Organisational Behaviour Analysis and Report for 4com plc

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour within 4com plc, a telecommunications company. It begins by examining how organisational culture, politics, and power influence individual and team behaviour, referencing Handy's model of culture and French and Raven's model of power. The report then evaluates content and process theories of motivation, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Vroom's expectancy theory, alongside motivational techniques such as training and employee engagement. Furthermore, the report differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, highlighting factors that contribute to team success. Finally, it applies concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within the context of 4com plc, drawing conclusions about how these elements impact overall performance and organizational goals. The report emphasizes the importance of adapting organizational strategies to meet market trends and employee needs.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance with special reference to 4com plc.................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
enable effective achievement of goals........................................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team............................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational
context.........................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
.......................................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour means study in which people interact with other individuals.
This is the way through which organisational environment can be more effective and relevant.
Organisational behaviour is the way through which good culture can be maninatned within
association Approaches of organisational behaviour are used to get maximum outcome from
individual as well as team (Andriof and et. al., 2017). There are different employees in
organisation, so it is essential to make alterations which are effective and significant for
achieving targets. This report is based on 4com plc which deals in telecommunication sector.
This organisation was established in 1999 with an objective to improve communication channel
for society. In this report, there is discussion about organisational power, politics and culture
influencing individual and team behaviour, process and content theory of motivation, effective
team in opposition of ineffective team, concept and philosophies of organisational behaviour.
TASK 1
P1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance with special reference to 4com plc
Organisation is the place where number of employees are working in team to attain
common goals and objectives. There are varieties of people having difference in their mindset, so
it is essential to make changes which are relevant and significant for organisational growth.
Organisation behaviour is a way through which behaviour of employees which they perform
with others can be studied.
Organisational culture
Organisational culture means belief, assumptions, values and ways through which
individuals interact in social and psychological environment. It involves vision, values, systems,
norms which helps to attain goals and objectives. This is the behaviour which is relevant and
affects business organisation environment in either negative or positive way (Bester, Stander and
Van Zyl, 2015). 4COM PLC is telecommunication organisation. In this sector, there is much
competition so managers have to work with different techniques to maintain proper brand image
in industry. There are four types of organisational culture which can be understood with Handy's
Model. This is discussed as under-
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Power culture: In this type of culture, there are few employees who have power to decide
business operations. This culture is effective for fast decision making and they need niot to
contact upper level managers for every task. This helps to perform operations in appropriate way
because managers provide proper guide and direction to workers. In case of negative results,
they are responsible and answerable to top level managers. There are possibilities of negative use
of power which affects customer satisfaction and there are possibilities of personal grievances at
workplace.
Role culture:In this type of culture, role are assigned to employees according to skills
and competencies (Burrell and Morgan, 2017). In 4COM PLC, there are many employees having
difference in their knowledge, education, qualification, etc. So, it is the responsibility of
managers to assign duties and responsibilities accordingly. This helps to improve performance of
individual as well as team. In order to improve quality of services offered by employees
managers of 4COM PLC must use different training methods.
Task culture: Task are the responsibilities through which overall objectives of
organisations can be achieved. As per this task managers of 4COM PLC provide different task to
team or individuals and then actions are taken in order to get improve overall performance of
association. There is difference in working style of workers, so managers of 4COM PLC are
responsible for delivering appropriate guidance. There is difference in working style of
employees, hence with the help of task culture it is easy to get best outcome from employees.
This is the best culture of improving individual as well as team performance.
Person culture: As per this culture, 4COM PLC give priority to employees demand and
need. Managers feels like they are responsible for attaining goals and objectives hence
employee's satisfaction is the key to perform business objectivities. This is the culture which
helps to maintain long term relations with employees and they are satisfied with work place.
There is good working environment for employees. This helps to improve performance of
employees and as well as team (Carney, Cuddy and Yap, 2015).
4COM PLC is the company which deals in telecommunication sector having numerous
employees. So this is relevant and significant for performing operations according to market
trends. There is difference in consumer demand, so task culture must be used. This helps to get
positive outcome from performance of employees because roles and responsibilities are assigned
according to core competencies.
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Organisational politics
Organisational politics refers to variety of activities which is performed by employees at
work place to maintain tactics to improve personal as well as organisational intertest.it has
positive as well as negative impact on business operations. In 4COM PLC, there are possibilities
of some gossips and flaws in communication due to which this affects team as well as
organisational work in negative way (Christina and et. al., 2014). This not only gives negative
impact but have some positive impact on 4COM PLC . For instance this helps to get knowledge
about employee's mindset and knowledge. In case there is change in plans and policies, then
reaction can be known and actions for betterment.
