Annotated Bibliography: 3D Printing Applications and Innovations

This annotated bibliography provides an overview of 3D printing technology, encompassing various aspects from its applications in schools and industries to the materials used and the future prospects. The bibliography includes articles and reports from various authors and websites, such as The Christian Science Monitor, 3DTin, Thingiverse, and ExtremeTech. The sources discuss the evolution of 3D printing, the different types of printers, the materials used (ABS and PLA), and the potential impact on various sectors, including manufacturing, healthcare, and education. The bibliography also highlights the challenges, such as the cost and technical complexity of 3D printers, and the need for more accessible education on the subject. Several articles discuss the use of 3D printing in creating prototypes, medical applications, and the manufacturing of plane parts. The annotated sources offer insights into the current state and future of 3D printing technology, providing a comprehensive understanding of its potential and limitations.

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Annotated bibliography
Institutional affiliation
3D printing

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Hustad, Karis. "3-D Printing in Schools: The next Industrial Revolution?" The Christian Science
Monitor. The Christian Science Monitor, 22 Nov. 2013. Web. 09 Jan. 2014.
http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/2013/1122/3-D-printing-in-schools-The-next-industrial-
revolution
Hustad, Karis. Is a professor of science in the university of Manchester, he has worked
there for more than 10 years and has vast experience in 3D printing and other scientific
technologies.In this article, Husted Karis notes that 3D printing is a fast rising phenomenon. He
says that through 3D printing visual effects of very many things will be able to be altered and
even produced in short; the presence of 3D printing will enhance the lives of human beings. The
article however states that not everyone can access the 3D printers. He gives the reason for this
as the fact that that type of knowledge is not well spread. Hustad Karis says that “This is the first
year that Sullivan is using the 3-D printer in the classroom, so the work they’ve done so far has
been more experimental.” He concludes his article on a low note by saying as much as this
phenomenal is quite exciting.
Lagoa. "3DTin by Lagoa." 3DTin. 3DTin by Lagoa, n.d. Web. 09 Jan. 2014.
http://www.3dtin.com
Lagoa. Writes for 3D tin.com he is a well read writer from the university of London. He
has specialized in technology and 3D artifacts. His articles in the creation and adoption of 3D
technology is in depth. This has made him standout as a writer in this sector. Lagoa says that 3D
design programs that have been developed gives the freedom to the users of 3D printing when
creating different types of shapes such as the cubes, fonts and cylinders. He says that the existing

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types are created in a way that they are able to be created and manipulated easily by different
users of the system Lagoa concludes his article citing that currently 3D printing can be
accessible to the whole public due to free software that can be easily learned by any individual
or corporate users.
"Newest - Thingiverse." Newest - Thingiverse. Ed. Thingiverse. Thingiverse, n.d. Web.
08 Jan. 2014.
http://www.thingiverse.com
The website thingiverse.com has been in existent for 3 years now. It has mainly been
known for displaying articles of things that are the most talked about. The website usually covers
quite a range of subjects such as the latest technological gadgets. In this website, the content
writer tries to give an overview of the different designs of 3D printing that can be used by
different individuals. These designs are made available online for download and they can be
edited through different software. And STL formats which allow different designs to be
produced across the vast number of software.
Hodgson, Gary. "Garyhodgson.com/reprap." Garyhodgsoncomreprap. RepRap Pro, n.d. Web. 16
Jan.2014.
http://garyhodgson.com/reprap/prusa-mendel-visual-instructions/
Hodgson, Gary is a well established lecturer, and journalist. He has worked in different
fields including the arts sector, theatre and even the technological sector. His vast experiences
have made him receive different accolades as one of the leading writers in the industry. This
document by Hodgson was ment to issue instructions which would be used in the creation of the
Prusa model. This is one of the most popular models that are being used by public users of 3D

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printers. In the article Hodgson says “demonstrated that the building process of the 3d printer is
more than one would expect. The Prusa Mendel model is known as one of the most basic forms,
but the lengthy instructions show how much effort is needed to build one. Although it is partially
self replicable, it would be hard for a normal person to build a printer.”
Luke. "The Difference Between ABS and PLA for 3D Printing."ProtoParadigm Blog.
ProtoParadigm, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
http://www.protoparadigm.com/blog/2013/01/the-difference-between-abs-and-pla-for-3d-
printing/
Luke is a lecturer a researcher and a writer. He has written for five years now and
he has had numerous articles cited as one of the best in the different fields that he has written
about. In this article Luke gives the basics in 3D printing. This also includes the different uses of
3D printings. The article starts by defining the 3D printing as a “manufacturing process which
allows computer generated images to come into reality.” the article gives an overview right from
the beginning by describing the raw material that is used which include plastic metal and
ceramic. The article states that the printer employs the use of digital blue print which gives a
vivid guide as well as construction of the raw material which creates the 3D object itself. As far
as the uses are concerned, they include the very common industrial uses. However of late that
has changed as it is currently being used on small scale in jewelry making and in retails. Luke
cites the reason for the change in usage as having been brought about by the reduction in price.

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Lerner, Evan. "Penn Researchers Improve Living Tissues With 3D Printed Vascular Networks
Made From Sugar." Penn News. University of Pennsylvania, n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2014.
http://www.upenn.edu/pennnews/news/penn-researchers-improve-living-tissues-3d-printed-
vascular-networks-made-sugar
Lerner is a professional researcher. He has written more than 100 published articles to
different fields. He started writing professional articles on different aspects of the changing times
in the year 2007 and now has developed to be one of the well established names in the research
area.on the topic of 3D printing Lerner writes that, As much as Vascular systems are essential for
organs to fully grow or function properly in the long run. According to Lerner, Former
researchers have succeeded in producing organs or tissues, but the lack of blood vessels limited
the opportunities. The vessel printing was done by creating the base and adding a mold shell, and
then deleting the base, which is sugar. Sugar was available to use by modifying the RepRap,
which is a customizable open source 3d printer. Gel with cell culture is later used to cover the 3d
printed structure and the cells are able to grow on the object. This just goes to show just how
important 3D printing is both currently and in future.
Whitwam, Ryan. "Why the 3D Printing Revolution Wouldn't Happen in Your
Garage."ExtremeTech. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2014.
http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/134833-why-the-3d-printing-revolution-wont-happen-in-
your-garage
Whitwam is a modern technological enthusiast writer. He writes a lot of articles for
Extremetech.com now for 4 years and is very much experienced in the field of
technology and more specifically 3D printing. In this article on the revolution of 3D

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printing, Whitwam states that Modern gadgets are becoming more intricate and harder to
replace. Thus, it can be a stretch to expect replacing parts with 3d printed objects. So far,
the printers have become more financially available, but they are not worth the cost since
the only material that can be put into use is only plastic. Once the printers become
capable of printing more complicated and functional objects at a cheaper cost, the printer
can bring a much bigger revolution to the consumers. More intricate and high-tech
machines have to be more affordable for this to happen.
Recommendations
Currently there are 3d printers that can satisfy consumers but they are
unaffordable and it is hard to use since many of them are manipulated versions of a
REPRAP or a high-end product that is capable of using mulit-materials. Either the
printers have to become easier, or education regarding 3d printers has to become more
available. The use of 3D printing has been brought about by the need for fast production.
It is therefore no surprise that 3D printing and printers are here to stay and to help the
world move into the next phase. There are various uses of these printers, however the fact
that they are quite expensive and technical to use has discouraged most people from using
them. This however should not be the case as the 3D printers are bound to enhance
processing speeds and the general life of human beings.