Organizational Behavior: Analyzing 4com plc's Culture and Performance

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of 4com plc's organizational behavior. It examines the influence of organizational culture, politics, and power dynamics on individual and team behavior and performance. The report delves into the impact of workplace politics, highlighting both positive and negative aspects, and explores the allocation and implications of power within the organization. Furthermore, it evaluates the application of content and process theories of motivation, such as Vroom's Expectancy Theory, to enhance employee performance and achieve organizational goals. The report also differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, discussing concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior, and the role of Handy's cultural model. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of these factors in fostering a positive work environment and driving overall business success. The report uses 4com plc as a case study to illustrate these concepts.

UNIT 12 OB

Table of Content
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Analyze how an organization's culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behavior and performance of 4com plc.......................................................................................1
Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable
effective achievement of goals ...................................................................................................3
What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team..............................................6
Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour.............................................................8
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Operations and the performance that are remained occupied in the consideration by the
company will help the organisation to have a significant growth and development. This will help
in the proper management of the operations and thus will help the firm to have a significant
behaviour in a very effective manner (Miner, 2015). This is required to be effectively managed
in order to have a significant growth and development that will help the fir to carry out its
business operations in a very significant manner. For the report, 4com plc. is been chosen as the
organisation of context.
The current assessment will be including variety of factors which are including the
company in carrying the operations in correct and effective manner. The impact of power,
politics and culture of the operations and behaviour of an individual as well as a firm is been
evaluated. The content and process theories of motivation are been chosen with the analysis of an
effective team over the ineffective team. Other than this, various concepts and philosophies of
organisational behaviour is been evaluated at the business.
MAIN BODY
Power, policies and culture impacting team and individual behaviour in 4com Plc.
4com PLC or any other firm will see through the effective placing of the business
operations that will help the organisation to handle the operations that are based on the cultural,
political and power factors that are been shared among the organisation or the firm. These factors
shows a very crucial part in the management of the business operations and activities that will
help the firm to carry out operations of business that are been carried out at selected
telecommunication entity (Wagner III and Hollenbeck, 2014). Thus this will be helping the
management of organisation into proper planning and sustainable growth as well. This will also
be helping into better management of operations of business and having team management in
developing effective team. The team building is the major factor that is required to be managed
and see out by the selected business entity as this factor is the most susceptible entity to the
adverse impact of the cultural, political and power vectors that can impact the overall
performance of the operations in a more effective and significant manner.
Workplace politics that is been followed by 4com Plc. will help them to enhance quality
of operations and improve motivation and confidence level of employee's workplace. However,
it may have negative impact on operations of organisation. The negative workplace politics will
1

cause the work force or staff to lose their interest in the work, affecting their dedication and may
lead to the employee to get turn around (Luthans, Luthans and Luthans, 2015). Thus, the firm is
required to enhance the quality of the work environment for carrying out the business operations
in much effective and suitable manner. Besides this, it is also required to enhance the quality of
operations that are been taken in consideration by the firm. Adverse and non-supportive work
place politics may cause the employees to develop a non-supportive, reluctant and adamant
behaviour that can affect the overall functionality of the organisation. The negative behaviour
will affect the team building of the firm and thus will impact the business operations and
activities to a greater extant. This can be said that the positive management of the workplace
politics will help the organisation to carry out the business operations and development of good
individual and team behaviour and performance.
Power is also the crucial factor that impacts the overall performance of the operation and
thus will lead to the management of the effective operations and thus will lead to the
management of operations in an effective and significant manner. The power is been allocated by
the management of a selected telecommunication enterprise to its specific employees in order to
carry out the business operations and activities in much effective and significant manner. The
power allocation should be made in a very cautious manner, as the wrong person with the power
or authority at the workplace may lead to the failure of communication and thus may cause
development of negative perception or behaviour that will help the fir to carry out the business
operations in much effective way (Jesinoski, Miller and Volker, 2016). A good power to take the
appropriate decisions is very important for the firm as it will impact the business operations and
activities in much suitable manner and in a very effective manner. Besides this, a good power
and authority will help in the proper guidance and thus, will support the improvement in the
performance of the business operations and activities that will help the organisation to have a
good growth and management of the business activities that are been followed by the selected
business entity.
The 4com plc is a telecommunication service company having the effective management and
efficient service delivery to it customer. The culture play an important role in management of an
organisation. There are various cultural models implemented in business organisation. In 4com
plc handy's cultural model is implemented. According to model , the organisation have 4
different kinds of culture that are- Power, Role, Task, Person.
2

