Natural Disaster Analysis: The 2011 Tsunami in Japan - Report

This report examines the phenomenon of tsunamis, defining them as a series of high-volume waves that can reach significant heights and cause extensive destruction to coastal areas. It delves into the scientific reasons behind tsunamis, including the role of seismic waves from tectonic plate movements and undersea volcanic eruptions, with the Pacific Ocean being highlighted as a high-risk zone. The report discusses the negative impacts of tsunamis, such as loss of life, property damage, and economic consequences. It provides the 2011 Japan tsunami as a key example, detailing the magnitude 9.0 earthquake, the resulting tsunami, the significant loss of life, and the substantial economic losses. The report concludes by emphasizing the challenges posed by tsunamis and their dependence on natural changes in the earth's surface. The references provided offer further insight into the topic.

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Tsunami
T-tsunami, is Japanese term tsunami 津津, word that means “harbour waves”. It is a series of
waves in the oceans and seas seems as high volume waves reaching in the heights to the
seashore, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), on top of land, and
destroying the surroundings (Atwater, Musumi-Rokkaku, Satake, Tsuji, Ueda, & Yamaguchi,
2016).
Scientific Reason behind Tsunami
Curst, core and mental are layers of the inner earth, they keep making motions inside. These
motions cause some seismic wave’s causing the earthquakes, tectonic plate movements, and
undersea volcanic eruptions. These waves never appear suddenly but they keep moving
below the water on crust. They travel inland, and create higher and higher tides in the water
at the depth of the oceans. Pacific ocean is the highest risky ocean that experience maximum
numbers of ocean tsunami, it has a “Ring of Fire” a geologically active area having volcanoes
and earthquakes common.
Negative impact
Sometimes tsunami waves got high and reach to the land causing damages to the in many
form, as loss to lives, properties in coastal areas. Very high tsunamis can cause
destruction to coastal areas thousands of miles away from the earthquake that caused them.
Everything in the surroundings face destruction in many forms, it leads a high cost to the
people and government to rebuild the entire coastal area and loss to the lives is impossible to
recover (Park, Cox, & Barbosa, 2017).
Challenges
Tsunami causes many challenges to the people, others creatures, government, and economy
of the country. The sound effects of the tsunami on the nation state throughout this duration
series from damage and destruction, injury, death, load of amount in economic loss, and
lifelong psychosomatic problems for the populations of the area.
Examples
In the year 2011, on March 11 a magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck in the Pacific Ocean, near
the northeast coast of the Tōhoku region of Japan’s Honshu island, caused massive tsunami

more than 200 square miles of the coastal land. Government gave it name the Great Japan
Earthquake having the height of 38 meters (World vision;, 2020).
It caused loss of 20,000 people as dead or missing, and more than 500,000 people were
forced to evacuate. a nuclear power plant breakdown caused a nuclear emergency and a direct
economic loss from this entire tsunami and nuclear tragedy is assessed at $360 billion (World
vision;, 2020).
Conclusion
Tsunami is a common natural disaster that is totally depending over the natural changes in the
earth surface under the water, in form of the earthquake, volcanic eruptions and tide waves. It
the height of the tide waves reaches at the highest height to the coastal area it can cause
damages to the people, economy, and government that remain challenging for many years.
Hence, it is the most challenging disaster among the natural disaster.

References
Atwater, B. F., Musumi-Rokkaku, S., Satake, K., Tsuji, Y., Ueda, K., & Yamaguchi, D. K.
(2016). The orphan tsunami of 1700: Japanese clues to a parent earthquake in North
America. Washington: University of Washington Press.
Park, H., Cox, D. T., & Barbosa, A. R. (2017). Comparison of inundation depth and
momentum flux based fragilities for probabilistic tsunami damage assessment and
uncertainty analysis. Coastal Engineering, 10-26.
World vision;. (2020). 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami: Facts, FAQs, and how to help.
Retrieved April 05, 2020, from worldvision.org:
https://www.worldvision.org/disaster-relief-news-stories/2011-japan-earthquake-and-
tsunami-facts