Organisational power
Organisational power means ruling by few employees over other. With the help of
organisational power, top level managers of 4COM PLC take fast decisions and hence objectives
can be achieved on time. There must be some power to subordinate so they can make fast
decisions as per demand of consumers. Power culture can be understood with the help of French
and Ravens model. This model was derived in 1959 and has six types of powers which are
discussed as under-
Legitimate power- According to this power, employees has right to ask for his/ her basic
formal rights to make demand and expect others to be formal and polite. In case of 4COM PLC,
this power helps to provide satisfaction to workforce and hence they are able to give best.
Reward power- This is the power which provides right to employees of 4COM PLC to
reward other personnel according to performance of employees (Coccia and Cadario, 2014).
Expert power- In 4COM PLC, there are some knowledge, skills, qualification having
individual. There is some changes which is effective and significant for performing business
operations in better way of 4COM PLC.
Referent power- Every employees of 4COM PLC has power to get respect from othgers.
This is effective for improving performance of individual as well team.
Coercive power- This power is provided to top level of managers of 4COM PLC. They
have right to punish or penalise individual in case of negative result or non completion of
assigned task.
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Informational power- This power is also contained by top level managers of 4COM PLC.
There are some information in organisation such as financial data, future prospective ideas, etc.
can not be delivered to external person. So this right helps to stoppage of such information.
TASK 2
P2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable
effective achievement of goals
Motivation is the process through which managers of organisation make efforts to
perform operations in desirable manner (Coccia, 2014). Motivation is important because it helps
to attain goals and objectives in appropriate way. There is difference in mindset of employees of
4COM PLC, so with the help of motivation, employees are clear with their roles and
responsibility. Motivation helps to perform operations in synchronize manner. Motivation can be
understood with the help of process and content theory.
CONTENT THEORY
Content theory means measures taken to analyse reason of change in human behaviour
with time. This is important and relevant for providing satisfaction to customer need. Content
theory can be understood with the help of Maslow's Need-Hierarchy Theory.
Maslow's Need-Hierarchy Theory
Maslow's Need-Hierarchy Theory was launched by Ahraham Maslow in 1943. This
theory is effective and relevant for attaining goals and objectives. This theory can be understood
with the help of pyramid, which is discussed as under-
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(Source: Maslow's Need-Hierarchy Theory, 2017)
Physiological needs- This is the basic and primary need of employees. i.e. food, shelter,
water. This is the first and prime requirement of employees which has to be satisfied while
working at 4COM PLC.
Safety and security need- After basic need, safety and security need arises. At workplace
employees wants safe and secure environment. This is important to motivate employees to give
best. proper lighting, ventilation, etc. are some aspect which has to be considered by managers of
4COM PLC.
Belongingness and love need- After safety and security need, employees wants to make
some relations as friends, personal and familiar aspects which helps to satisfy social need. If this
needs gets satisfied of employees at 4COM PLC then his makes long term relations with
organisation. This can be done with performing some entertainment activities at workplace
(Farndale, Hope-Hailey and Kelliher, 2011).
Esteem need- This need arise among top level managers of 4COM PLC. As per this need,
in case of good performance it is responsibility of managers to recognise and provide good
rewards to employees. This motivates them to give best at workplace.
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Illustration 1: Maslow's Need-Hierarchy
Theory

Self-actualization need- Self actualisation is the need which arise among top level
manager. This need is different as per perception of employees. So this is relevant and significant
for maintaining long term relations with employees.
PROCESS THEORY
Process theory means actions taken to understand psychological and behavioural of
employees at workplace. This theory can be understood with the help of Vroom's Expectancy
theory.
Vroom's Expectancy theory
As per this theory motivation depends on attractiveness of reward and probability of
reward. This theory contains three elements i.e. expectancy, instrumentality, valence. This theory
is discussed as under in detail-
Expectancy- As per this element, there is expectation of employees that if performance is
best, then there is positive outcome in the form of reward. There is expectation of employees of
reward in case of positive result (Francis, O’Connor and Curran, 2012).
Instrumentality- According to this element there is relation between business operations
and organisational goals. Managers of 4COM PLC make strategies through which they can
perform operations in reliable way. This is significant for motivating employees and hence
performance of overall organisation improves.
Valence- Valence is the way through which employees of 4COM PLC value their reward
with performance. This is important and significant for motivating them. Managers has to match
performance and reward so this gives positive energy to employees of 4COM PLC.
Apart from motivational theory, there are some techniques which are used by managers
of 4COM PLC. This is discussed as under-
Training and development- This is the best way through which employees can perform
operations in effective and relevant their. In telecommunication sector, technologies are
changing with rapid speed. So with the help of training employees' knowledge gets polished.
This is effective and significant for achieving targets.
Employees engagement- 4COM PLC operates in all over UK, so it is important for
organisation to make changes which are relevant and signifiant for achieving target. There are
many changes taking place in business environment. So it is responsibility of managers to
provide chance to employees in decision making (Gabriel and et. al., 2015). This motivates
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employees as they feel they are crucial asset for 4COM PLC. This ultimately improve
organisation's performance.
