist. It
may be based on behaviour of people living in these area. It is common that anti social behaviour
may conflict by the group of tourists. The other negative social impact may include increased
crime such as illegal gambling, robbery and drug dealing (Nikazachenko and et.al., 2018). It is
not done by local residents but by gangs to exploit tourist and sometimes to local people as well.
In some areas, local people are obliged to move away at they are living so as to make tourism
development. The other main issue is seasonal employment, but by developing strategies can
help in maintaining visitors throughout year which will reduce impact of seasonal employment.
This type of issue which is common in areas of mass tourism and in larger cities. Now a days,
people have recognised that tourism may bring about loss of cultural identity.

CONCLUSION
From the above project report it was concluded that tourism plays crucial role in boosting
revenue of country and creates a pride for country. It reflects tradition and custom of nation and
people can get to know about belief and custom of other country. It is important to take conserve
and maintain tourism destination for future generation. There are various factors which affects
tourism industry such as economic, environmental and socio culture. In some instances, it
provides, positive or negative impact on tourism industry. By using effective strategies, its
negative impact can be minimised. By promoting development of tourism destination it
generates various opportunities to government and businesses. It enhances infrastructure along
with service quality which can be beneficial for tourist as well as for local residents.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adu-Ampong, E.A., 2019. The tourism-development nexus from a governance perspective: A
research agenda. A research agenda for tourism and development, pp.53-70.
Assenova, M. and Vodenska, M. eds., 2018. Traditions and Innovations in contemporary
tourism. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Din, K.H., 2018. Dialogue with the hosts: an educational strategy towards sustainable tourism.
In Tourism in South-East Asia (pp. 327-336). Routledge.
Nikazachenko, A.L., Yudashkina, E.E.E., Vlasov, G.V., Novikova, V.V.E. and Lebedev, K.A.E.,
2018. Modern approaches to assess tourism industry-related environment. Journal of
Environmental Management & Tourism, 9(2 (26)), pp.298-303.
Saarinen, J., 2019. Communities and sustainable tourism development: Community impacts and
local benefit creation in tourism. In A research agenda for sustainable tourism. Edward Elgar
Publishing.