Functional Areas and Skills Required by Business Organizations

This report discusses the main functional areas required by business organizations and the skills employees need to work in each area. It covers administration, customer service, distribution, finance, ICT, human resource, marketing, production, and research and development. The report emphasizes the importance of these functional areas for the smooth flow of business operations.

World Of Work

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Functional areas required by the business organisation...............................................................3
Skills Required By The Employees To Work In The functional Areas......................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Business functions are set of activities perform by the organization with the help of core and
support business functions. Core functions are the activities of the organization yielding income
and support business activities are the supporting activities to permit the core business functions.
In this report the main functional areas of the business organization and the skills required by an
employee for each functional areas will discuss.
MAIN BODY
Functional areas required by the business organisation
Administration
It is the support function for all the business and this is not just for keyboard or filling,
senior administration do wide range of tasks to take interview for new staff to monitoring budget
of their department.
Customer service
Customers are the king for any business. Today, customer expectations are high. All
business has to look after the customers or client inquiry, concern and complaint. Many
organizations have proper trained customer service department which positively handle the
customers inquiry or problems.
Distribution
Distribution means sending goods to the right place on time in the good condition. It is
much more than collection of the goods and arranging them. It should be cost effective, where
cost should be kept as low as possible. Planning vehicle route which keep fuel cost low and saves
time and avoid back tracking (Dijkstra, Poelman, and Veneri, 2019). For the complicated and
urgent goods the delivery route is such that it can be delivered fast and safe. Checking all the
deliveries match orders and inform sales if there is any discrepancy. Distributor has to face and
deal with the distribution problem like bad weather, vehicle breakdown and destroy goods.
Finance
It is the most important function of the business. All organization need income to pay
bills. To know the profit or loss of the business, this department has all the records of receipts
and payment made by the company in an accounting year. In large organization different types of
financial experts are hired for account management, for financial account and for credit
controller.

ICT
Nowadays all business need ICT experts in the company because many of the crucial
business takes on the computer and important data are stored on the system. Most organization
have computer network where staff computers are linked with the servers. ICT function are to
Maintaining the server, installing the new software and hardware (Galea, 2017). ITC specialist
has to update the senior manager on technology development which is helpful for the benefit of
the company. ICT specialist is responsible for the system security. He will be sure that only users
have its authorised to use, software are protecting from the viruses and hackers and have full
back up system of the main data.
Human resource
Companies employees are the human resource. Good organization has their employees
which are well trained and self motivated, which help organization to be successful. HR is
responsible for hiring the best candidate to fill the vacancy for the job. New employee attend the
induction programme which says all the rules and regulations of the company, arranging training
programme and assisting them to develop their professional skills is another aspects of HR. HR
aims to ensure that business retain good and with experienced staff (Kaczmarek and Kociuba,
2017).
Marketing
It is all about identify and meeting the customers’ needs. Many organizations are trained
to put customers first. Marketing can be understood through marketing mix-
product
what company sells ?who are the customers? What they want to buy? All the information
related to product ca be understand.
Price
how much company should charge for the product?
Place
how company distribute the product?
Promotion
how customer know about the company's product? How company advertise the product?
Sales

It is a crucial element for all the business. Sales are nothing to use having a superb
product or services if no one purchase it. For this reason most organization have sales target as a
part of aims and objectives. Sales staff and sales team has a responsibility to meet the sales target
of the company. Sales team function is to organize the sales promotions, preparing the
quotations, providing technical advice and keeping customers record.
Production
Production means manufacturing and assembly of goods. Goods are produce on the time
and are of the right quality is assured by its staff. Production function includes: production
planning, production control, machine utilisation control, staff utilisation control and final
quality checks (Najafi, and et.al, 2017). Ordering of the raw material from the approved
suppliers, storing and checking of stock of raw material is also function of the production staff.
Research and development
This function concerned with the development or improvement process, it might be of
new product, the existing product or product line. Improvement of the existing product is an
ongoing process as a result of market research and customer feedback. New product is developed
with the change in the technological and scientific advances.
Skills Required By The Employees To Work In The functional Areas
Skills for administration function
Communication skills
For the office administrators will require to have oral and written communication skills.
Filing/ paper management
Filing, sorting and general organisational skills are essential for organisational
administrators (Kalashi and et.al, 2020).
Bookkepping
Have familiar with bookkepping. Nowadays several computer applications is used to
manage financial transactions.
Equipment handling
The staff may sometimes have to do lifting, and take as opportunities.
Flexibility
personnel has to be sure to working on a static schedule with typical business hours.
Skills for Customer service function

