This project report details the design and simulation of a 4-20 mA current loop for a temperature sensor, specifically using a Pt100 sensor. The report begins with an introduction to temperature measurement and the advantages of the 4-20 mA current loop in industrial applications. It covers the problem statement, proposed solutions, and objectives, including designing a 4-20 mA current loop, applying it to a Pt100 temperature measurement system (0-100°C), and simulating the circuit using SPICE software. The literature review explores various temperature sensors, 4-20 mA transmitter principles, and the HART protocol. The system design section delves into the circuit's components, including the transmitter, load resistor, and considerations for wire resistance and voltage drops. The project includes error analysis, performance optimization, and simulation results with and without the HART protocol. The report concludes with recommendations for future work, highlighting the design process, component selection, simulation results, and the addition of the HART protocol to the system.
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