Design and Implementation of a +12V Variable Power Supply

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Managing a Professional Engineering
Project
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Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Learning Outcome 1...................................................................................................................4
Sustainability..........................................................................................................................4
P1............................................................................................................................................5
P2............................................................................................................................................8
Learning Outcome 2.................................................................................................................11
P3..........................................................................................................................................11
Learning Outcome 3.................................................................................................................12
P4..........................................................................................................................................12
Learning Outcome 4.................................................................................................................14
P5..........................................................................................................................................14
Performance Review................................................................................................................20
Conclusion................................................................................................................................22
References................................................................................................................................23
Appendix..................................................................................................................................23

List of Figures
Figure 1: Block Diagram of Power Supply................................................................................6
Figure 2: Circuit diagram of design one....................................................................................7
Figure 3: Circuit diagram of design two....................................................................................8
Figure 4: Circuit Diagram of Design third.................................................................................8
Figure 5: Gantt Chart...............................................................................................................12
Figure 6: Slide 1.......................................................................................................................15
Figure 7: Slide 2.......................................................................................................................16
Figure 8: Slide 3.......................................................................................................................16
Figure 9: Slide 4.......................................................................................................................17
Figure 10: Slide 5.....................................................................................................................17
Figure 11: Slide 6.....................................................................................................................18
Figure 12: Slide 7.....................................................................................................................18
Figure 13:Slide 8......................................................................................................................19
Figure 14: slide 9......................................................................................................................19
Figure 15: Slide 10...................................................................................................................20
Figure 16: Slide 11...................................................................................................................20

Introduction
To conduct any project, a project management plan is required to estimate the cost, ton check
if the project carried out is feasible, to describe the event and activities required to conduct
the project to evaluate the total duration of the completion of the project. The underlying
report is conducted to carry out an engineering project with the help of the Project
Management Plan. Hence project Management Plan is the methodology which includes
initiation, planning, monitoring, implementing and closing of the project. “The Professional
Engineer’s Role in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)” is the theme which is followed throughout
the report to conduct the project and create a sustainable solution for the problem. Life Cycle
Assessment is the technique which is used to evaluate the impact of any design, process and
product in its surrounding. LCA helps to evaluate the product by quantifying from extracting
raw material to complete the life cycle. LCA helps to meet the requirement of the client and
help to deliver a high-quality product.
The report aims at building a project with management skills that meet the requirement of the
sustainability and Life Cycle Assessment. The following report is divided into four learning
outcomes. First learning outcomes help to select the project and justify the selection with
proper explanation of project management plan implemented. Next, with the help of the
Gantt chart, it gives different stages which are described in the management plan of building
the project. Learning outcome third shows the gradual progress of the project with the
duration of completion with the help of logbook. Learning Outcome four teaches and help to
present the media in front of the audience.

LO 1
In this task, the selection of an engineering project occurs for conducting the project
management plan. This task also justifies the selecting of a particular project. In the next
section, the report describes the project plan.
Sustainability
When the design and engineering process occurs in such a way that it does not harm the
future need nor the present requirement then it is known as Sustainability Engineering. Life
Cycle Assessment is the party of Sustainably. Reuse, recycle and reduce are the basic
principle followed in sustaining any product. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is also known as
Life Cycle Analysis is the crucial tool for examining the impact of the environment on the
lifecycle of any product. It helps the designer to design a product in the most sustainable and
improvised version of the product. Life Cycle Assessment (Bakshi,et.al, 2015) follows the
following steps: defining goal and scope, Analysing the inventory, investing the impact of
environment and the last step include interpretation of the analysis. Engineer’s play a very
vital role in maintaining and achieving sustainable development. It is the primary duty of the
engineer to create the design and product such that it uses a minimal amount of resources and
energy and yield a great amount of productivity. Engineers achieve the solution which
enhances the welfare and development of society and nature.
Design for Sustainability
The basic design criteria for creating sustainable product and processes include: the design
must be created with the help of recycling material, it should increase the efficiency of the
energy, it should not use any toxic and harmful materials in (Banuelos, 2016) the design, the
design must be developed in such a way that it extends the life period of the product, the
product created must have the recyclability and reusability factor. It should provide services
in a distinct manner.
Hence during the creation of the + 12 V Variable Power Supply, the concept of sustainability
is kept in mind. The design is created such that it provides power supply to another device.
The design does not cause any harm to the environment or society. It does not cause any type
of noise or air pollution. Various measures and safety actions were taken to safeguard project
from shut- down.

