Understanding Why People Work: Factors and Strategies for Motivation

This report discusses the various factors that motivate employees to work, including salary, promotion, and work environment. It also covers positive and negative factors that influence motivation and strategies to cope with negative factors. The report concludes that motivation is crucial for both employees and employers, as it creates a positive work environment and increases productivity.

Business Management with Foundation
BMP3004
World of Work
Understanding why people work
Contents
Introduction 1
What does Motivation Mean? 1
The various factors which motivate employees to work
p

The positive factors employees experience as a result of
their job roles p
The negative factors employees experience as a result of
their job roles p
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees
experience as a result of their job roles p
Conclusion p
References p

Introduction
Employees are crucial assets for the company as they assist an organization
to function properly. Many companies spend time and money to motivate and
encourage their employees for working productively in the business
organization(Waldron, 2018). Employer perform several activities to motivate their
employees such as incentives, premium security, motivational speech, conducting
training and knowledge programmers. Motivation plays a significant part in a
company it is a major factor that increases companies’ profitability by increasing
employees productivity. This report file consists various motivational factors that
motivate an employee to work for the organization. Also, includes positive and
negative factors that presents in an organization and influence the motivation
behavior of an employee. This presentation shows the various responsibility of a
mangers.
What does Motivation Mean?
Motivation is the inner feeling of a person that encourage a person to work for
themselves and for the organization. It is the process that inspires peoples for
fulfilling their basic needs and wants. While applying this process people achieve
their targeted goals. In other words, motivation is a goal oriented and a continuous
function (Bernacki, Greene, and Crompton, 2020). It is a manager’s job to motivate
their employees such as incentives, awards, suitable working environment.
Motivation has two types:
Intrinsic motivation: It refers to internal motivation that arises within an
individual without expecting anything from their manager. If an employee get
feedback from their manager that increases their pride and they get motivated to
work for organization.
Extrinsic motivation: It refers to external motivation that drives by taking
rewards, incentives, praise, promotion and status from the companies manager. In
other words, extrinsic motivation is something that a person doing for earning
awards and appraisals from their business organization.
For motivating employees, manager use Maslow's theory of motivation. This
theory is based on five tire of human needs and these are, Physiological need,
Safety need, Social need, Self esteem need, and self actualization need. Maslow
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presents its motivation needs in pyramid shape, in which hierarchy goes from
bottom(basic need) to top(intangible needs).
 Physiological need: This is the first basic need that comes in Maslow's
hierarchy. This include the most basic need of a human survival such as
food, water, shelter, and clothing. In the absence of these needs a human
body can't function properly. Ma-slow states that an individual first fulfill all
these physiological needs and then move ahead for next level of fulfillment.
 Safety needs: This needs comes after accomplishing all basic physiological
needs. An individual want safety and stability in their life, this needs include
protection from violence, health insurance, financial stability, and job security.
 Social needs: This is the third need of an individual that comes in Maslow's
hierarchy. Social needs include love, care, friendly relationship, trust and
connections (Chang, and Shih, 2019).These needs are beneficial for
reducing the stress level and sense of loneliness with in a person. Friendly
environment leads to smooth business functioning.
 Self-esteem needs: The basic elements of this need is self-respect and self-
esteem. Maslow divided this theory into two parts first is internal need, which
include self-confidence, self-respect, certificates, awards and achievements.
Second is external need, which include status, prestige, rewards in form of
money.
 Self-actualization needs: This is the highest level of maslow's hierarchy. It
refers to when a person takes full advantage of their potential and
capabilities. Self-actualization need varies from person to person. Everyone's
needs and goals are different from each other. It includes desire of gaining
more knowledge, being more creative, etc. A manager arrange several
counseling sessions for giving carrier advice.
The various factors which motivate employees to work
Salary: An employee work in an organization for earning money that
presents in the forms of salary, incentives and other monetary benefits. These are
provided by the owner of the business entity(Cohen, 2018).Salary is the vital part of
an enterprise that motivate employees for work. If a person gets high salary and
feels motivated to complete the assigned task on time. Salary of an employee give a
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sense of accomplishment, allow an individual to feel secure and give a high status
in the society.
Promotion: It refers to promote an employee for higher post. It involves
increase in salary, position, authority and responsibility, and some monetary
benefits. Promotion is given to an employee for its development, and it’s based on
different aspects experience, seniority, and performance of an employee while doing
work. There are four types of promotion that provided by an employer to