Power – in this type of culture the organisation have the power in hand of few individuals only.
they have the power what to decide . In such organisation mainly employee has been judged with
their achievement. There is quick decision making in such type of culture.
Role – organisation which have role culture are based upon rules. They are having high control
as each and every person in company have there own roles and responsibilities. The role is
according to the position of employee. Mainly the organisation have hierarchy structure followed
role culture. There is long decision making process as it is very bureaucratic.
Task culture- when the formation of team take place for the completion of particular task or
project or for the rectification of particular problem. As the problem is important so the power
shift within team according to the status of problem and mix of team members. A mixture of
right skills , personalities and leadership should be there for productive and creative problem
solution.
Person culture- In such type of culture, the individual see themselves as superior and unique in
organisation. Organisation must exist to work for people as this is collection of people who
happen to be working for the same organisation.
Hence the 4com plc is having the hierarchy structure and having the role culture followed in
organisation as each and every person in an organisation is entitled with its own role and
responsibilities to increase the efficiency in an organisation to achieve it goal and objective.
3

Culture of 4com Plc. is also helping in effective management of operations, enhancing
service quality and overall performance of its operations. In an organisation, workforce from
various cultural backgrounds will come together to carry out telecommunication operations that
are been followed by the firm. Thus helping firm to enhance their quality of service and products
both in way of carrying the operations successfully and leading to increase in level of
performance (Miner, 2015). The management of selected firm will have to see through proper
management of the people with different cultural backgrounds to carry out business operation
and activities that will help the firm to enhance the overall performance and operations that are
been taken in the consideration. Any sort of cultural difference at the workplace will impact the
operations and activities that will help the organisation to enhance the business operations and
actions in much effective way.
Thus, all this factors are required to be taken in the effective consideration by firm in
order to have a good team building and setting up of the operations that will help the
organisation to enhance the quality of services and actions that will lead to the management of
the business operations and activities within the organisation. It will lay a good influence on
individual and team behaviour to have a good risen performance of the selected
telecommunication business firm.
Process and content theory of motivation
Motivational techniques are required to be taken in consideration by firm that will help to
enhance quality of performance and thus will lead organisation to carry out business activities
and operations in much suitable and effective manner. This will help firm to enhance the quality
of products and services that are been taken at the workplace and thus will help in suitable
management of the business activities and the action plans that are been undertaken within the
consideration by the firm (Pinder, 2014).
All process and content theories of motivation will be allowing firm in improving
services and products so that 4com Plc. Would be able to adopt action plan in effective manner.
The motivation and encouragement process that are been taken in consideration will help firm to
enhance overall operation and this will help firm to carry out business operations and action
plans in much suitable and effective manner (Luthans, Luthans and Luthans, 2015). The
motivation and motivational theories including process and content theories are been taken in
4

consideration by firm to manage theories and operations that help firm to enhance quality of
products and services by encouraging employees to perform well. Some major process and
content theories that is been taken in consideration by firm are as follows:
Process theory: the process theories are the concepts and the action plans that are been taken in
the consideration by the fir that will help their organisation that will help the organisation to
enhance the quality of products and services offered by a firm. These theories will state and
support in the development of the knowledge about human behaviour is been effected and
motivated (Wagner III and Hollenbeck, 2014).
The major Process theory that is been taken in the consideration by the selected is Vroom's
Expectancy theory which is as follows:
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: This theory starts the motivation as a process that governs the
choices and the voluntary behaviour that is been taken in the consideration by the firm like 4com
PLC. This factors involve the 3 factors which are as follows:
Expectancy: It is based on the principle that more efforts will help the organisation to handle the
operations and action plans that will help the firm to enhance the quality of services and products
by an individual employee. This states that if a team or a team member will work harder, the
organisation will have an improvement in its performance.
Instrumentality: this is the factor that the operations of the organisation will help the firm to
carry out the business operations and actions in much suitable manner that they are meant to be
interconnected. It states that if an individual or a group of people will perform better, they will be
defiantly rewarded. This will motivate them to perform them in most effective manner.
Valance: It is an extent of the acceptance of the value of the person to adopt the result of success
and the team work. This will motivate the team to improve their performance to a greater extent.
Content theory: This is the set of theories and action plans that help the firm to identify what
factors will affect the motivation and how to management them successfully in order to get the
desires results from the operations and action plans that will support the growth and development
of the firm (Greenberg, 2014).
The content theory involves the assessment of the needs and requirements of an individual
person based on the Maslow's hierarchy of needs, that helps in developing the better
understanding of the factors that impacts the motivation to a greater extent. The Maslow's
Hierarchy of neds theory is as follows:
5