P1
The conduct the report, the engineering project selected is to create, design and test a variable
DC Power Supply which is used for providing power supply to other electronic devices and
test other prototypes. The specification provided to build design is it must have very low
ripple voltage and consistently provide a Stable Output Voltage at any adjusted voltage.
Power Supply is the circuits which are used to transform the electric power of AC or DC into
AC/DC power as output. The four types of Power supply can be created are ripple-regulated,
switching, the Brute force also known as unregulated and linear regulated Power Supply.
Power management is very necessary for any electronic system as it helps to control and
distribute power to the system. Power Supply is used almost (Ceschin and Gaziulusoy, 2016)
everywhere in every field from education to ride a spaceship. The application of power
supply are industries, organisations, educational institutions, military, laboratories,
telecommunication, health and medical care, instrumentation etc.
Requirements for Design
To create a Power Supply the basic component which is used required are transformers,
bridge rectifier, filter, Voltage Regulator, Capacitor, potentiometer, Resistors, Diodes.
Transformers are used to so that 220 AC voltage can be converted into low voltage. It has
two windings i.e. primary and secondary. The rectifier is the devices which convert AC into
DC (Direct current), and this process is called the process of rectification. A full-wave
rectifier is made up of for p-n junction diode. To remove the distortion or ripple after
rectification filters are used which are capacitors. To provide the regulated output voltage
regulator are used for this purpose ICs are easily available. Simple block diagram of Power
Supply is shown in figure 1.
Figure 1: Block Diagram of Power Supply
Source: (Kumar, 2019)

After all the components are collected, three designs solutions were collected. Moreover,
with the components, different software was also used in the designing process. For example,
for three – dimensional designing AutoCAD is used. Fritzing software is taken for designing
the circuit, for the simulation purpose Eagle is used and for PCB simulation Eagle PCB used
Design first
In the first design voltage regulator used is LM350 as IC1, Transformer used is T1 with 3 A
having 12V to 15 V. 10 A diode bridge is used and named as BD1, a resistor of 240-ohm, one
potentiometer VR1 of 1 K. Two diodes D1 and D2 1N4001 – 1A and 100 V is used. Two
diodes namely D3 and D4 1N5402 – 3A 100 V is used. Three capacitor C1, C2 is used for the
design one.
Figure 2: Circuit diagram of design one
Source: (Instructables, 2019)
Design second
Design second includes LM317 as the voltage regulator. It also uses the multi-turn trimmer.
the component list of design second is bridge diode rectifier, 1n4007 as a diode, 7812 fixed
12 V voltage regulator. Resistors and the electrolytic and ceramic capacitor are used. 1 A
Fuse. Step down transformer 1.6 A 15 V, BC557 transistor and gauge wire is used for
building the design second.

Figure 3: Circuit diagram of design two
Source: (Electronics Projects Circuits, 2019)
Design third
The design third uses LM338as the voltage regulator which is capable of supplying the 5 A
current and moreover, the output voltage can be varied from 1.2 V to 30 V. This design
requires only two resistors to maintain the output voltage. It has 10 amps full-wave bridge
rectifier to convert AC into DC. It has four capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4 to smoothen the
ripples. The output voltage can vary from 1.2 V to 28 volts with the help of potentiometer i.e.
Pot VR1.
Figure 4: Circuit Diagram of Design third
Source : (ElProCus, 2019)