employees. Horizontal, vertical, dry promotion and open and closed promotion. This
is the main aim of employees for working hard. Every employee expects to get
promotion in one or two year. Promotion is the best tool that used by an employer to
motivating them and enhancing their productivity level.
Work Environment: This is the major factor that give impact on employees’
productivity level. If working environment is positive then it will be beneficial for both
employees and employers. In a friendly business environment, employees could
easily communicate with each other and share valuable feedback. (Irwin, 2020).
Positive working environment leads coordination among co-workers. It is essential
for removing communication barriers while delegating authority and responsibility
from one level to another level. The greater the bond among employees, better the
chance for company to accomplish their short-term and long-term targeted goals.
The positive factors employees experience as a result of
their job roles
Positive factors of motivation are vital component of a business organization.
Knowing how to motivate their employees and ensures that the business entity
function effectively and efficiently.
 Appreciation of a job well: Praise and appreciation are the major factors
that motivate an employee for working hard and completing task on time.
Appreciation also strengthen good performance and encourage employees to
repeat these hard work upcoming time.
 Development opportunities: Employees of the company feel more
confident when they get number of opportunities for growth and professional
development (Palm, and Eriksson, 2018). Proper skills and developing
programs make workers more efficient in their positions.
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 Job benefits: Employees are feel more motivated when they get some job
benefits such as job security, financial stability, and health security. These
factors play a major role in motivating an employee for doing their job in an
effective manner.
The negative factors employees experience as a result
of their job roles
. Motivating their employees for working hard is the main duty of a manager.
 Treating everyone just the same: This approach gives a negative impact
on employee’s performance. Treating everyone on the same scale is the
basic management rule. For example, most outstanding productive employee
treated same as the lest productive employee, that will down the moral and
and motivation of employees.
 Ignoring achievements: In the absence of praise and appraisals, employee
feels demotivated and this will hamper their efficiency level. ( McNeil,
and.et.al., 2020). A good team leader’s responsibility is to provides valuable
feedbacks and performance appraisal to their team members.
 Partial behavior: If employee experience partiality in the organization that
give negative impact on their performance. For example if two employees
work on the same position and get different salary. The inconsistency in
manager job create a negative environment.
Strategies to cope with negative factors
employees experience as a result of their job roles
Employees are the crucial assets of an organization for performing day to day
activities. There are several number of factors that give negative impact on
employees’ performance. Here, are some strategies to cope with these negative
factors:
 Provide growth opportunities: A Manager has their job to motivate their
employees. So for this, they take suitable measures and provide growth
opportunity. (Sousa, and.et.al., 2020). Training is the best way for
employees to achieve success in their assigned projects.
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 Provide positive environment: Working in a healthy and positive
environment increases employees work efficiency and moral. A manager's
responsibility is to provide trust worthy and respectful environment.
 Give performance appraisal: A manager duty is to provide appropriate
appreciation and appraisals to their employees, so they feel their contribution
is valuable and important for an organization.
Conclusion
From the above report, it has been concluded that motivation is the major
factor that encourage employees to work hard and perform the business projects in
an effective manner for the organization. Motivation also promote need and job
satisfaction of an individual to work for an organization. Apart from this, motivation is
beneficial for both employer and employees. It helps in creating positive work
environment to the workers. Motivation is also beneficial for increasing employee
productivity level and organization’s profitability level.
References
Bernacki, M.L., Greene, J.A. and Crompton, H., 2020. Mobile technology, learning,
and achievement: Advances in understanding and measuring the role of
mobile technology in education. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60,
p.101827.
Chang, Y.Y. and Shih, H.Y., 2019. Work curiosity: A new lens for understanding
employee creativity. Human Resource Management Review, 29(4),
p.100672.
Cohen, A., 2018. Counterproductive work behaviors: Understanding the dark side of
personalities in organizational Life. Routledge.
Irwin, H., 2020. Communicating with Asia: Understanding people and customs.
Routledge.
McNeil, and.et.al., 2020. Understanding concurrent stimulant use among people on
methadone: A qualitative study. Drug and alcohol review, 39(3), pp.209-215.
Palm, K. and Eriksson, A., 2018. Understanding salutogenic approaches to
managing intensive work: experiences from three Swedish
companies. Work, 61(4), pp.627-637.
Sousa, and.et.al., 2020. Understanding the curricular needs and practice contexts
of macro social work: A community-based process. Journal of Social Work
Education, 56(3), pp.533-547.
Waldron, J.J., 2018. Four perspectives for understanding LGBTIQ people in sport.
In Sex, Gender, and Sexuality in Sport (pp. 15-32). Routledge.
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