 Physiological needs: This are been termed as the major and basic needs of an individual
that are required to be fulfilled at the workplace in order to motivate the person to
perform and take the appropriate operation in a very effective way. It involves the needs
like food, water, shelter cloths etc (Gelfand And et.al., 2017).
 Safety needs: This are the needs that are been taken in consideration by the fir in order to
carry out the business operations and activities to have a better rise in the protection
elements like job security, freedom of fear, personal safety etc. that will help the firm to
enhance the quality of services and actions which lead to the adoption the business
quality and operations in a very significant manner.
 Love and belongingness needs: this are the psychological needs that are been taken in
consideration that will help the individual at the firm that will support a good rise in
6
Illustration 1: Maslow Hierarchy of needs
Source: McLeod, 2018

meeting of motivational requirements of the individual at the firm. This involves the
friendship, lover and other relationships (Carpenter, Berry and Houston, 2014).
 Esteem needs: This involves that factors that will help the firm to enhance the
confidence level of the organisation that will lead the firm to improve their performance.
It is the desire to have feeling of achievement and reputation from others, that drives the
person to act and perform in a better way.
 Self actualization: this is the personal realization of the potential, self-fulfilment of one's
personal desires and actions in much effective and significant manner (Miner, 2015). This
improves the performance level of the organisation in much effective manner.
All these factors will help the firm to enhance the quality of measures and the
performance of the individual in an organisation. All this factors will help the organisation to
enhance the quality of service that are been taken in consideration by the fir to meet the needs
and requirements of the individual.
Effective and ineffective team
A team is a group of people that come and work together to have an effective and
significant growth of the operations that will help the organisation to enhance the quality of
business operations and action plans that are been developed by the firm. A good, well
maintained and effective team will help the organisation to enhance the quality of products and
services that are been developed in the firm and taken in consideration to have an effective
profitability and effectiveness (Podsakoff, Mackenzie and Podsakoff, 2016).
An effective team is a group of skilled and efficient leaders that help the organisation to
handle the business operations and activities in a very effective way. The effective team is very
different from that of the ineffective one in many ways such as:
Effective team Ineffective team
An effective team is capable to find the
solutions to every issues they face.
An ineffective team fails to solutions to the
issues and drawbacks that they face.
Each and every member of an effective team
contributes in the development and fulfilling
the goals and operations related to the
The members in an ineffective team fail to
maintain a proper management of the business
operations and activities causing the team to
7

organisation. fail.
If any conflict arises, the effective team try to
resolve it in the most effective and shortest
manner possible.
They fail to resolve the conflict, causing the
firm to have prolonged discussion and delay in
work (Klotz and Neubaum, 2016).
They follow all the code of conducts and other
operations that will help the firm to impact the
business operation and other operations that
are been taken in the consideration by the firm.
There is no proper code of conduct that will
help the firm or an organisation to enhance the
quality of products and services, leading to the
failure of operations by the firm.
Proper decision making is been carried out at
the effective team, improving the performance
of the business organisation (Bolman and Deal,
2017).
The decision making in an ineffective team is
susceptible to failure impacting the overall
performance of the organisation to greater
extent.
There are various measures and theories that will help the selected organisation to have a
good development of the effective and efficient team. These theories and action plans will help
the firm to enhance the overall performance operations and undertake the measures that will
support the firm to enhance the quality of products and services that are been offered by the firm
(Lazaroiu, 2015). The effective team development measures and theories like Tuckman's team
building theory that are been taken in the consideration by the firm are as follows:
Tuckman's Team building Theory: Stated by Bruce Wayne Tuckman in 1965, this theory
states the various stages of team development that will help the firm to have a very good team
dynamics. This includes the 5 stages that will help the selected firm to enhance the business
measures and activities which will lead the organisation to enhance the quality of team building
which are as follows:
Stage 1: Forming: This is the process that will help the firm to develop the effective team it will
help the organisation to gather the effective team members to build and effective and efficient
team. Suitable screening process is been carried outto select the best employees for the team
(Kinicki and Fugate, 2016).
Stage 2: Storming: This is the process under which the effective planning of the team
development process is been taken in the consideration, the effective marketing plan and the
8