Design first is not selected as it makes use of IC1 LM350 as it yields high current with a low
output voltage. And to use IC1 LM350 we need additional heat sink as it becomes very hot
during the full load current.
Design second uses multi-turn trimmer in place of multi-turn (Deb and Sarma, 2016)
potentiometer which is open to various risk and short circuits. Design third is finalized as the
final design because it uses the LM338 voltage regulator which has 1.265 volts has a
minimum output voltage.
P2
Project Management plan helps to decide the order of all the activities involved during the
project. The main aim of the project plan is to estimate the outcome of the project and check
the feasibility criteria of the project. The basic project management plan has five stages
which are described as below:
1. Initiation – The very first stage aims at finding the goal and objective of the project. It
includes describing the feasibility of the project, estimating the major outcomes of the
project. This step includes the following substages:
 Defining goal – the goal of the project is to design a +12 V Variable Power supply for
testing the other devices.
 Identifying the scope of the project – The design created can be used for supplying power
to other electronic devices or can be used to test the other prototype.
 Deciding the stakeholders – Different stakeholders are involved like suppliers,
developers, client, manager etc who have a keen interest in the project.
 Carrying out a feasible study – the design is created with the help of minimal components
and energy consumption. The cost of (Heagney, 2016) making the power supply is also
low and it does not cause any harm to the environment and society.
2. Planning - the second stage is the planning phase in which the whole project is divided
into small chunks and scheduling of the tasks occur. Small goals are created and achieved
with the estimated time. It includes the following steps:
 Creation of project plan- It includes defining the different activities and deciding
timelines.
 Workflow diagram – this include visualization of the plan with the help of a diagram.

 Gathering of components – It includes a collection of all resources which are required to
design the power Supply like transformers, diodes, rectifiers, wires, capacitors, etc.
 Identifying risk and problems – various risk factors (Nicholas and Steyn, 2017) are
identified which can cause a delay in the project. The risk and problems which can occur
during the designing is the risk of a short circuit, components maybe not available easily
3. Execution - This stage helps to get horses on the filed which means that it is the stage in
which actual working on the model occur the step involved are:
 Organizing the task – It involves organizing the task according to time.
 Creating design and models – According to the creation of power supply, three design
were created, and then final design is selected.
 Manging time and budget – it includes managing the time and keeping track of the
resources and
 Testing of the design – It involves testing of the design to ensure that it is working
properly or not.
4. Monitoring and Controlling - after the completion of the and successful working of the
project it is necessary to maintain the project for assuring (Schwalbe, 2015) the
consistency of the project. Steps included in this phase are:
 Checking of the whole system – It is done so that the system does not fail after one or two
times used.
 Making changes – If during checking or updating if any part is not working then it is
removed, and necessary changes are made.
 Monitoring the project – It involves the monitoring and maintenance of the whole project.
5. Closure - It is the last phase which includes the deliverable of the final product and
evaluates the success rate of the project. The step included in this stage is
 Analysing the project – This step involves the final evaluation of the project to ensure all
the requirements are fulfilled.
 Documentation of project – It ensures that all (Talman, 2018) activities are completed and
providing final documentation to the stakeholders.
 Presentation to the client – It is the stage when the project is delivered to the user or is
presented in front of them.
 Taking feedback and suggestions – this step involves taking feedback and suggestion
after the project is delivered to the client.