TASK 3
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Team means group of people working to attain same goals and objectives. 4COM PLC is
big organisation deals in telecommunication sector. Being HR it is responsibility to form team
which is effective and attain goals and objectives on time. There are some changes which has to
be taken in order to deal with external environment. Effective team is keep to achieve
organisational goals and objectives of 4COM PLC. Team can be effective if proper knowledge
and guidance is provided. This is relevant for attaining good sales and profits (LA, 2013).
Definition of effective team
Effective team means to attain goals and objectives through proper administration by
authorised person. They were guided and supervised properly so goals and objectives can be
attained on time.
Definition of ineffective team
This is the team which lacks in achieving targets. In this team there are conflicts among
team mates which results in not achieving intended results or outcomes.
Team framing is not responsibility of manager, they are responsible for framing effective
team. This improves performance of overall organisation. Difference between effective and
ineffective team are discussed as under-
Effective team Ineffective team
Effective team members of 4COM PLC are
professional equipped and have knowledge
about actual way to perform operation.
Members of effective team have not much
knowledge and skill in order to attain goals and
objectives.
Effective team can make decisions effective
and make alteration in working style according
to external market.
Members of ineffective team are not able to
make changes in working style according to
external market elements.
Leaders of effective team at 4COM PLC
motivates employees to give best and in case
While leaders of ineffective team punish and
penalise team mates in case of negative results
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of error they keep it as learning. which affects morale of team membersof
4COM PLC .
These teams gives wastage to feedback of top
level managers.
While ineffective team does not work
according to feedback and reviews.
Characteristic of effective team are discussed as under-
Mutual cooperation- In effective team, there is mutual cooperation among team mates.
In 4COM PLC, employees have good relations among each other. This is significant and
appropriate for delivering information. This helps to reduce possibilities of duplication of
activities. Hence managers are able to attain goals and objectives i.e. improved brand image and
good profits.
Balanced roles- IN effective team, roles and responsibilities of organisation are balanced
and di8stributed among all team mates according to their skills and knowledge. This helps to
improve performance of overall association (Laforet, 2011). There is completion in
telecommunication associations, so with the help of balanced roles team mates are aware about
roles and responsibilities and hence best outcome can be achieved.
Proper communication- Communication is one of the important aspect which helps to
create synchronisation in business operations. When there is proper communication among team
mates, then they are aware about their roles and responsibilities. This is effective for overall
performance of 4COM PLC. There is less possibilities of duplication of operations and good
relations can be maintained among team mates.
HR managers of 4COM PLC emphasise of framing effective team. This is beneficial to
provide up to the mark product and services. If team is ineffective, then this affects business
operations in negative way and proves in wastage of time and cost.
Tuckman Model is used to frame effective team by HR manager of 4COM PLC. This is
relevant and si g overall operations of association (Michailova, and Sidorova, 2011).
Forming: Forming is the first step in model of Tuckman. In this step, managers of
4COM PLC analyse members which frames effective team. This is important step because other
steps may gets affected in negative way.
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Storming: Storming shows that there is some disputes among team mates because of
difference in view and mindset. While framing team by HR manager of 4COM PLC, then there
are possibilities of conflict because of dissatisfaction.
Norming: Norming is the stage in which there is some familiar relations among team
members. This helps to give best out of team mates.
Performing: At last this is the stage in which members perform to achieve assigned task.
This is the stage which gives positive outcome and goals and targets for which HR manager of
4COM PLC team is farmed.
Adjourning- This is the last step in which team gets dissolved because objectives are
achieved. After adjourning, there are good relations among members and hence they are ready to
work in team again (Owoyemi and Ekwoaba, 2014).
Belbin's theory is a research based theory which aims to focus on characteristic on every
individual in a team, so to obtain enhanced team results. This theory has been classified in nine
team roles, that is categorised into three groups: Action Oriented, People Oriented and Thought
Oriented. In context of this respective company, role of this theory becomes very vital.
Action Oriented Roles:
Shaper- In a team, shapers is one who is having a characteristic by which this respective
company will get helped by it's team member optimism. As shaper of a team, believes in
converting a obstacle into a opportunities by challenging itself and leading it's team in difficult
situations.
Implementer- This member of 4COM company is responsible for bringing ideas, plans
and concepts of respective company into existence. Personnel performing must be responsible
and disciplined towards their duties.
Completer Finisher- Personnel of this respective company, must be liable to carry out
roles related to completion of projects and to check that no errors and mistakes have been made
on part of members while implementing plans of project.
People Oriented Roles:
Co-ordinator- Leaders of 4COM company must appoint a member as co-ordinator who
has good listening skills, one which considers delegating duties to it's members so to promote
decision making.
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