Persuasive speaking skills
Persuasive skills refer to convincing skills to change the customer mind to purchase the
product or services of the product.
Empathy
Understand the customers mood and communicate with them accordingly.
Patience
Be patience with customers as it is important to keep conversation on the track and
provide positive feedback from the customer or clients (Pérez-Luño, Bojica, and Golapakrishnan,
2019).
Technical knowledge
For effective solving, it is necessary to have technical knowledge of the product and
services which help to resolve the issue at hand.
Skills for distribution function
Logical and systematic approach
Have an ability to work logically and have systematic work which help in effective
distribution of products and services.
Time management skills
Have an ability to manage the task to complete on time. Dispatching of the goods should
be on the time, have an ability to manage time .
Geographical knowledge and numeracy skills
Employee has geographical knowledge where the products are distributed and have
numerical knowledge which help in distributing the right quantity of the product.
Skills for finance function
Accounting skills
Accounting skills required to record accounting transactions and understanding of
applicable of accounting regulations (Dijkstra, Poelman and Veneri, 2019).
Analytical thinking
It means looking the situation, understand it and interpret its meaning and then come up
with the thoughtful intelligent response.
Negotiation

Negotiation allows finance professionals to reach at agrrements which is benefitital for
the company.
Skills required for ICT function
Coding skills
Employer should have knowledge about the different language coding.
Knowledge about computer networks
Most of the company using computer for the regular working system. It professionals
have knowledge about the computer networks (Galea, 2017).
Technical skiils
Different technical is required in different company. IT specialist have an ability to learn
new technology and assign how it is useful for the company to adapt.
Problem solving
Have an ability to solve the problem related to the server, coding etc.
Skills required for human resource function
Communication
Communication is the most important skills for human resource management. It misght
be verbal and non-verbal communication.
Organisation
To manage the needs of employee and business owners it is important to have a
knowledge about the organization (Kaczmarek and Kociuba, 2017.).
Teamwork
To be in HR department it is essential to work in a team with the colleagues and
managers of the organization.
Recruitment and selection
Have a knowledge about how to recruit and select a candidate which suits best for the
assigned job.
Skills required for marketing function
Teamwork
Have an ability to work in team which help to produce the effective product.
Communication skills

Having a good communication skills helps to understand the market and customers need
and want.
Creativity and writing skills
Creative thinking and writing skills gives good impact during the promotions.
Skills required for production function
Confidence
Have a confidence which help in the production of the product and services.
Technical skills
Production of the typical products need the technical skills for the production .
Organisation and efficiency (Kalashi and et.al, 2020).
Have an ability to organise the stock for the production and have an ability to produce
product with the greatest efficiency without compromise on the quality.
Skills required for research and development function
Analytical skills
Should be expert in solving complex engineering problems.
Teamwork
Projects will be complex and issues will be solved with the team.
Technophile
Person has enthusiastic using new technology.
CONCLUSION
From this report it concluded that business functional areas are important aspects for the smooth
flow the business. Different functional areas required for the smooth flow and for different
functional areas different skills required for the employees. Every functional areas have different
roles to perform which help in achieving the goal of the organization.

REFERENCES
Journals and Books
Dijkstra, L., Poelman, H. and Veneri, P., 2019. The EU-OECD definition of a functional urban
area.
Galea, C. ed., 2017. Teaching business sustainability: From theory to practice. Routledge.
Kaczmarek, T. and Kociuba, D., 2017. Models of governance in the urban functional areas:
Policy lessons from the implementation of integrated territorial investments (ITIs) in Poland.
Kalashi, and et.al., 2020. The Effect of the Application of ICT Skills on the Process of
Knowledge Management Components and the Effectiveness of Creativity Indicators for the
Improvement of Employees' Performance System in the Ministry of Sports and Youth. World
Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues. 12(1). pp.48-62.
Najafi, K., and et.al., 2017. Investigating employees’ and health care practitioners’
communication skills. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 23(2). pp.208-
217.
Pérez-Luño, A., Bojica, A.M. and Golapakrishnan, S., 2019. When more is less: the role of
cross-functional integration, knowledge complexity and product innovation in firm
performance. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
Online references
Pincincu A., 2019. What Are Business Functions?.[Online]. Available through
<https://bizfluent.com/info-8345380-business-functions.html>. [Accessed on 9 April
2021]