LO 2
Learning Outcome second aim at defining the different task which needs to be carried out for
the creation of the +12 V variable Power Supply. This task also helps in the planning and
scheduling of the project.
P3
ID Task
Mode
Task Name Duration Start Finish
0 +12 V Variable
Power Supply
31 days Mon
22-07-19
Mon 02-09-19
1 1 Selection of
topic and
stakeholder
3 days Mon
22-07-19
Wed 24-07-19
2 1.1 Selecting the project1 day Mon 22-07-19Mon 22-07-19
3 1.2 Meeting
with the
stakeholder
1 day Tue
23-07-19
Tue 23-07-19
4 1.3 Approval of
the project
1 day Wed
24-07-19
Wed 24-07-19
5 1.4 Milestone 0 days Wed 24-07-19Wed 24-07-19
6 2 Components
collection
5 days Thu
25-07-19
Wed 31-07-19
7 2.1 Research of the topic1 day Thu 25-07-19Thu 25-07-19
8 2.2 Collecting
all components
3 days Fri 26-07-19 Tue 30-07-19
9 2.3 Examining
the component
collected
1 day Wed
31-07-19
Wed 31-07-19
10 2.4 Milestone 0 days Wed 31-07-19Wed 31-07-19
11 3 Building of design6 days Thu 01-08-19Thu 08-08-19
12 3.1 Creating design 12 days Thu 01-08-19Fri 02-08-19
13 3.2 Creating design 22 days Mon 05-08-19Tue 06-08-19
14 3.3 Creating Design 32 days Wed 07-08-19Thu 08-08-19
15 3.4 Milestone 0 days Thu 08-08-19Thu 08-08-19
16 4 Selection of
final design
2 days Fri 09-08-19 Mon 12-08-19
17 4.1 Comapring
all three designs
1 day Fri 09-08-19 Fri 09-08-19
18 4.2 checking
design
contraints
1 day Mon
12-08-19
Mon 12-08-19
19 4.3 milestone 0 days Mon 12-08-19Mon 12-08-19
20 5 Final design 2 days Tue 13-08-19Wed 14-08-19
21 5.1 Analyzing
the final design
1 day Tue
13-08-19
Tue 13-08-19
22 5.2 Evaluating
the final design
1 day Wed
14-08-19
Wed 14-08-19
23 5.3 milestone 0 days Wed 14-08-19Wed 14-08-19
24 6 Testing 4 days Thu 15-08-19Tue 20-08-19
25 6.1 Checking
working
condition of
final design
1 day Thu
15-08-19
Thu 15-08-19
26 6.2 Testing final design2 days Fri 16-08-19 Mon 19-08-19
27 6.3 testing with
other devices
1 day Tue
20-08-19
Tue 20-08-19
28 6.4 milestone 0 days Tue 20-08-19Tue 20-08-19
29 7 Presentation 2 days Wed 21-08-19Thu 22-08-19
30 7.1
presentation to
stakeholders
1 day Wed
21-08-19
Wed 21-08-19
31 7.2 Displaying
project to client
1 day Thu
22-08-19
Thu 22-08-19
32 7.3 milestone 0 days Thu 22-08-19Thu 22-08-19
33 8 Client's feedback3 days Fri 23-08-19 Tue 27-08-19
34 8.1 Acceptance
of deliverable
1 day Fri 23-08-19 Fri 23-08-19
35 8.2 feedback
and changes
2 days Mon
26-08-19
Tue 27-08-19
36 8.3 milestone 0 days Tue 27-08-19Tue 27-08-19
37 9 Final Changes 4 days Wed 28-08-19Mon 02-09-19
38 9.1 Collecting feedback2 days Wed 28-08-19Thu 29-08-19
39 9.2
implementating
Changes
2 days Fri 30-08-19 Mon 02-09-19
40 9.3 milestone 0 days Mon 02-09-19Mon 02-09-19
24-07
31-07
08-08
12-08
14-08
20-08
22-08
27-08
02-09
21 23 25 27 29 31 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 01 03 05
July 2019 August 2019 September 2019
Figure 5: Gantt Chart

LO 3
To observe how the project progresses during its life cycle and what are the different stages
involved during the creation is discussed in this task. It also describes the task as well as
mention start and finish date wit5h the help of logbook.
P4
Task Name Duration Start Finish
+12 V Variable Power Supply 31 days Mon 22-07-19 Mon 02-09-19
Selection of topic and
stakeholder approval 3 days Mon 22-07-19 Wed 24-07-19
Selecting the project 1 day Mon 22-07-19 Mon 22-07-19
Meeting with the
stakeholder 1 day Tue 23-07-19 Tue 23-07-19
Approval of the project 1 day Wed 24-07-19 Wed 24-07-19
Milestone 0 days Wed 24-07-19 Wed 24-07-19
Components collection 5 days Thu 25-07-19 Wed 31-07-19
Research on the topic 1 day Thu 25-07-19 Thu 25-07-19
Collecting all components 3 days Fri 26-07-19 Tue 30-07-19
Examining the component
collected 1 day Wed 31-07-19 Wed 31-07-19
Milestone 0 days Wed 31-07-19 Wed 31-07-19
Building design 6 days Thu 01-08-19 Thu 08-08-19
Creating design 1 2 days Thu 01-08-19 Fri 02-08-19
Creating design 2 2 days Mon 05-08-19 Tue 06-08-19
Creating Design 3 2 days Wed 07-08-19 Thu 08-08-19
Milestone 0 days Thu 08-08-19 Thu 08-08-19
Selection of final design 2 days Fri 09-08-19 Mon 12-08-19
Comparing all three designs 1 day Fri 09-08-19 Fri 09-08-19
checking design constraints 1 day Mon 12-08-19 Mon 12-08-19
milestone 0 days Mon 12-08-19 Mon 12-08-19
Final design 2 days Tue 13-08-19 Wed 14-08-19
Analysing the final design 1 day Tue 13-08-19 Tue 13-08-19