operations related to the business operations are been taken in the consideration. Besides this,
many of the team members opt to leave at this stage due to the extensive level of conflicts.
Stage 3: Norming: At this stage, the team will be susceptible to face certain issues and conflicts
that can affect the overall performance of the organisation. A sense of mutual understanding and
team bonding develops at the team that helps the fir to enhance the quality of products and
services that are been taken at the firm.
Stage 4: Performing: At this stage the effective team that is been developed at the firm
performs and executes the plan that is been developed (Kanfer and Chen, 2016). The conflicts
are been resolved and the output is been given that improves the work performance of the overall
firm.
Stage 5: Adjourning: When the purpose of the team building is been fulfilled, the team is been
dissolved and the constituent team members are then sent to work on any other project.
Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour
Various concepts and philosophies of the organisational behaviour is been taken in the
consideration by the firm. These concepts and philosophies will help in the improvement of the
business operations and thus will support the proper growth of a wide variety of business
operations and development of the behaviour of a team and an individual (Leana and Meuris,
2015). The concept of organisational behaviour includes two major concepts that are been taken
in the consideration by the firm which are nature of people and nature of organisation. Both this
factors impact the operations of the organisations that will help the firm to enhance the quality of
their products and services in a very effective manner.
In an organisation there should be the leadership in such a way that a leaders should change the
style of leadership according to the situation as to achieve the goal of organisation. The path
goal theory is part of group of leadership of contingency model.
Just in same way of expectancy theory , path goal theory use to motivate the employees to
achieve the objective of company. According to this theory there are 4 type of leadership-
Directive – In this type of leadership there should be clear direction to employee what they have
to do and what management want from them and what is the complete deadline for the work.
This type of leadership is similar to telling style of situational leadership hence thence the leader
make unambiguous rules and regulation must followed by subordinates
9

Supportive- as the word can be understood there should be friendly and warm environment and
have concern to there subordinates. There is friendly approach between leader and employee so
that they can work more pleasantly in environment.
Participative-the leaders should have collaborative and must include their employees in decision
making process of an organisation by welcoming there input and efforts . This makes the leader
to have creative had innovative ideas from brainstorming of employees.
Achievement oriented- this is type of challenging leadership in which the leader use to challenge
there employees to prove there excellence in workplace. There should be high standard so that
the efficiency can be increased.
Nature of people: This is the key factor that impacts the operations of the firm to enhance the
quality of products and services that is been offered. A good and supportive nature of the people
will help the firm to enhance the quality of products and services that will help the organisation
to enhance the quality of business operations and thus will lead the firm to enhance the
operational effectiveness of an individual or a team as a whole (Zhu and et.al., 2015). This
involve the various factors such as:
 Individual differences: the individual difference is the major factor that influence the
impact of the business operations in a very significant manner. Proper resolution of these
measures is important as it can affect the team bonding and thus impact the performance
of the firm.
 Perception: it is an ability to conclude and develop a mindset about someone and
something. It is a crucial factor as a negative perception influence the business
performance of the organisation in significant manner.
 Motivation: This is the key factor that impacts the overall performance of the
organisation or an individual person. This is the major motivating factor that impacts the
performance of the organisation. It involves the positive and negative motivation, which
encourages a person in one or the other way to have a good behaviour at selected
organisation.
Nature of organisation: This is the factor that impacts the overall performance of the
organisation. It defines the character of company, by setting certain social roles and
10